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标题: 再问OG60 [打印本页]

作者: weiyu 时间: 2004-3-28 16:56
标题: 再问OG60
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60. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.

(A) like that of earlier generations

(B) as that for earlier generations

(D) as have earlier generations（E）

(E) as it was of earlier generations

xianwharton的问题:

为什么that 不能指代a goal

GEMJ的解释

不是不可以指代，是不能明确地指代a goal。
注意ETS的解释是：
Choices A and B lack a verb corresponding to is and a clear referent for that.

我想ETS在这里说的不能明确地指代a goal是从语法上说的，从逻辑上应该可以搞定THAT的指代对象。

从语法上，并不止你说的这两种可能性（owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land和a goal），还可能指代poll、house、land。从语法上好像没有规则可以排除这些可能性吧？

当然这个题目的主要问题在于结构上不如E完美，E与前面的句子构成了非常好的对称。

自从学了Pumpkin, Jnlvo NN对逗号的修饰歧意问题后, 我觉得这道题目也可以用这一标准来解释xianwharton的问题:

owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.

如果like前没有逗号, 则 owning….is goal… like that of ….黑体部分作为goal宾语部分平行, 这时that可以明确指代goal. 但是like前加逗号, 那莫就有

owning…., like that…(第一种平行方式); owing is goal…, like that…(第二种平行方式); 产生歧意. 胡说了一通, 不知对否? 希望NN指正

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-3-28 18:25
不知道有没有不加逗号，但属于这种意思的情况。说说我对like 和as 的看法，自以为可以解决一切like, as 表示正如，和....一样的情况。

like, unlike, 出现在like A, B ...... 或者B....., like A 这种结构时，一定是主语比较。

as 出现在： as A＋动词（be, 或do 替代主句动词）， B.... 结构中，主从句结构完美平行。

此原则经我多次试验，目前没有发现例外情况。（当然，as 的用法较多，此原则仅限于表示正如....）

套用这个原则分析：

According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.ffice

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(A) like that of earlier generations like 后面应该跟一个owning and living in a freestanding 逻辑意思上一致的词：比如: owning a car, 等等，举例而已。表示：正如拥车一样，拥房也是一个目标。如果要表示原句的意思：句子要改成：like earlier generations, a majority of young adults also have a goal of .....

(E) as it was of earlier generations 看结构平行： as it was of goal of ......, owning ...and living in ..... is still a goal of ......

作者: jnlvo 时间: 2004-3-28 18:36
说的都很有道理啊！

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-3-28 20:01
精彩，现在语法区的讨论真有意思。

个人意见：like前有逗号，like短语作状语；没逗号，like短语作定语

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-3-28 20:32
Chicago, where industrial growth in the nineteenth century was more rapid than any other American city, was plagued by labor troubles like the Pullman Strikes of 1894.

Opening with tributes to jazz-age divas like Bessie Smith and closing with Koko Taylor’s electrified gravel-and-thunder songs, the program will trace the blues’ vigorous matriarchal line over more than 50 years.

Roy Wilkins was among the last of a generation of civil rights activists who led the nation through decades of change so profound many young Americans are not able to imagine, even less to remember, what segregation was like.

Stars like the sun can continue to shine steadily for billions of years because its light and heat are produced by nuclear fusion, in which titanic releases of energy result in the loss of only tiny amounts of mass.

The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them: the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as “standing waves.”

Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

Tektites, which may have been propelled to Earth from lunar volcanoes, are much like the volcanic glass obsidian, but their chemical composition is different than any terrestrial lava; they contain far less water than obsidian does and none of its characteristic microcrystals.

Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.

刚才过了遍大全，找了非划线的like的句子，且排除了明显用法的句子（如like A,B...)

剩下的也应该是ETS认可的用法，大家讨论，总结一下

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-3-28 20:41

208. Teratomas are unusual forms of cancer because they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone not normally found in the organ in which the tumor appears.

(A) because they are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone

(B) because they are composed of tissues like tooth and bone that are

Choices B and C alter the meaning with the use of like, that is, they suggest that the tissues are not tooth and bone, but only like them.[注意不用LIKE的原因！！！]

按照OG的解释，like在这里是表示：象。。。,不能表示举例

但是上面的第一，第二，第四个句子，我觉得都象是在举例？？？

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-3-28 21:08
我也有同感。

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-3-28 21:20

以下是引用dreadpower在2004-3-28 20:41:00的发言：

但是上面的第一，第二，第四个句子，我觉得都象是在举例？？？

同感。是不是这些句子不是ETS的真题，而是XDF编出来的？？XDF要是知道我这么乱说一定气死。呵呵。

其他的都好理解。比如：

Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.

正好证明weiyu 的解释。

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-3-28 21:48
看这个OG的句子：

Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging（答案）

此处有点迷惑了，with arms and legs hanging显然是个独立主格结构，后面加like怎么解释？作什么成分？？

由此，还想到前两天的那道天山题目：

Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.

(A) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark

(D) been able to see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors marking（答案）

简直就是一个模子里刻出来的，由此可见，还是选D

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-3-28 21:52
另外，除了5，6句是OG的句子，最后一个是天山的句子以外，其他的都是大全里的句子，是否值得怀疑？？。。。

作者: weiyu 时间: 2004-3-28 21:56

以下是引用bryony在2004-3-28 21:20:00的发言：

Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.

正好证明weiyu 的解释。

如果是(, like....)那莫就可以修饰the passage of time, 也可以修饰 layers of sediment.

dreadpower版主的引用:

Choices B and C alter the meaning with the use of like, that is, they suggest that the tissues are not tooth and bone, but only like them.[注意不用LIKE的原因！！！]

按照OG的解释，like在这里是表示：象。。。,不能表示举例

这里是说, 如果用了like, 那么bone and tooth就不属于tissues这个类别, 而只是相似. 可是来看看 Stars like the sun

star本身就有恒星的意思, 而太阳本身也是恒星. 那为什么太阳就不属于恒星, 而只是和star相似呢? NN们, 快来解答;

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-3-28 22:20

以下是引用weiyu在2004-3-28 21:56:00的发言：

star本身就有恒星的意思, 而太阳本身也是恒星. 那为什么太阳就不属于恒星, 而只是和star相似呢? NN们, 快来解答;

所以我怀疑这个句子本身写的就不idiomatic. 呵呵。

作者: weiyu 时间: 2004-3-28 22:36

以下是引用dreadpower在2004-3-28 21:48:00的发言：
看这个OG的句子：

Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging（答案）

此处有点迷惑了，with arms and legs hanging显然是个独立主格结构，后面加like怎么解释？作什么成分？？

113. Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

(A) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang

(B) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs were hanging

(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging（D）

(E) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs have hung

Choices A and E also confusingly use the present tense hang and the present perfect have hung, respectively; neither verb conveys clearly that, at the time the monkeys were spotted sleeping, their arms and legs were hanging in the manner described. 请问黑体字的意思是什么???

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-3-28 23:45
             TO     weiyu

         就是说：当猴子（复数）散乱的睡在树上，他们的手和脚已经按照描述的方式挂在那里了。

         表达的意思是：see 猴子 doing sth, 是现在进行中的动作，而后面的时态和前面不呼应

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-3-28 23:50:06编辑过]

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-3-28 23:47
Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging（答案）

此处有点迷惑了，with arms and legs hanging显然是个独立主格结构，后面加like怎么解释？做什么成分？？是说什么象什么？？

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-3-28 23:57

以下是引用dreadpower在2004-3-28 23:47:00的发言：
Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.
(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging（答案）

此处有点迷惑了，with arms and legs hanging显然是个独立主格结构，后面加like怎么解释？做什么成分？？是说什么象什么？？

说猴子的手脚垂下来，就像挂在晾衣服绳子上面的挂的袜子。

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-3-29 00:03

1，Spot在这里应该是：to notice someone or something, especially when they are difficult to see or recognize。如：Police finally caught up with Serrano when he was spotted eating in an Upper East Side restaurant. 所以这一题spotted是个过去分词。

2，like短语在这里做方式状语。fficeffice" />

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-3-29 00:21
         作者要表达的是：arms and legs 象 socks ，对吗？？

     一般的，like比较的是名词，作状语。但是我不能理解状语直接接在一个独立主格结构里面。。。

     with arms and legs hanging。。。是否可以理解为独立结构作定语，修饰monkeys ？

     我查了一下薄冰的语法，说独立结构可作状语和定语

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-3-29 00:31
方式状语修饰句子，可以理解为修饰动词。

作者: weiyu 时间: 2004-3-29 09:06

以下是引用bryony在2004-3-28 23:57:00的发言：

说猴子的手脚垂下来，就像挂在晾衣服绳子上面的挂的袜子。

这正好说明了like sth只表示相似性, 而不表示类属性. 这不正是OG的解释吗..

作者: lwei1016 时间: 2004-3-30 20:40
新东方补充材料93

Because young children do not organize their attention or perceptions systematically,like adults,they may notice and remenber details that their elders ignore.

B,unlike an adult

C,as adults

D,as adults do

E,as an adult.

答案是D,这里是怎么一回事呢?

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-3-30 20:52

以下是引用lwei1016在2004-3-30 20:40:00的发言：
新东方补充材料93

Because young children do not organize their attention or perceptions systematically,like adults,they may notice and remenber details that their elders ignore.

B,unlike an adult

C,as adults

D,as adults do

E,as an adult.

答案是D,这里是怎么一回事呢?

套用like, 和as 的句型。这里应该unlike 前面是否定，用的不明不白。排除就只有D了。楼主想问什么？

作者: lwei1016 时间: 2004-3-30 21:14
不明白as adults do与like adults在这里的区别啊.不明白是作前面的状语还是作后面的状语啊.个人感觉用like adults更好吧

作者: jnlvo 时间: 2004-3-30 21:34
我认为like在这里的用法指代不清，like adults的adults对应的是young children ，还是后面的they？不同的对应，有不同的意思。这样放置like adults就会产生歧义。

这里as adults do清楚地表明adults对应前面的young children do not ，补全应该是as adults (do) organize their attention or perceptions systematically，

如果是对应的是后面的they，则句子意思是adults notice and remenber details that their elders ignore.我感觉这个与原意不符。

作者: rhod 时间: 2004-6-21 16:14

以下是引用weiyu在2004-3-28 16:56:00的发言：

如果like前没有逗号, 则 owning….is goal… like that of ….黑体部分作为goal宾语部分平行, 这时that可以明确指代goal. 但是like前加逗号, 那莫就有

owning…., like that…(第一种平行方式); owing is goal…, like that…(第二种平行方式); 产生歧意. 胡说了一通, 不知对否? 希望NN指正

有道理，OG 147的解释提到了后一种平行方式。

147. Samuel Sewall viewed marriage, as other seventeenth-century colonists, like a property arrangement rather than an emotional bond based on romantic love.

(C) Samuel Sewall viewed marriage to be a property arrangement, like other seventeenth-century colonists, rather than viewing it as

C incorrectly places the adjective phrase like other... colonists after the word arrangement, which it cannot logically modify.

作者: tania 时间: 2005-6-1 21:08
这道题目如果去掉like 前面的逗号，是不是A就正确了？

作者: 薰衣紫草 时间: 2005-6-2 07:10

No, I don't think so.

1. Don't try to make up the answers and assume which one is correct. Without ETS's confirmation, it cannot be guaranteed.

2. What causes A to be wrong has nothing to do with the comma before "like"; instead, "that" in A has no clear referent so that OG says, "Choices A and B lack a verb correspoinding to is and a clear referent for that."

3. Read the comments provided in OG over and over

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-8 7:04:40编辑过]

作者: tania 时间: 2005-6-7 23:05
谢谢紫草jj!

作者: struta 时间: 2009-11-11 01:03
拜读老帖~ 重振雄风。
问一个simple question，
E. as it was of earlier generation. 他省略了a goal, 是不是说谓语省略在这样的句型中？还是有别的解释？没上过辅导班。。。。
Thanks

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