标题: them 到底指代谁 [打印本页] 作者: bengfay 时间: 2010-1-17 01:30 标题: them 到底指代谁 OG 解释说c, d 的them 指代模糊,让人觉得是在指代tourists, e指代清除, e的them指代了主语 chambers 看了半天,觉得没什么区别, 为什么e的them指代是对的呢?
OG 12 6. In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize (D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize (E) because moisture exhale by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing作者: 论坛设施 时间: 2010-1-17 12:27
is it E?作者: bengfay 时间: 2010-1-17 13:29
yes, the answer is E作者: tibet 时间: 2010-1-17 16:57
代词应避免和前面的主语名词混淆，在单复数无法辨别指代的情况下 这经常是OG12里面的考点，选项c就是一个例子作者: jiaxizou 时间: 2010-1-17 16:59
我现在不太明白的是E项中的moisture exhale 是不是名词+名词组合，从逻辑上我是把这个当成的是主语，这样整个句子结构就是moisture exhale had raised the humidity。但是exhale没有名词形式啊？但是如果是exhale是动词的话，exhale应该用分词形式，那就是exhaled by tourists,但是这个正确项却不是这么样的！作者: tibet 时间: 2010-1-17 17:08
because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing 呵呵，难道我们OG用的版本不一样 我这里是exhaled作者: jiaxizou 时间: 2010-1-17 17:14
晕，被楼主忽悠了。再次看了下OG12，确实是exhaled by.作者: jiaxizou 时间: 2010-1-17 17:39
我是这么理解这个题的，要感觉句子的强调重心是否有变。 C的them确实有误导指代tourists的感觉，句子主干tourists were exhaling moisture，而tourists确实在them的不远处，此时的强调的是tourists怎么怎么样的描述。 D项我折腾了半天也没有弄明白这里them和tourists的关系，不过强调的东西却在变。根据PREP笔记里面所说，because优先于because of，因为because表达了完整句子，强调的也是整个句子内容，而because of 在词句子里面着重强调的是moisture词语，怎么形成的moisture，moisture怎么怎么样的。 E的主干是moisture had raised the humidity，强调是这个完整句子，所以这个跟tourists这个关系不大吧。作者: bengfay 时间: 2010-1-17 22:28
我也没折腾明白d,为什么指代tourists 难到是raising 紧跟在tourists后面修饰tourists?作者: jiaxizou 时间: 2010-1-17 23:19
逻辑上raising修饰的是moisture。作者: jiaxizou 时间: 2010-1-20 14:20
这几天研究了些题，越来越明显觉得D中的raising the humidity within them确实是修饰tourists的，看来OG12解释真是权威啊。
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by touristsraising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize
此句里面有两层定语从句，一个是that was exhaled by tourist修饰moisture,
另一个是问题关键所在raising the humidity within them.....该句到底是修饰tourists,还是跳跃修饰了前面的moisture. 其实是语法上是就近修饰的tourists而在逻辑上修饰了moisture，所以这里就产生了歧义，该句肯定就有问题了。
这几天找到了些例句来证明我的观点，如下：
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 此句包含了3层定语从句，分别是who...引导定语从句就近修饰child，where引导定语从句就近修饰environment, which 引导定语句就近修饰了stimuli，非常整齐的句子。
所以现在返回D项看raising the humidity within them...该定语从句在语法上必修饰tourists,这里的them指代肯定容易看成是指代tourists的。
另一方面关于定语从句的跳跃修饰在什么时候是合理正确的，我在白勇语法上找到了相关用法：
白勇P236,13题
Byron possessed powers of observation that would have made him a great anthropologist and that makes his letters as a group the rival of the best novels of the time. that... and that.....两个定语从句跳过of ovservation修饰了powers名词，这种情况下虽然语法上修饰的是obseration,但是逻辑上修饰的却是powers,照理说修饰有歧义了，但是这种n. of n.跳跃过名词修饰前面名词时允许的。
OPEN TO DISCUSS!作者: liz_summer 时间: 2010-7-25 16:00
谢谢ls~我正为这个them的指代发愁呢~作者: kukumalu1989 时间: 2010-7-25 19:23
最后一句那个白勇的例子，我总觉得好像不是LL解释的那样 这个句子逻辑和语法应该是不冲突的 逻辑是修饰powers 语法上应该也是 因为如果修饰的是observation 这个句子就没有了谓语 不完整了 所以语法上也应该是修饰powers