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标题: 求教新PrepII—196 [打印本页]
作者: HeavenlyAres 时间: 2009-11-2 23:11
标题: 求教新PrepII—196
196. Leaching, the recovery of copper from the drainage water of mines, as a method of the extraction of minerals, it was well established as early as the eighteenth century, but until about 25 years ago miners did not realize that bacteria take an active part in the process.
A. as a method of the extraction of minerals, it was well established
B. as a method of the extraction of minerals well established
C. was a well-established method of mineral extraction
D. was a well-established method of extracting mineral that was
E. had been a method of mineral extraction, well established
C is correct.
我选的是E,在看到E之前我觉得C的表达很清晰很简洁,但是有比较之后我觉得E更好一些。
首先我觉得early这个短语修饰的是establish还是extraction并没有一定,而原句是修饰establish的。
其次整个主句发生的时间都在but从句之后,but从句用得是一般过去时,E用过去完成时在时间概念上的表达不是更清晰么?
期待各位的指教
作者: dabianfu 时间: 2009-11-2 23:52
我觉得E的“a method of mineral extraction”表达有点拖沓
作者: HeavenlyAres 时间: 2009-11-3 00:04
我觉得E的“a method of mineral extraction”表达有点拖沓
-- by 会员 dabianfu (2009/11/2 23:52:53)
可是C的表达同样是a method of mineral extraction, 只不过把修饰短语后置了而已。
作者: dy4ever 时间: 2009-11-3 01:09
E 时态错误,逻辑意思产生歧义 well established 离修饰对象太远
作者: HeavenlyAres 时间: 2009-11-3 01:32
E 时态错误,逻辑意思产生歧义 well established 离修饰对象太远
-- by 会员 dy4ever (2009/11/3 1:09:37)
谢谢解答,修饰词离对象太远我觉得是不错的解释。
至于逻辑意思我觉得这个很难断定,毕竟从这句话来看early到底是修饰extraction还是establish对整句话的影响是不大的,何况原句修饰的反而是establish.
作者: dabianfu 时间: 2009-11-3 01:48
又学到了
作者: 坤kun 时间: 2011-5-13 13:28
还是不是很明白为什么不选E,除了时态的问题,E选项把well established放在后面究竟有什么问题呢?
prep语法笔记上说:well established做非限定性修饰method逻辑含义错误,应该用限定性修饰来说明所提的method是早在18世纪就建立的那个,即去掉逗号。
这是什么意思呢?请各位帮忙解释一下,谢谢了!
作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-5-31 21:46
还是不是很明白为什么不选E,除了时态的问题,E选项把well established放在后面究竟有什么问题呢?
prep语法笔记上说:well established做非限定性修饰method逻辑含义错误,应该用限定性修饰来说明所提的method是早在18世纪就建立的那个,即去掉逗号。
这是什么意思呢?请各位帮忙解释一下,谢谢了!
-- by 会员 坤kun (2011/5/13 13:28:46)
顶一下,对于过去分词的修饰一样不是很清楚。。。之前看过which的修饰,
首先,E中,well established, 真的不可以跳跃修饰中心词method吗?很困惑。。
其实,即使理解为修饰method,是不是还是错,因为不应该用非限制修饰?可是如何判断应该是限制性修饰还是非限制性修饰?这里我一直没有懂。
作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-6-1 20:03
up
作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-6-2 21:18
又比如下面这个题,我不理解对选项D的说明:
“用非限定性定语从句修饰,改变原句含义”, 怎么理解?
178. (GWD-1-Q21)
That twenty-one ceramic dog figurines were discovered during the excavating of a 1,000-year-old Hohokam village in Tempe, Arizona, has nearly doubled the number of these artifacts known to exist.
A. That twenty-one ceramic dog figurines were discovered during the excavating
B. Twenty-one ceramic dog figurines discovered at the excavation
C. Discovering twenty-one ceramic dog figurines at the excavating
D. Ceramic dog figurines, twenty-one of which were discovered during excavating (E)
E. The discovery of twenty-one ceramic dog figurines during the excavation
作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-6-3 20:34
顶一顶啦~
作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-6-5 15:52
ding
作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-6-8 20:26
还是不是很明白为什么不选E,除了时态的问题,E选项把well established放在后面究竟有什么问题呢?
prep语法笔记上说:well established做非限定性修饰method逻辑含义错误,应该用限定性修饰来说明所提的method是早在18世纪就建立的那个,即去掉逗号。
这是什么意思呢?请各位帮忙解释一下,谢谢了!
-- by 会员 坤kun (2011/5/13 13:28:46)
顶一下,对于过去分词的修饰一样不是很清楚。。。之前看过which的修饰,
首先,E中,well established, 真的不可以跳跃修饰中心词method吗?很困惑。。
其实,即使理解为修饰method,是不是还是错,因为不应该用非限制修饰?可是如何判断应该是限制性修饰还是非限制性修饰?这里我一直没有懂。
-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/5/31 21:46:10)
1. well established修饰的是method,不推荐考虑这个问题,因为established功能上method和extraction都能修饰,只要只有其中一个能够逻辑上合理修饰就没问题,只会增加不必要的判断。
2. 限制性修饰和非限制性修饰区别只是在于是否把其所修饰的对象给"缩小范围"了。
就如这题的E,用了非限定性修饰,那么潜在含义就是:所有的矿石提取方法都是18世纪well established的。
而显然正确的含义应该是,leaching是一个18世纪well-established的矿石提取方法。也就是把"矿石提取方法”缩小范围到18世纪已经发展得很成熟那个。
作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2011-6-8 20:30
又比如下面这个题,我不理解对选项D的说明:
“用非限定性定语从句修饰,改变原句含义”, 怎么理解?
178. (GWD-1-Q21)
That twenty-one ceramic dog figurines were discovered during the excavating of a 1,000-year-old Hohokam village in Tempe, Arizona, has nearly doubled the number of these artifacts known to exist.
A. That twenty-one ceramic dog figurines were discovered during the excavating
B. Twenty-one ceramic dog figurines discovered at the excavation
C. Discovering twenty-one ceramic dog figurines at the excavating
D. Ceramic dog figurines, twenty-one of which were discovered during excavating (E)
E. The discovery of twenty-one ceramic dog figurines during the excavation
-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/6/2 21:18:06)
关于限制性和非限制性的区别在07的笔记说明比较详细,08里只是提高大概。
我从mongmong从07里贴过来:
限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句
这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别:
限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧凑,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性;有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如:
Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located . 为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展,热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。
非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散,它与主句之间有一个逗点","隔开;它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉,也不会影响句子意思。由于上述原因,非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外,非限定性定语从句在中文译文里,我们往往将其作为一个分句处理,而不把它作定语翻译。例如:
Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy . (此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。)更早之前,巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图,但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。
======
或者:
1 限定性定语从句表示的是局部概念: 例: I am checking up the models who are in black T-shirt. 表明有很多模特,而我打量的是那些穿黑色圆领衫的模特.限定性定语从句区分了我打量的模特和其他的模特.
2 非限定定语从句表示的是整体的概念: 例: I am checking up the models, who are in black T-shirt. 表明这里有一群模特,这些模特共同的特点是她们都穿黑色圆领衫.
作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-6-8 20:45
又比如下面这个题,我不理解对选项D的说明:
“用非限定性定语从句修饰,改变原句含义”, 怎么理解?
178. (GWD-1-Q21)
That twenty-one ceramic dog figurines were discovered during the excavating of a 1,000-year-old Hohokam village in Tempe, Arizona, has nearly doubled the number of these artifacts known to exist.
A. That twenty-one ceramic dog figurines were discovered during the excavating
B. Twenty-one ceramic dog figurines discovered at the excavation
C. Discovering twenty-one ceramic dog figurines at the excavating
D. Ceramic dog figurines, twenty-one of which were discovered during excavating (E)
E. The discovery of twenty-one ceramic dog figurines during the excavation
-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/6/2 21:18:06)
哈这里我明白了哈,D把范围无故扩大了。
作者: mongmong 时间: 2011-6-8 20:47
还是不是很明白为什么不选E,除了时态的问题,E选项把well established放在后面究竟有什么问题呢?
prep语法笔记上说:well established做非限定性修饰method逻辑含义错误,应该用限定性修饰来说明所提的method是早在18世纪就建立的那个,即去掉逗号。
这是什么意思呢?请各位帮忙解释一下,谢谢了!
-- by 会员 坤kun (2011/5/13 13:28:46)
顶一下,对于过去分词的修饰一样不是很清楚。。。之前看过which的修饰,
首先,E中,well established, 真的不可以跳跃修饰中心词method吗?很困惑。。
其实,即使理解为修饰method,是不是还是错,因为不应该用非限制修饰?可是如何判断应该是限制性修饰还是非限制性修饰?这里我一直没有懂。
-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/5/31 21:46:10)
1. well established修饰的是method,不推荐考虑这个问题,因为established功能上method和extraction都能修饰,只要
只有其中一个能够逻辑上合理修饰就没问题,只会增加不必要的判断。
2. 限制性修饰和非限制性修饰区别只是在于是否把其所修饰的对象给"缩小范围"了。
就如这题的E,用了非限定性修饰,那么潜在含义就是:所有的矿石提取方法都是18世纪well established的。
而显然正确的含义应该是,leaching是一个18世纪well-established的矿石提取方法。也就是把"矿石提取方法”缩小范围到18世纪已经发展得很成熟那个。
-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/6/8 20:26:55)
好像有点明白了,可是E里是leaching had been a method of mineral extraction,这里只有一种方法,没有所有方法,为什么用非限制性修饰会产生问题呢?
Leaching, the recovery of copper from the drainage water of mines, as a method of the extraction of minerals, it was well established as early as the eighteenth century, but until about 25 years ago miners did not realize that bacteria take an active part in the process.
E. had been a method of mineral extraction, well established
作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-17 00:33
作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-17 20:55
作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-18 02:34
作者: 幸运四叶草 时间: 2011-10-18 22:46
作者: mongmong 时间: 2012-5-5 20:03
嗯,再看一次这个题,觉得E漏掉了句子的一个重心,即为了和but until about 25 years ago相比较,需要在前一句强调出 a method of mineral extraction的时间,这也反映了E选项非限定性修饰的缺点。
作者: peill 时间: 2012-5-5 21:17
D选项的意思就变成了只有21个是在这个遗址发现的。而且Ceramic dog figurines不一定是几个了。
作者: huirui 时间: 2013-8-11 19:44
原题A哪里错了呀
作者: olivia瓜瓜 时间: 2013-9-27 15:52
huirui 发表于 2013-8-11 19:44
原题A哪里错了呀
有两个主语了,第一个主语leaching 无谓语
作者: olivia瓜瓜 时间: 2013-9-27 15:53
我用 as early as eighteenth 的这个事态标志排除E选项的过去完成时,对吗?
作者: olivia瓜瓜 时间: 2013-9-27 15:54
mongmong 发表于 2012-5-5 20:03
嗯,再看一次这个题,觉得E漏掉了句子的一个重心,即为了和but until about 25 years ago相比较,需要在前 ...
同意,感觉有点状语的比较在里面,可是句尾的状语是不是一定修饰整个句子?
作者: 薄荷0816 时间: 2013-9-27 18:45
HeavenlyAres 发表于 2009-11-3 01:32
E 时态错误,逻辑意思产生歧义 well established 离修饰对象太远-- by 会员 dy4ever (2009/11/3 1:09:37 ...
之前GWD里有这道题,我看讨论很多人都说C改变了early修饰的对象,但是也是最好的答案了。因为有时候GWD有些争论,大家还说是不是B项忘了was了
作者: 安猪 时间: 2017-8-4 04:05
感谢分享!
作者: candy倩 时间: 2020-4-18 04:44
E:had been指的的是过去完成时,而过去完成时是指过去的过去且动作已经结束;这里的method是过去的过去建立的,但没有结束,method有可能还存在,所以不符合过去完成时。不知道理解的对不对,期待指教。
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