1. (24179-!-item-!-188;#058&000705)
Although fullerenes--spherical molecules made
entirely of carbon--were first found in the laboratory, they have since been
found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite. Since laboratory synthesis of fullerenes
requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure, this discovery
should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of
the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously
undermines the argument?
(A) Confirming that the shungite genuinely
contained fullerenes took careful experimentation.
(B) Some fullerenes have also been found on the
remains of a small meteorite that collided with a spacecraft.
(C) The mineral shungite itself contains large
amounts of carbon, from which the fullerenes apparently formed.
(D) The naturally occurring fullerenes are
arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.
(E) Shungite itself is formed only under
distinctive conditions.
44. (33799-!-item-!-188;#058&007092)
In countries in which new life-sustaining drugs
cannot be patented, such drugs are sold at widely affordable prices; those same
drugs, where patented, command premium prices because the patents shield
patent-holding manufacturers from competitors.
These facts show that future access to new life-sustaining drugs can be
improved if the practice of granting patents on newly developed life-sustaining
drugs were to be abolished everywhere.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously
weakens the argument?
(A) In countries in which life-sustaining drugs
cannot be patented, their manufacture is nevertheless a profitable enterprise.
(B) Countries that do not currently grant patents
on life-sustaining drugs are, for the most part, countries with large populations.
(C) In some countries specific processes for the
manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs can be patented even in cases in which the
drugs themselves cannot be patented.
(D) Pharmaceutical companies can afford the
research that goes into the development of new drugs only if patents allow them
to earn high profits.
(E) Countries that grant patents on
life-sustaining drugs almost always ban their importation from countries that
do not grant such patents.
47. (34035-!-item-!-188;#058&007207)
Automobile emissions are a significant source of
air pollutants, and cars over five years old typically generate significantly
greater amounts of pollutants than newer cars.
In Torinia, which has recently built its first automobile manufacturing
plant, most cars are over five years old.
Aiming to boost Torinia's economy and reduce air pollution, the
government plans to introduce incentives for Torinians to scrap their old cars
every five years and replace them with new ones.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously
undermines the likelihood that the planned incentives, if implemented, will
achieve both of the cited aims?
(A) Without the implementation of the planned
incentives, most Torinians who own an old car would be unlikely to buy a new
car.
(B) Torinia's automobile plant manufactures car
models that typically generate smaller amounts of air pollutants than most
similarly sized car models manufactured elsewhere.
(C) The new cars produced in Torinia are not
likely to be exported to other countries.
(D) The largest source of atmospheric pollutants
in Torinia is not automobile emissions, but emissions from power plants.
(E) The manufacture and the scrapping of cars each
generate significant amounts of air pollutants.
逻辑题一般都是没有两个以上的正确选项的，也就不会出现所谓最优选项。
上面44题，C是无关项，说的是过程专利，也不能按你说的去理解，绝对不能选。
47题，D也不正确，D说power plant排污是最厉害的，并不能削弱原文的计划。
44.楼上MM，首先你找的原题结论是对的（题干中结论说 IF 取消了药品专利保护，THEN 新药更容易获得了），我们来看C项说了什么，
(C) In some countries specific processes for the manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs can be patented even in cases in which the drugs themselves cannot be patented.
Ｃ是说在某些国家，一些药品本身没有获得专利，但是这些药的制作过程获得了专利。----这个是在说无专利药品当中比较特别的一类，因为它们有制作过程专利。
对于Weaken的题目，用结论的具体性去区分有关无关，并结合TEST。就像你说的，结论是在说取消专利药品的专利会有什么结果，而C是在谈无专利药品的事情，当然是无关项。
你对C的理解加入了个人的意思，不是原文信息。
对于47的D，还是那句话，用结论的具体性去区分有关无关，并结合TEST.
请问，D能够让作者重新考虑他的结论吗，也就是说能够起到削弱作用吗？
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