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标题: OG12-SC122引出would 和 will.... [打印本页]

作者: gracezz 时间: 2009-9-18 19:34
标题: OG12-SC122引出would 和 will....

A wildlife expert predicts that the reintroduction of the
caribou into northern Minnesota would fail if the density
of the timber wolf population in that region is more
numerous than one wolf for every 39 square miles.
(A) would fail if the density of the timber wolf
population in that region is more numerous
(B) would fail provided the density of the timber wolf
population in that region is more
(C) should fail if the timber wolf density in that
region was greater
(D) will fail if the density of the timber wolf
population in that region is greater
(E) will fail if the timber wolf density in that region
were more numerous

解释说:这里要用will fail来表示条件:the density of ....than one wolf for every 39 square miles的可能性高

我就不理解了,什么时候用would fail来表示推断什么时候用if x happens, y will happen

这句predict不也是推断吗?为什么可以用will呢?

请高人指点

作者: dodomerry 时间: 2009-9-18 20:37

如果用would的话，那if条件句就要用虚拟语气啦，可是并没有虚拟语气跟would对应，所以不能用would.

作者: gracezz 时间: 2009-9-18 21:30

以下是引用dodomerry在2009/9/18 20:37:00的发言：

如果用would的话，那if条件句就要用虚拟语气啦，可是并没有虚拟语气跟would对应，所以不能用would.

看了你的解释查了一下词典里面would 例句果真都是if 里面是虚拟的

明白了

谢谢哟~~~~~~

作者: zylrt 时间: 2009-12-12 15:10
标题: 今天刚查到的……解释的不错！
the best choice, uses a correct sequence of present and future indicative verb forms–predicts, will fail, and is–in the three related clauses. Density, an abstract “mass” noun, is logically construed with greater than. In A and B, would fail disagrees with the other verbs in tense and mood. Choice A misconstrues density with more numerous than, and B uses the pretentious and illogical word provided for ifm a conditional clause after a negative idea (would fail). C’s should fail and was are confusing and inconsistent with predicts. C and E use the absurd phrase timber wolf density. (The wolves are not dense; their population is dense.) E also uses an inconsistent subjunctive form, were, and misconstrues density with more numerous than.

作者: rainbowmanutd 时间: 2010-4-7 16:49
C的shuold为什么不对，if后面用了虚拟的啊

作者: gracezz 时间: 2010-4-10 17:18
再来分析一次
(A) would fail if the density of the timber wolf
population in that region is more numerous --more 和 numerous不可能同时出现，语意重复
(B) would fail provided the density of the timber wolf
population in that region is more -density是密度，不能用more来解释
(C) should fail if the timber wolf density in that
region was greater---乱改了情态动词和后面从句的时态
(D) will fail if the density of the timber wolf
population in that region is greater-对
(E) will fail if the timber wolf density in that region
were more numerous-同A

作者: 加州女孩 时间: 2010-4-22 22:35
标题: 关于C和虚拟语气
C中不应该是timber wolf density而应该是density of population;
虚拟语气主要用于表达主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况，而这种情况一般是不太可能实现的，而本题中的情况不是主观的愿望也不是不太可能实现的，而是专家的预测，所以不能用虚拟，况且所有选项中也没有正确使用虚拟的

作者: abjure 时间: 2010-5-25 16:39
这题其他考点明白，对would还有点疑问，上dictionary 查了下would和if 连用的情况，供大家参考。
2 imagined situations
a) used when talking about a possible situation that you imagine or want to happen:
What would you do if you won a million pounds?
I'd be amazed if I got the job.
I wish they'd come and visit us.
If only he would listen to me.
b) used when talking about something that did not happen, or a situation that cannot exist:
Everything would be very different if your father were still alive.
I would have phoned you, but there wasn't time.
Alex would never have found out if you hadn't told him.
What would have happened if I hadn't been here?

9 advice spoken used when giving or asking for advice:
I'd try to get there early if you can.
I would talk to the doctor if I were you.
What would you do if you were in my position?

作者: jtrchina 时间: 2010-5-25 17:53

这题其他考点明白，对would还有点疑问，上dictionary 查了下would和if 连用的情况，供大家参考。
2 imagined situations
a) used when talking about a possible situation that you imagine or want to happen:
What would you do if you won a million pounds?
I'd be amazed if I got the job.
I wish they'd come and visit us.
If only he would listen to me.
b) used when talking about something that did not happen, or a situation that cannot exist:
Everything would be very different if your father were still alive.
I would have phoned you, but there wasn't time.
Alex would never have found out if you hadn't told him.
What would have happened if I hadn't been here?

9 advice spoken used when giving or asking for advice:
I'd try to get there early if you can.
I would talk to the doctor if I were you.
What would you do if you were in my position?

-- by 会员 abjure (2010/5/25 16:39:12)

顶一个很清楚

稍作补充：
虚拟语气有一大法宝，有明显的时间退格现象，据此可做准确判断
if 现在,will
if ed,would
if had,would have
虚拟语气从句较主句有时间退格
此外，if 现在,will 有强调客观，发生概率大的感情色彩，其余皆表与事实相反的虚拟

作者: gracezz 时间: 2010-5-25 18:13
楼上两位的规纳很到位呀~受用了~~

作者: catherine66 时间: 2010-5-31 13:12
好贴顶起

作者: likebing 时间: 2010-6-17 11:25
谢谢，顶起了

作者: ozymendias 时间: 2010-6-17 14:11
受教了~顶

作者: 呜啦呜啦dd 时间: 2010-7-14 20:59
顶~

作者: wangjun1130 时间: 2010-12-12 16:16
感谢解释了很多以前不清楚的

作者: joelee1991 时间: 2011-8-17 23:51
顶了，我刚刚也被这个问题所难住，好清楚的解答

作者: Julie1983 时间: 2011-11-1 20:40
GREAT

作者: jofre 时间: 2011-11-25 16:56

C中不应该是timber wolf density而应该是density of population;
虚拟语气主要用于表达主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况，而这种情况一般是不太可能实现的，而本题中的情况不是主观的愿望也不是不太可能实现的，而是专家的预测，所以不能用虚拟，况且所有选项中也没有正确使用虚拟的

-- by 会员加州女孩 (2010/4/22 22:35:37)

个人感觉，即使C用虚拟语态，也是对将来预测，if从句不应该用过去式而应该用would do；即使C用虚拟语态表示与目前事实相反，if从句也不应该用was而应该用were

与过去事实相反：A would have done if B had done
与现在事实相反：A would do if B did/were
预测将来（可能性很小）：A would do if B would do

作者: 斯宾塞 时间: 2012-2-25 09:05
受用啦！

作者: zhongshanlh 时间: 2012-4-11 14:36
8楼的总结中都有错误的。。。。

作者: 篮子里的幸福 时间: 2012-6-30 20:14
从一篇专门研究if would 和will 的文献上看到，
在这里if和will 的组合表示真值条件。所谓真值条件句( truth-conditional) , Declerk 在Tense in Eng lish 一书中是这样定义的: 结果句的条件不是条件句之情况实现的本身, 而是说话人所预期的条件句情况实现这一表述的真值。他说“.. . the condition for q is the expected truth of the prediction that p situatio n will actualize, not the actulization itself”。换句话说, 说话人按照自己的背景知识,由条件分句的语义而推导出主句结论。因此, 主、分句二者之间有着内在的逻辑推断关系, 而不是情况条件中主、从句之间的那种直接的因果关系( cause effect relation) , 即主句情况的实现完全有赖于条件分句情况的实现。如:
If the weather is fine, ( then) , we'll have a barbecue.
真值条件句的深层语义可用公式if p is true,then ( undoubtedly ) q is true 表示, 即条件内容若真,主句结论也无疑为真。显然, 分、主句的情况之间无时间先后的制约关系, 只要表意需要, 主、分句动词短语可以是各种时态, 因此, 当条件情况为将来时性时, 便理所当然地将will 用作其标志, 如:
If John will be in London tomorrow , Bill w ill be there too.
If John w ill go to London tomorrow , then( surely ) Fred sent him an invitation.

作者: zwhjzwhj 时间: 2012-7-5 19:43

8楼的总结中都有错误的。。。。

-- by 会员 zhongshanlh (2012/4/11 14:36:25)

哪个错了？

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