ChaseDream
标题: GWD-26-20 [打印本页]
作者: rosemary628 时间: 2009-6-14 20:50
标题: GWD-26-20
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average
of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing
household chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.
A. chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours
a week
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly
six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were
spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
nn能不能解释下这几个选项的错误啊？这种题目我总是出错。多谢了！
答案是B
作者: rosemary628 时间: 2009-6-15 00:29
自己再顶！
作者: msuzengli 时间: 2009-6-15 01:25
非NN,欢迎拍砖.
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average
of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing
household chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.
A. chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours
a week (they 指代有问题, 如果指代children的话会令句子出现逻辑错误: 1997年还是1981年那帮孩子吗?)
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly
six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were
spent in 1997 (无逻辑或语法上的错误, 但相比选项B, 被动表达不如主动, 并改变句子重心)
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997 (compared with没有与a figure对应的逻辑主语)
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997 (growing无法表达出完成的状态)
作者: rosemary628 时间: 2009-6-15 10:18
多谢ls!!
作者: xiaoniuren 时间: 2009-8-3 21:17
D
作者: clarry 时间: 2010-4-13 21:16
非NN,欢迎拍砖.
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average
of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing
household chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.
A. chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours
a week (they 指代有问题, 如果指代children的话会令句子出现逻辑错误: 1997年还是1981年那帮孩子吗?)
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly
six hours a week
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were
spent in 1997 (无逻辑或语法上的错误, 但相比选项B, 被动表达不如主动, 并改变句子重心)
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997 (compared with没有与a figure对应的逻辑主语)
In the United States, while the number of foreign-born residents and their children is higher than ever, the percentage of the population they represent is not; in 1910 this group made up 35 percent of the population when compared to 20 percent in 2000.
(A) population when compared to 20 percent in 2000
(E) population, compared with 20 percent in 2000
我认为这个D选项的错误在于
1. a figure of nearly six hours a week的表述不地道
2. 原句想强调的是后者，也就是1997年的数字；而单纯用compared blabla重心改变到前半句。- 注意：后面的那个例子正好说明了这个问题。
所以我认为不能从compared的逻辑主语或者最近的名词来判断正确与否（这个叫过去分词作伴随吧？），而要用句子的重心来判断。E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997 (growing无法表达出完成的状态)
-- by 会员 msuzengli (2009/6/15 1:25:00)
作者: gracezz 时间: 2010-5-27 10:59
顶楼上，我觉得有道理耶～～
作者: chaneldl 时间: 2010-8-4 11:44
CDE都不能选,改变了原句意思.
原句不是在讲1997年发生的事情,而是讲到1997年为止的事情,
既然用了by结构,就应该用完成时,那不用过去完成时用什么?难道用现在完成时?1997年已经过去很多年了
作者: 超超琪琪格 时间: 2010-10-1 10:56
五楼正解！
作者: KIMMI0330 时间: 2010-10-24 23:18
那么过去完成时怎么解释呢。。
作者: KIMMI0330 时间: 2010-10-24 23:29
那么过去完成时怎么解释呢。。
-- by 会员 KIMMI0330 (2010/10/24 23:18:21)
这个问题自己想明白了。。
有个问题：compared with的用法。A(这个地方一定要是直接参与比较的内容麽? 比如说这道题目里与figure比较的数据离comma比较远)。 ,compared with B
期待NN回答~
作者: eshopaholic 时间: 2010-12-1 19:06
到底是什么呢？
作者: ashlie888 时间: 2011-7-18 11:56
那么过去完成时怎么解释呢。。
-- by 会员 KIMMI0330 (2010/10/24 23:18:21)
同问
作者: letao531 时间: 2011-7-20 17:11
In 1981 children in the United States spent an averageof slightly less than two and a half hours a week doinghousehold chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.
A.chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hoursa week1997年的已经不是1981年的那帮孩子了，不能用they
B.chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearlysix hours a week这里用的是分号. 而不是主句从句关系. 所以两个句子是有逻辑关系的平行. 1997 并不是过去(1981) 的将来. 既然是平行概念1997 & 1981 都是现在的过去. 而by 有到....时间的意思. 所以发生在1997的过去. 有就是和1981的过去是平行概念的过去. 所以had grown
C.chores, whereas nearly six hours a week werespent in 1997逻辑不对，一周6小时，这是一个频率，不能were spent
D.chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E.chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
作者: vincent1234 时间: 2011-7-31 20:41
只要是强调过去一段时间存在动作 后来又消失了 就可以用过去完成时
作者: liwebber 时间: 2011-8-11 10:35
标题: 再问GWD26-Q20
In 1981 children in the United States spent an averageof slightly less than two and a half hours a week doinghousehold chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.
A.chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hoursa week
B.chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearlysix hours a week
C.chores, whereas nearly six hours a week werespent in 1997
D.chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E.chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
开始选的C，知道了被动不如主动，可是C中的过去完成时的标志是什么？是by吗？
作者: 09zhangxiaobin 时间: 2012-1-31 20:07
D
-- by 会员 xiaoniuren (2009/8/3 21:17:00)
D 选项确实错在a figure of nearly six hours a week 这个表达上，一是表达不idiomatic, 二是啰嗦，应该把a figure of 去掉改成 nearly six hours a week 这样就对了而且nearly six hours 与上文slightly less than two and half hours 对称。
作者: EmilyYoung90 时间: 2012-2-7 17:51
In 1981 children in the United States spent an averageof slightly less than two and a half hours a week doinghousehold chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.
A.chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hoursa week. 1997年之前孩子spent nearly six hours a week 不能代表他们1997年也这么做。
B.chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearlysix hours a week
C.chores, whereas nearly six hours a week werespent in 1997 主动被动不平行，且被动的话谁发出的呢？
D.chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997 compared像跟chores compared.
E.chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997 that 前面加逗号不能直接修饰前面的noun或者phrases，要加and,或者换同位语从句也行。
作者: lemonsong 时间: 2012-5-3 15:30
In 1981 children in the United States spent an averageof slightly less than two and a half hours a week doinghousehold chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week.
A.chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hoursa week1997年的已经不是1981年的那帮孩子了，不能用they
B.chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearlysix hours a week这里用的是分号. 而不是主句从句关系. 所以两个句子是有逻辑关系的平行. 1997 并不是过去(1981) 的将来. 既然是平行概念1997 & 1981 都是现在的过去. 而by 有到....时间的意思. 所以发生在1997的过去. 有就是和1981的过去是平行概念的过去. 所以had grown
解释得真好~~~
C.chores, whereas nearly six hours a week werespent in 1997逻辑不对，一周6小时，这是一个频率，不能were spent
D.chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E.chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
-- by 会员 letao531 (2011/7/20 17:11:01)
作者: kid381 时间: 2013-7-2 00:07
众NN解释犀利，受教了
作者: chachacha007 时间: 2013-9-10 15:27
这样用they没问题，
这种generalization是可以接受的
作者: 开心的柠檬 时间: 2014-3-23 20:50
关于B中的过去完成时，我理解为，因为这里有by 1997,这个时状很重要，说话者站在现在，说，在1997年以前blablabla…，因此是过去的过去，用过完时。注意：这里用的是分号，不是逗号，分号前后是独立的两个句子。
作者: candice1112 时间: 2014-9-27 14:39
A：they的指代没有问题！they本身就是多指代主语，问题在于by
"performed well" 和 "by 2010" 不能够连用。
"By (date)" 是用来表示成就（achievements） or （changes）的变化状态的
E.g.,
* graduating from school (once you graduate, you have a degree; before, you didn't)
* X grows bigger than Y (now it's bigger; before, it was smaller)
* meeting a performance requirement
* performing well enough to qualify for the Olympic Trials]
所以B选项： "figure grow to nearly six hours a week" 才能够表达本质变化，和by 1997连用make sense!
B：如果是要对比 过去的 statistic和现在的，表示现在的可以用现在完成时：
at the start of the 1991 track season, the world record in the men's long jump had stood for 23 years.
（可以发现原句中的in 1981这个时间点概念一点用都没有！其实前一句话就是想体现一个time maker的）
C：这里的whereas是一个 平行的indicator，但是这句话没有平行
D：问题在a figure of nearly six hours
D的错误：
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours 【wordy】 a week in 1997（错！）
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household chores, compared with nearly six hours a week in 1997（正确）
由于 figure= 确切的数字，所以，D选项中的a figure of nearly 6 h 就非常的wordy！
E.g., In 1990 the population of Las Vegas was only about 400,000, but by 2010 that figure had grown to 1,200,000.
这里that figure=400,000， 但是不能够替换，因为awkward，
E: in 1997是表达当年所发生的，和正在发生的：growing不match
这是我自己整理的~~大家可以看一下~~
作者: x-tester 时间: 2015-5-30 12:26
大家对A的理解貌似都错了吧。。They指代的是广泛意义的「children in U.S.」（句子如果不是此意，应该就用children who ... in 1981这样的句式），我们平时也这样说，也不见得GMAC的人会在这里作出反人类的诠释。
我觉得Ron大神的解释更靠谱一点：
The meaning of the problem (which is clear to me - and, apparently according to the gmat people, clear to everyone else too) is that the kids were spending that many hours per week by 1997.
if you say "they had spent six hours a week by 1997", all this means is that they had gotten to 6 hrs/wk AT SOME POINT before 1997. it doesn't mean that they're still working that much.
也就是说，在这里过去完成时似乎让句子产生了“在1997年之前他们就已经一星期干6小时”了这样的感觉（即「过去已经完成了」），这个是不正确的，应该是“干活时长慢慢增长，到了1997年已经涨到了6小时一星期”这样才对。
Ron给了另外的例子，给大家参考下：
in 1980 forty percent of East High School class graduated; 67% of the class had graduated by 1997.
--> wrong. this would mean that half of the 1980 class had graduated at any time prior to 1997.
in 1980 forty percent of East High School class graduated; by 1997 the figure had grown to 67%.
--> correct. this would mean that 67% of the '97 class graduated (which is what we mean).
作者: DeliciaAn 时间: 2015-6-5 16:03
顶8楼。
作者: 安猪 时间: 2017-8-6 02:02
同意！
作者: chuck15 时间: 2019-1-17 14:00
同意！
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