在lawyer 在support分类中特殊类的题中 提到 调查类的 support是调查的对象很有代表性
有点疑问 什么才算调查类的呢
比如下面这道题 我认为是 调查类 答案却不是
GWD3-Q9:（B）
Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo. Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.（假设类的）（调查）
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?
A. The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.（有代表性）（只是针对了研究，对结论没什么影响，这里不算很有代表性，注意结论中的主语 many credit-card holder，这样其他的就没什么关系了）（在选的时候，不能只看形式）
B. Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.（削弱的）（无因无果型）
C. In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.（不具代表性）
D. In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card. （无关比较，要是否用现金付和credit card无关的）
E. The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared.（不具代表性的）（只是说的用这种信用卡付钱的比例增加而已，未说spend more）
紫色的是我自己更正过的，蓝色的是我原来的错误想法
还有一道是
GWD-9-Q37:（A）
Researchers took a group of teenagers who had never smoked and for one year tracked whether they took up smoking and how their mental health changed. Those who began smoking within a month of the study’s start were four times as likely to be depressed at the study’s end than those who did not begin smoking. Since nicotine in cigarettes changes brain chemistry, perhaps thereby affecting mood, it is likely that smoking contributes to depression in teenagers.(因果型结论)
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?（是调查类的）
A. Participants who were depressed at the study’s start were no more likely to be smokers at the study’s end than those who were not depressed.（削弱了，因果颠倒了，同时也反了）（排除他因，排除是因为
原来就有depress的人存在，后来吸烟，这样就会削弱结论，不能说是吸烟导致的，可能原来就有的）
B. Participants who began smoking within a month of the study’s start were no more likely than those who began midway through to have quit smoking by the study’s end.
C. Few, if any, of the participants in the study were friends or relatives of other participants.（调查很有代表性的）
D. Some participants entered and emerged from a period of depression within the year of the study.
E. The researchers did not track use of alcohol by the teenagers.
这2道题，已明白答案为什么了
想问的是什么情况下就可以选 调查类的了，什么情况下就不可以
疑惑中
请各位赐教
我有一些明白你的意思
看看是不是这样，
代表性选项，大致可以在一下两种情况出现。
1 出现现象，解释原因。 A will lead to B, because.....
2 背景信息，条件，预测结果。 A occur.Since A lead to B, B occur
第一种， 代表性选项就不对， 因为强调实验结果的显著性 对 作者给出的解释 没有任何贡献。
第二种， 代表性选项就对楼，因为强调了实验的显著性，就支持了作者给出的因果关系，B就更可能发生
juyupei好牛啊
感觉好像有点懂了
虽然有些选项是在强调 很有代表性 ，但是对结论和推理没什么影响 就像第2题那样
最重要的还是看对于结论和推理怎么样的，如果对结论和推理有作用的话，就是正确的了
谢谢 juyupei
还想请教
再过一星期就要考了，但是逻辑的正确率还是上不来，怎么办呢
对于SUPPORT， WEAKEN题，正确答案一定使原文证据对结论的证明力，说服力产生变化，否则就不是答案。调查对象有代表性是答案也是在这方面起作用。
第一题结论要说的是信用卡的作用，A讲的代表性是没有信用卡情况，所以对结论起不了作用。
哦，这下彻底明白了
还是一定要重视结论，如果是理解了结论，A选项就能用有关 无关排除了
因为原文是在强调信用卡的作用，而A选项说了没有信用卡的作用，对结论起不到什么作用
就算是很有代表性，也不是针对的结论 所以不是答案
谢谢 lawyer
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