我知道，分词作状语表示伴随着前面动作发生的另一个动作，分词作定语修饰它前面的那个名词~~
那么除了从逻辑意义上判断分词是作定语还是作状语，没有别的办法了吗？比如分词做定语还是状语有没有形式上的区别？
我通过看OG上面的用法感觉，分词做状语的时候要么放在句首，要么分词前面有逗号
而分词做定语的时候一般紧跟着它修饰的名词或者代词，没有逗号
这样形式上面的区别也可以避免歧义~~
OG101
El Nino, the periodic abnormal warming of the sea surface off
(A) a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean and atmosphere combine allowing the warm water that has accumulated
(B) a phenomenon where changes in the ocean and atmosphere are combining to allow the warm water that is accumulating
(C) a phenomenon in which ocean and atmosphere changes combine and which allows the warm water that is accumulated
(D) is a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean and atmosphere combine to allow the warm water that has accumulated
(E) is a phenomenon where ocean and atmosphere changes are combining and allow the warm water accumulating
This accumulation of phrases and clauses results in a sentence fragment; there is no main verb. This problem is easily solved by inserting the verb to be: BI Nino ... is a phenomenon ... The clause defining phenomenon (in which changes in the ocean and atmosphere combine) is clear and correct, but the subsequent phrase, allowing ... is not. If the participial phrase were to modify the previous clause, a comma would have to be inserted between combine and allowing. A better choice would be to follow combine with to allow, showing purpose. In this sense, the environmental changes combine in order to allow the water to flow back east.
上面提亮的话分明说了分词作伴随状语时候要加逗号的~~
但是BY43页上面一道题（正确答案带入了原句）：
scientists believe that unlike the males of most species of moth, the male whistling moths of Nambung, Australia, call female moths to them using acoustical signals, rather than olfactory ones, and attract their mates during the day, rather than at night.
分词看上去像是修饰them，但是从语义来看应该是做状语的~~对不对？
我想问一下，到底可不可以认为，分词作状语和作定语是有形式上的区别的？BY上面那道题是有歧义的？
BY那个the male whistling moths of Nambung, Australia, call female moths to them 里，the male whistling moths 和后面那个them不是指代一样吗，怎么会有歧义呢？
现在分词作定语时表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。所以我把上面的理解为定语。
现在分词做状语在句中的确是需要“，”的。可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
个人感觉，希望大家指教~
using。。。修饰them？？也就是the male whistling moths ？
感觉好奇怪
作状语更好吧~~
the male whistling moths of Nambung, Australia 以using acoustical signals的方法来call female moths
the male whistling moths of Nambung, Australia 以using acoustical signals的方法来call female moths ，的确是状语，但是这个格式不符，而且the male whistling moths 和后面的them是一个东西，所以我就把它理解为定语了~
顶！！！
有没有人帮解答一下啊~~我和楼上 到底谁对呃？？？
1.分词作状语，不需要用逗号，和前句隔开。OG 101的EXPLANATION的解释只针对这道题有效，因为A的allowing之前是一个定语从句，再加一个分词结构，让人分不清，allowing究竟是修饰谁（可以理解成做combine的状语），用逗号清楚的就把修饰语，指向句子主干。才能符合逻辑上修饰主干：the warming... is a phoneomenon...的要求。
2. 白勇题目里 using是用来修饰 call的方式状语，这里不存在修饰歧义，不存在形式上的awkward（如og101,分词之前加定语从句），所以不要逗号。
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