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标题: 请大牛斧正：Prep-112答案是否错了，O(∩_∩)O谢谢！！！ [打印本页]

作者: 古韵 时间: 2009-4-8 12:35
标题: 请大牛斧正：Prep-112答案是否错了，O(∩_∩)O谢谢！！！

请教各路牛人：

我在做54题版的Prep时，遇到编号为112的逻辑题，发现该题和GWD31套中的GWD-26-31题目相同但答案不一，本人认为GWD的答案是正确的，而Prep答案值得商榷，请大牛们斧正，thank u in advance O(∩_∩)O

112.
(29286-!-item-!-188;#058&003696) (GWD 26-Q31)

Which of the following most logically completes the argument?

When people engage in activities that help others, their brain releases endorphins, the brain’s natural opiates, which induce in people a feeling of well-being. It has been suggested that regular release of endorphins increases people’s longevity, and a statistic on adults who regularly engage in volunteer work helping others shows that they live longer, on average, than adults who do not volunteer. However, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity, because __________.

A. in the communities studied, women were much more likely to do regular volunteer work than men were, and women tend to live longer than men do

B. the number of young adults who do regular volunteer work is on the increase

C. the feelings of well-being induced by endorphins can, at least for a time, mask the symptoms of various conditions and diseases, provided the symptoms are mild

D. it is rare for a person to keep up a regular schedule of volunteer work throughout his or her life

E. some people find that keeping a commitment to do regular volunteer work becomes a source of stress in their lives

Prep: A

GWD: C

作者: southnorth 时间: 2009-4-8 15:24
C

作者: 古韵 时间: 2009-4-8 17:57
谢谢您的关注，还有其他大牛愿意分享吗？谢谢！！！

作者: alohabrian 时间: 2009-4-8 19:33

A提供一个他因，说的是在调查的志愿者中，大部分是女性，女性寿命本来就比较长。（与原文所述的参加 volunteering激发endorphins，是人们长寿没有关系）

也就是说，调查者之所以长寿和 volunteering没有关系的，是因为志愿者作为女性本来寿命就长。也就是 volunteering不一定是人们长寿。

C倒是很tricky的选项，不过仔细想想，即使人们得了其他的disease，也不影响他们通过参加volunteering来提高自己的寿命。

也就是说，C成不成立，都和判断volunteering是否可以帮助增加寿命的无关，不能为 volunteering不帮助人们增加寿命提供他因。

所以C是out of scope的。

作者: 古韵 时间: 2009-4-8 20:01

请教楼上：本文哪里有说女性寿命本来就比较长，A似乎只是在说：女性常做义工，她们更长寿。此项并没有说她们先天就更长寿。鄙人对A的理解是：女性常做义工导致了其更长寿，是一个support的选项，但非explanation.

请大家集思广益，O(∩_∩)O谢谢！！！

作者: alohabrian 时间: 2009-4-8 20:09

in the communities studied, women were much more likely to do regular volunteer work than men were, and women tend to live longer than men do

这句话应该是表达我所说的意思，你注意看划线句时态是一般现在时，而且连词用and。

划线句应该只是陈述一个事实，而不是前半句的结果。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-8 20:10:03编辑过]

作者: 古韵 时间: 2009-4-8 20:19

呵呵，谢谢alohabrian的关注 O(∩_∩)O

I don't mean to annoy u but, I find it hard to be convinced.

Open to discussion...

作者: hang13 时间: 2009-4-8 21:04

PREP肯定是对的

A是他因

我当时就是这么记的

呵呵

作者: southnorth 时间: 2009-4-9 10:11
A肯定不对，表示因果关系，由于女性经常参加，所以活得更长。大牛看看我翻译得对么

作者: alohabrian 时间: 2009-4-9 10:12
A不是表因果的，看我上面的分析。

作者: southnorth 时间: 2009-4-9 10:27
表因果有什么不可以呢？

作者: jbyupei 时间: 2009-4-9 20:39

当我们判断 “A导致B”是否真时，有这么三种情况，一种加强，两种削弱

A 确实导致 B 加强

B 导致 A 削弱

C 导致B 且 C 导致 A 削弱

A选项正说的是第三种

作者: jbyupei 时间: 2009-4-9 20:43
顶一下 10楼的，说的挺好

作者: 蚊子漫步 时间: 2010-5-7 14:56
刚才翻到国外论坛的解释，此题相当于weaken，即削弱volunteering导致长寿。

in any passage that takes CORRELATION and concludes CAUSATION, that connection can be destroyed if either:
(a) the causation actually runs the other way around (i.e., the passage concludes that X causes Y, but in actuality Y causes X);
(b) the two correlated things are both results of some third, not considered, confounding factor.
选项C： the sex of the volunteers is the "third, not considered, thing" that destroys the hypothesis of causal connection between volunteerism and long life.

这个解释我觉得比较合理，大家看下

作者: Ank 时间: 2010-5-7 20:10
However, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity, because __________.

为什么相当于削弱？
它不是问说即使志愿者行为没有导致寿命更长，这个统计调查也应该是我们预计的样子，因为------
是这么翻译么？

作者: sophiacoming 时间: 2010-9-10 21:56
However, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity, because __________.

即使志愿者行为没有导致寿命更长，统计结果（they live longer, on average, than adults who do not volunteer）不变，因为_＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。

即为对志愿者寿命更长找个新理由——> 否定原文的因果关系，找他因——>weaken

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