177.
(24315-!-item-!-188;#058&000969)
B D
In her 26 years in the forests of Gombe, Jane Goodall collected data that proved that chimpanzees exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
A. exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
B. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitating and practicing
C. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
D. exhibit the kind of curiosity by which new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
E. exhibit the kind of curiosity where new patterns of behavior and expression are passed on to others by imitation and practice
正确答案是d。我选B,
请问
1.。B 时态上有无讲究，能否区分？
2.by 后面+VING 还是加抽象名称？
请高人指点。谢谢
By should be followed, in this case, by the nouns. As if it was followed by the verbs, the objects of these verbs would appear. Then A, B are wrong.
In my opinion, the verb tense should be taken into consideration in this sentence, then B, C are wrong. The reason is that: the fact which is proved should be in the present verb tense, or the past verb tense, if the author think it is necessary to be coherant with "proved". In any case could not the verb tense be the future tense.
Then you should choose from D and E. It is clear that where could not modify curiosity.
写的太好了，谢谢！
By should be followed, in this case, by the nouns. As if it was followed by the verbs, the objects of these verbs would appear. Then A, B are wrong.
In my opinion, the verb tense should be taken into consideration in this sentence, then B, C are wrong. The reason is that: the fact which is proved should be in the present verb tense, or the past verb tense, if the author think it is necessary to be coherant with "proved". In any case could not the verb tense be the future tense.
Then you should choose from D and E. It is clear that where could not modify curiosity.
请教：1.D中的by which， which是指代的什么呢，是后面的new patterns吗
2. C错在哪里呢，除了will的时态错了之外，so that的用法有没有问题呢。
请NN指点
which 指代curiosity。。。
so that 强调后面引出的结果是由前面整句话所导致的。
而by which仅仅是说curiosity导致了后面的动作。。。
2者意思有区别！
In her 26 years in the forests of Gombe, Jane Goodall collected data that proved that chimpanzees exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
A. exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing 前面都没有什么错误 关键错在by imitating and practicing 它的逻辑主语new patterns是不能主动发出这样的动作 在prep320中也有考到by后面跟doing还是名词 from each one to others不如from one to another好
B. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitating and practicing 比A更好 但是同样错在by imitating and practicing上C. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
D. exhibit the kind of curiosity by which new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice 改变句意 new patterns can be passed on并不是by curiosity而是 前面整个exhibit the kind of curiosity这件事 而且原句强调so that是有个因果关系在里面 这里也削弱了这层意思
E. exhibit the kind of curiosity where new patterns of behavior and expression are passed on to others by imitation and practice关系词用的不对where 少了情态动词can 当原句中有情态动词时 正确选项也是一定要有情态动词的 others在这里指代不清A 中的from each one to others也是错的。
一、
V-ing本身有正在進行之意思，但是介係詞之後的動詞卻又一定要變形成為V-ing，因此若句意邏輯上為過去式，為了避免使用V-ing造成句意的歧異，可以改成用有完整主動詞的子句或介係詞+名詞的形式來表達。（PP1-99）（PP1-177）--> 因此 by imitating and practicing不好，要用 by imitate and practice.
例如，
若用 result from….，其後接的是已經發生的事情，因此不喜用V-ing。
Suffer from + A，
表示遭受了A（A是已經發生的結果），也不喜用V-ing。這樣表達不好：
Creatures of the seabed were suffering from
dwindling food supplies,
possibly resulting from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.
改成這樣較好：Creatures of the seabed were suffering
because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in sea surface temperatures during the same period.
二、
….so that….，表示
因此 (表目的)。與本句的句意不合。
本句句意邏輯應該是 藉由這些好奇心，新的行為模式和表情可以被一個傳給一個。
by which( 指代好奇心) --> by the curiosity, new patterns...(O)
用 so that 就變成 「有好奇心的目的是將新的行為模式和表情一個傳給一個」（怪異）。
三、
陳述事實的動詞時態，用簡單現在時 即可，不需要用未來式。
177. (24315-!-item-!-188;#058&000969) 動詞時態、修飾語錯誤修飾、語意邏輯連慣性、介係詞＋V-ing會在時態上與句意產生歧異，此時用介係詞＋名詞
較佳。
In her 26 years in the forests of Gombe, Jane Goodall collected data that proved that chimpanzees exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
A. exhibit（O）the kind of curiosity so that（so that….，表示
因此 (表目的)。與本句的句意不合。） new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each（累贅） one to others by imitating and practicing（X，句意上沒有正在進行的意思，因此用V-ing的形式不好）
B. will exhibit（基本上在陳述一項事實，用現在簡單式即可） the kind of curiosity so that（so that….，表示
因此 (表目的)。與本句的句意不合。） new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitating and practicing（X，句意上沒有正在進行的意思，因此用V-ing的形式不好）
C. will exhibit
（基本上在陳述一項事實，用現在簡單式即可）the kind of curiosity so that（so that….，表示
因此 (表目的)。與本句的句意不合。） new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice（O）
D. exhibit（O） the kind of curiosity by which（O） new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice（O）
E. exhibit（O） the kind of curiosity where（錯誤，where不能指代curiosity） new patterns of behavior and expression are passed on to others by imitation and practice（O）
如果是被证明是某一自然规律或现象,无论前面是过去还是将来,这个规律的内容都用动词原形表示.
如果是被证明是某一自然规律或现象,无论前面是过去还是将来,这个规律的内容都用动词原形表示.
同意，另外关于by doing和by noun.，我记得在哪里看到过，如果有by后面的这个词有名词形式，就用名词，实在迫不得已再用doing，这样的理解对么？
不过，我也认为，应该从句子中的逻辑主语看by后面的词，如果存在逻辑主动关系，可以用doing。
In her 26 years in the forests of Gombe, Jane Goodall collected data that proved that chimpanzees exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
A. exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing 前面都没有什么错误 关键错在by imitating and practicing 它的逻辑主语new patterns是不能主动发出这样的动作 在prep320中也有考到by后面跟doing还是名词 from each one to others不如from one to another好
B. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitating and practicing 比A更好 但是同样错在by imitating and practicing上C. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
D. exhibit the kind of curiosity by which new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice 改变句意 new patterns can be passed on并不是by curiosity而是 前面整个exhibit the kind of curiosity这件事 而且原句强调so that是有个因果关系在里面 这里也削弱了这层意思
E. exhibit the kind of curiosity where new patterns of behavior and expression are passed on to others by imitation and practice关系词用的不对where 少了情态动词can 当原句中有情态动词时 正确选项也是一定要有情态动词的 others在这里指代不清
D is better than C.
1. "by which" is used to emphasize "curiosity" which is respondent to "the kind of". If "so that" is better, the sentence will be "exhibit curiosity so that..."
2. future tense should be "would" in C
这个道理我今天才明白
被动语态中同样可以用by doing的 prep320中有一题就是这样
同意 但是及物动词的话 后面要有宾语
1 表研究成果用一般现在时（主句中用过去时，从句中用的别的时态的复合结构，这是三大理由从句用一般现在是居多---1表客观真理2 表统计资料和研究成果3 表政府法令法规和规章制度）
2by是介词，据XDF，做介词的宾语一般用N
这题意思没明白，究竟是 new patterns... can be passed by curiosity 还是new patterns... can be passed by imitation..
当时看到D中有两个by 认为会产生修饰歧义就直接cross out
是说new patterns can be passed by curiosity 通过（by）模仿和实践的方式？
麻烦大家确定一下 ~
A 中的from each one to others也是错的。
是说each one 不和others用吗？
这题意思没明白，究竟是 new patterns... can be passed by curiosity 还是new patterns... can be passed by imitation..
当时看到D中有两个by 认为会产生修饰歧义就直接cross out
是说new patterns can be passed by curiosity 通过（by）模仿和实践的方式？
麻烦大家确定一下 ~
newjoshkao
的解释很好～～
One…another some…others/ other + n复数 each…（the）other…
In her 26 years in the forests of Gombe, Jane Goodall collected data that proved that chimpanzees exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
A. exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
B. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitating and practicing
C. will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
D. exhibit the kind of curiosity by which new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
E. exhibit the kind of curiosity where new patterns of behavior and expression are passed on to others by imitation and practice
D 中kind of curiosity by which new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
如果还原变为new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice by curiosity 这样句子用两个by连接，是不是正确阿
newjoshkao 发表于 2009-4-28 10:18
一、 V-ing本身有正在進行之意思，但是介係詞之後的動詞卻又一定要變形成為V-ing，因此若句意邏輯上為 ...
polkme 发表于 2010-10-2 17:12
这里有两个BY，如果把这句定语从句by which .....by imitation and practice 还原出来是什么样子？是不是变 ...
selenemoon 发表于 2013-8-29 03:03
同问，感觉如果这个by是exhibit sth by sth的话，那不就成了exhibit curiosity by curiosity了吗？ ...
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