ChaseDream

标题: [讨论]请教关于比较题(主语比较与宾语比较的区别) [打印本页]

作者: grape262001    时间: 2009-2-3 13:06
标题: [讨论]请教关于比较题(主语比较与宾语比较的区别)

在比较题里,我觉得最重要的就是首先要判断这道题是比较主语,还是比较宾语,或是介词短语的比较。但由于借此短语的比较比较简单,所以这里我只想请教一下关于主语比较和宾语比较的问题。

现举一例!PP-2-25

25. (25704-!-item-!-188;#058&002607)

There is a widespread belief in the United States and Western Europe that young people have a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents and that the source of the change lies in the collapse of the "work ethic."

 

(A) a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(B) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(C) a smaller commitment to work and a career than that of their parents and grandparents

(D) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents had

(E) a lessening of the commitment to work and a career that their parents and grandparents had

此题答案为D,当时我选的是C,认为这道题比较的是宾语,比较的是COMMITMENT的大和小。题意是说年轻人比他们的父辈对工作的贡献要小。

可是这道题的答案很明显是主语比较。

所以我对于主语比较和宾语比较的区别比较疑惑!

请不吝赐教!感激不尽!


作者: grape262001    时间: 2009-2-3 18:26
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
作者: yuminjia    时间: 2009-2-3 19:33
以下是引用grape262001在2009-2-3 13:06:00的发言:

在比较题里,我觉得最重要的就是首先要判断这道题是比较主语,还是比较宾语,或是介词短语的比较。但由于借此短语的比较比较简单,所以这里我只想请教一下关于主语比较和宾语比较的问题。

现举一例!PP-2-25

25. (25704-!-item-!-188;#058&002607)

There is a widespread belief in the United States and Western Europe that young people have a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents and that the source of the change lies in the collapse of the "work ethic."

 

 

(A) a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(B) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(C) a smaller commitment to work and a career than that of their parents and grandparents

(D) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents had

(E) a lessening of the commitment to work and a career that their parents and grandparents had

此题答案为D,当时我选的是C,认为这道题比较的是宾语,比较的是COMMITMENT的大和小。题意是说年轻人比他们的父辈对工作的贡献要小。

此题答案为D,当时我选的是C,认为这道题比较的是宾语,比较的是COMMITMENT的大和小。题意是说年轻人比他们的父辈对工作的贡献要小。

可是这道题的答案很明显是主语比较。

可是这道题的答案很明显是主语比较。

所以我对于主语比较和宾语比较的区别比较疑惑!

所以我对于主语比较和宾语比较的区别比较疑惑!

请不吝赐教!感激不尽!

请不吝赐教!感激不尽!

如果这里是宾语比较的话 C中的that of their parents and grandparents 是不平行于commitment的 /前面的宾语和主语并不是所有格 of的关系


作者: tonect    时间: 2009-2-3 20:46

呵呵,我来试着解答一下啊,用我自己总结的比较结构的东西

做比较结构的题的时候

1、先看一下than的两边是什么结构,如上题是“主谓宾”结构

2、看比较主语,也就是than前面的那个句子的主语是什么,(比较主语不一定是比较双方)

3、再看比较内容,由于是“主谓宾”结构,比较内容一般情况下可能是主语、宾语、状语(比如程度)

4、然后补全比较句式,对于上题,属于“主谓宾”结构,且比较内容是宾语,那么than后面加比较主语+谓语助动词(尽量补足)

比较内容是状语时,比较句式也同上

那上题那个例子young people have less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents had,

比较主语是young people和 their parents and grandparents

比较内容是宾语 a commitment(to work and a career)

后面的比较句式就应该是另一个比较主语their parents and grandparents+助动词had

再来几个例子 新东方蓝皮

part II 71 trade unions encountered far more intense opposition in their struggle for social legtimacy than did the organized labor movements

part I 46 they requires less medication and gain weight more quickly than those...,这个比较内容有两个,分别是宾语和状语

有的时候比较内容是状语时,than后面的比较句式可以省略比较主语和谓语

比如part I 150 的C项 N's army entered Russia with far more supplies than they had(错)for any previous campaign,你会发现后面的比较句式有两个错误,一是they没有指代对象,二是助动词没有补全,即使用过去完成时也应该是had done。所以正确的应该是把they had去掉 虽然你会发现than的右边没有任何句式了,只有一个状语for any previous campaign,但在意思上依然构成了比较,同时句式也没有错误,因此是正确的

这是我自己的总结,欢迎大家指正错误


作者: grape262001    时间: 2009-2-3 21:00

摘抄摘抄……谢谢先!

看来,比较题不光要看比较的内容,连比较的形式也要多多注意吧。


作者: grape262001    时间: 2009-2-3 21:15
以下是引用tonect在2009-2-3 20:46:00的发言:

4、然后补全比较句式,对于上题,属于“主谓宾”结构,且比较内容是宾语,那么than后面加比较主语+谓语助动词(尽量补足)

又再看了一遍,关于你的第四点,我有点小意见。我觉得如果做题根据这个原则的话,会有一点问题。

1、在than前面出现宾语的情况下,进行主语比较,是一定要有谓语动词的。

2、按照上述说法,宾语比较,补全主语和谓语;那么主语比较呢?是不是要补全谓语和宾语?答案是不,通常都只是用THAT或者THOSE来代替主语。一般都是会省略宾语的。而有时也同样会省略谓语。

所以按照先补全再省略会不会有点混乱啊?

请指教!


作者: grape262001    时间: 2009-2-3 21:20

而且,有很多宾语比较的题目是没有补出主语和谓语的。

比较那道很著名的rice题。

正确的句子是

In addition to having more protein than wheat does, rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat, with more of amino acids essential to the human diet.


作者: tonect    时间: 2009-2-3 21:41
以下是引用grape262001在2009-2-3 21:15:00的发言:

又再看了一遍,关于你的第四点,我有点小意见。我觉得如果做题根据这个原则的话,会有一点问题。

1、在than前面出现宾语的情况下,进行主语比较,是一定要有谓语动词的。

2、按照上述说法,宾语比较,补全主语和谓语;那么主语比较呢?是不是要补全谓语和宾语?答案是不,通常都只是用THAT或者THOSE来代替主语。一般都是会省略宾语的。而有时也同样会省略谓语。

所以按照先补全再省略会不会有点混乱啊?

请指教!

如果比较主语就是比较内容的话最简单了,就如你所说,通常用that或者those代替,还有就是大多数情况下谓语是要补全的,如果所有选项中都没有补全谓语,那么就不用计较这一点了。如果有的话,补全的要好于没有补全的,做的替大多数都是这样(不过我做的题不多,如果有个别的也说不定呢)


作者: tonect    时间: 2009-2-3 22:08
以下是引用grape262001在2009-2-3 21:20:00的发言:

而且,有很多宾语比较的题目是没有补出主语和谓语的。

比较那道很著名的rice题。

正确的句子是

In addition to having more protein than wheat does, rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat, with more of amino acids essential to the human diet.

郁闷,刚才打了那么多,结果错按了返回,全没了,重新打吧。。。

谢谢指教啊,看来我总结的还不够全

在大多数情况下,than两边的句式应该是相同的,偶尔也有例外,比如我上面举的那个part I 150的例子,再给你举一个例子

Part II 26 charter V often turn out to cost considerably more than they originally seemed. 这个比较结构than两边谓语也不一样,但在意思上构成了比较。所以我认为,比较结构只要在意思上构成比较,并不一定拘泥于两边是相同的句式,但是重点在比较内容必须具有可比性。

但是你举的这个例子rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat 既可以用比较内容是宾语的句式,也可用比较内容是定语的句式

1、如果用比较内容是定语的句式 就像这句话一样,than 后面用 that in wheat即可。分析如下,你把这句话看成是rice has protein。of higher quality是定语,现在你把rice has protein这句话的宾语(有关protein的部分)看成一个整体,你会发现比较结构是嵌在整个宾语里的。比谁high——比that in wheat,也就是拿protein和that in wheat比了

再给你举个这样的例子partI 112 D-a-m have invested dollars into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient than those at present

2、如果用比较内容是宾语的句式,那么than后面直接用does wheat即可,这就和我上面的总结的一样了

你看这道题的OG解释: Choice E needs either that in or does
                    
after wheat to make a complete and logical comparison.这就是分别看成两种比较内容了,用that in或does 都对


作者: grape262001    时间: 2009-2-4 13:46
以下是引用tonect在2009-2-3 22:08:00的发言:

但是你举的这个例子rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat 既可以用比较内容是宾语的句式,也可用比较内容是定语的句式

1、如果用比较内容是定语的句式 就像这句话一样,than 后面用 that in wheat即可。分析如下,你把这句话看成是rice has protein。of higher quality是定语,现在你把rice has protein这句话的宾语(有关protein的部分)看成一个整体,你会发现比较结构是嵌在整个宾语里的。比谁high——比that in wheat,也就是拿protein和that in wheat比了

再给你举个这样的例子partI 112 D-a-m have invested dollars into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient than those at present

2、如果用比较内容是宾语的句式,那么than后面直接用does wheat即可,这就和我上面的总结的一样了

你看这道题的OG解释: Choice E needs either that in or does
after wheat to make a complete and logical comparison.这就是分别看成两种比较内容了,用that in或does 都对

首先非常感谢tonect这两天一直跟我讨论关于比较的问题,小女子受益匪浅。

 

我想对于主语同时变化的宾语比较,如果再细分为定语比较或是宾语比较的话,我觉得过于复杂了。

 

所以有一点简单的浅见:关于宾语比较有两种方式,第一种用that代替宾语后面加介词说明同时变化的主语;第二种即是补足主谓。一般选项中出现其中一种的时候,取其一;当两种同时出现的时候,则看整句话的平行结构,举个例子来说,rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat 如果此时有一个选项是 rice has protein of higher quality than wheat has. 那么正确答案应该是后一个。因为,前一种用that代替宾语的方式后面用了in的介词短语,与前面的主谓宾结构不对称。

 

从而也就可以看出为什么PP2-25的答案是D了。 

25. (25704-!-item-!-188;#058&002607)

There is a widespread belief in the United States and Western Europe that young people have a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents and that the source of the change lies in the collapse of the "work ethic."

(A) a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(B) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(C) a smaller commitment to work and a career than that of their parents and grandparents

(D) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents had

(E) a lessening of the commitment to work and a career that their parents and grandparents had

 

 

不知道tonect是否同意我的拙见?

 

 


作者: tonect    时间: 2009-2-8 00:09
从而也就可以看出为什么PP2-25的答案是D了。 

25. (25704-!-item-!-188;#058&002607)

There is a widespread belief in the United States and Western Europe that young people have a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents and that the source of the change lies in the collapse of the "work ethic."

(A) a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(B) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents

(C) a smaller commitment to work and a career than that of their parents and grandparents

(D) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents had

(E) a lessening of the commitment to work and a career that their parents and grandparents had

不知道tonect是否同意我的拙见?

你说:举个例子来说,rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat 如果此时有一个选项是 rice has protein of higher quality than wheat has. 那么正确答案应该是后一个。因为,前一种用that代替宾语的方式后面用了in的介词短语,与前面的主谓宾结构不对称。

我不是很认同,我觉得要是出现个than wheat does的选项,那这两个选项都正确,都说的过去啊,没有不对称,只不过是两个范围内的比较结构而已啊!

我发现你提的问题总是这么尖锐啊,为了个比较结构咱们找了不少例子,然后一对比,看了这道题我又晕了

用了that 的两个句子是

rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat (正确)

D-a-m have invested dollars into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient than those at present (正确)

young people have a smaller commitment to work and a career than that of their parents and grandparents (错误)

哎,反正第三个句子怎么读怎么觉得两边不具有可比性

会不会是定语没后置的问题啊?

如果把这个题的选项改成,commitment less than that of their parents and grandparents,把less后置的话,感觉更像是把定语部分看成一个整体,你怎么想?

但是如果就直接按顺序说的话,我认为更倾向于比较范围是整句话,所以我认为C选项不对称,(貌似带了点感觉成分,反正读的时候就觉得than后面应该加句子

呵呵,说到最后感觉乱七八糟的了,实在不好意思。对了,还有一点,我做这道题的时候,我觉得small用的也不好,不如less


作者: grape262001    时间: 2009-2-8 13:16

tonect,简单的看了一下你的回帖,同意吧,还要谢谢你。但是我实在是不能在和你深入讨论比较的问题了。

因为本来因为觉得准备的还不是很充分,所以想要推迟考试的,可是因为看错了中文,导致没有办法推迟了。不知道是不是英文看多了产生的副作用呢。

距离考试只剩下3天了,所以我只能把最后宝贵的时间奉献给作文和机经了。

GOD BLESS ME!


作者: tonect    时间: 2009-2-8 18:51

祝你成功!希望听到你的好消息!grape262001~


作者: alohabrian    时间: 2009-2-8 23:33
(C) a smaller commitment to work and a career than that of their parents and grandparents

C的错误,我认为不在于补出,而在于划线的问题。以及smaller

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-2-8 23:36:39编辑过]

作者: ike982003    时间: 2011-5-6 16:46
为啥补出的助动词是had不是did?
作者: 逆水潜龙    时间: 2011-12-1 09:17
想爆头了·谁来救我?什么时候是主语比较,什么时候宾语比较




欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/) Powered by Discuz! X3.3