184. Building large new hospitals in the bistate area would constitute a wasteful use of resources, on the basis of avoidance of duplicated facilities alone.
(A) on the basis of avoidance of duplicated facilities alone
(B) on the grounds of avoiding duplicated facilities alone
(C) solely in that duplicated facilities should be avoided
(D) while the duplication of facilities should be avoided（E）
(E) if only because the duplication of facilities should be avoided
184, 补充-029
Choices A and B are unclear and imprecise: on the basis of avoidance… and on the grounds of avoiding … do not present reasons that support the statement in the main clause, and alone seems illogically to modify duplicated facilities. Also, duplicated facilities in A, B, and C identifies the problem with the facilities that have been duplicated, not with the act of duplicating facilities; for example, C apparently advises people to avoid facilities that have been duplicated. In D, while establishes no logical relation between the main clause and the rest of the sentence. E is best: if only because introduces a reason for the preceding statement, and the remainder of the answer choice is logically worded. The question is difficult.
Longman:
if only: used to give a reason for something, although you think it is not a good one
example: Media studies is regarded as a more exciting subject, if only because it's new.
我想请教一下大家，过去分词做定语是不是无论什么时候都是同时兼有完成+被动的含义？这题我就看了觉得是被动，没有想到已完成这个方面
那么现在分词做定语也是兼有正在进行和主动的含义同时共存了的么？？
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