24. Until
recently it was thought that ink used before the sixteenth century did
not contain titanium. However, a new type of analysis detected titanium
in the ink of the famous Bible printed by Johannes Gutenberg and in
that of another fifteenth-century Bible known as B-36, though not in
the ink of any of numerous other fifteenth-century books analyzed. This
finding is of great significance, since it not only strongly supports
the hypothesis that B-36 was printed by Gutenberg but also shows that
the presence of titanium in the ink of the purportedly fifteenth
century Vinland Map can no longer be regarded as a reason for doubting
the map’s authenticity.
The reasoning in the passage is vulnerable to criticism on the ground that
(A)
the results of the analysis are interpreted as indicating that the use
of titanium as an ingredient in fifteenth-century ink both was, and was
not, extremely restricted
(B)
if the technology that makes it possible to detect titanium in printing
ink has only recently become available, it is unlikely that printers or
artists in the fifteenth century would know whether their ink contained
titanium or not
(C)
it is unreasonable to suppose that determination of the date and
location of a document’s printing or drawing can be made solely on the
basis of the presence or absence of a single element in the ink used in
the document
(D)
both the B-36 Bible and the Vinland Map are objects that can be
appreciated on their own merits whether or not the precise date of
their creation or the identity of the person who made them is known
(E)
the discovery of titanium in the ink of the Vinland Map must have
occurred before titanium was discovered in the ink of the Gutenberg
Bible and the B-36 Bible
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