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标题: 大全985 [打印本页]

作者: zjw007 时间: 2004-1-27 16:25
标题: 大全985
985. Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.

(A) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark
(B) see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, whose different colors mark
(C) been seeing layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, whose different colors are markers of
(D) been able to see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors marking
(E) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, marking by different colors

ans: D, why not A? Thanks!

作者: delldell 时间: 2004-1-27 23:53
我也觉着是A, 哪位给解释一下?

作者: alfred4044 时间: 2004-1-28 11:20
Adverbial phrase "with..." shuld not be used here because it has no verb to modify. I prefer choice C, although the tense of the sentence sounds weird.

作者: zjw007 时间: 2004-1-28 15:41
anybody got idea?

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-1-29 14:08
偶觉得可能是A中间 that 限定性定语从句不好吧。OG中也有一句这样的，但是那一句还有别的错误。 007 你问的题目太tricky 啦。昏。

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-1-29 21:45
In fact, I had also choosed answer A. However, after I had reconcider the standard answer, I found choice D applies absolute structure(独立主格结构), so it avoids the confusion of a preposition phrase that no subject is available for the preposition phrase. 'with' can actually be omitted.

As for choice C, 'see' is a stative verb, which is not available in present tense, not to say perfect present tense. Moreover, 'are marker of' is not as concise as 'mark'.

Is my opinion right?

作者: zjw007 时间: 2004-1-30 18:20
是不是意思上的差别？到底color 是主语还是canyon是？
谁能翻译一下这个句字

作者: zjw007 时间: 2004-1-30 18:20
晕

作者: dingxiang 时间: 2008-7-2 15:17

以下是引用tianwan在2004-1-29 21:45:00的发言：
In fact, I had also choosed answer A. However, after I had reconcider the standard answer, I found choice D applies absolute structure(独立主格结构), so it avoids the confusion of a preposition phrase that no subject is available for the preposition phrase. 'with' can actually be omitted.

As for choice C, 'see' is a stative verb, which is not available in present tense, not to say perfect present tense. Moreover, 'are marker of' is not as concise as 'mark'.

Is my opinion right?

虽然大全解释上说:

Kaplan gmat 800上答案是A

解释抄录如下：

The key to getting the right answer for this question is recognizing that the underlined portion of the sentence should not contain pronoun. The answer choices give you the option of replacing with different colors with whose different colors but the second option is wrong because, if you added whose, it could refer to thelayers or the Canon, and whenever a pronoun has more than one possible antecedent (the thing it refer to), it's used incorrectly. Eliminate (B) and (C). (A) is correct.

Eliminate (E) as well because the subject of "marking" is similarly unclear; is it the layer or the Canyon this is marking the passage of time? And (A) is better than (D) because, once again, see is better than the wordier alternative been able to see.

虽然我认为正如Kaplan所说, D的been able to se很罗嗦,但是问题在于A的with结构修饰是否适当?

我认为应该是D,这里的考点是到底用with的独立结构还是用with+N

从我看到的有限的OG+大全的例子, 我的感觉是:with+N,可以作状语，也可以作定语；在with前部如果有动词结构时，优先考虑with作状语，修饰前最近的一个主谓结构，这里所指的主谓结构不一定是主句主语和主句谓语，因为更靠近with的完全有可能是子句的主语和动词。(结合了NN的小结)

而 with 还有另外一种结构, 独立主格结构, 其形式为with + n+n/分词/介词短语/形容词/形容词短语 (本题也就是D的结构),

两种结构在修饰上的差别是前者不可以跳跃修饰, 后者可以(动物园里猴子吊在树上的那题)

而这个恰好是A和D的区别, A用的就是 with+N根据上面的原则,其修饰基本上是修饰主谓结构,也就是those See,歧义, 而D是独立主格结构,可以跳跃,修饰layer

所以我支持D(尽管有albe的罗嗦,但至少没有歧义)

作者: dingxiang 时间: 2008-7-2 15:18

狂邹了一番

请大家多多讨论啊

这GMAT实在变化太多了, 简直要把人逼疯了

作者: dingxiang 时间: 2008-7-3 08:56

upup

大家讨论讨论啊~~~~~~~~

作者: AlienX 时间: 2008-7-3 13:27
OG10中有"..., with...that..."structure的句子只有一個...比較難去總結...
以下是OG10中有"..., with...that..."structure的對的句子:

Stating a condition
25.     The end of the eighteenth century saw the emergence of prize-stock breeding, with individual bulls and cows receiving awards, fetching unprecedented prices, and exciting enormous interest whenever they were put on show.
104.    The diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian--vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.

Adverb
90.     Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begun paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.
113.    Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.
114.    From the bark of the paper birch tree the Menomini crafted a canoe about twenty feet long and two feet wide, with small ribs and rails of cedar, which could carry four persons or eight hundred pounds of baggage yet was so light that a person could easily portage it around impeding rapids.

Adjective
19.     In addition to having more protein than wheat does, rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to the human diet.
179.    During the early years of European settlement on a continent that was viewed as "wilderness" by the newcomers, Native Americans, with their intimate knowledge of the ecology of the land, helped to rescue many Pilgrims and pioneers from hardship, or even death.
205.    The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is known as "standing waves."

作者: dingxiang 时间: 2008-7-3 13:50

谢谢AlienX， 把OG找出来了，请看看我的comments，多多指教， thanks in advance

以下是引用AlienX在2008-7-3 13:27:00的发言：
OG10中有"..., with...that..."structure的句子只有一個...比較難去總結...
以下是OG10中有"..., with...that..."structure的對的句子:

Stating a condition
25. The end of the eighteenth century saw the emergence of prize-stock breeding, with individual bulls and cows 【receiving awards, fetching unprecedented prices, and exciting enormous interest whenever they were put on show.】 “with + n+分词”的独立结构， with 就近修饰the emergence of prize-stock breeding

104. The diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian--vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity. “with + n+ 介词短语”的独立结构，with 跳跃修饰 vegetarian

Adverb（？？）
90. Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begun paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.“with + n+分词”的独立结构， with就近修饰a small basic fee，这个不是做begun的状语吧，应该是做a small basic fee的定语

113. Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline. 最典型的“with + n+分词”的独立结构的跳跃修饰，修饰monkeys而非就近修饰branches

114.    From the bark of the paper birch tree the Menomini crafted a canoe about twenty feet long and two feet wide, with
        small ribs and rails of cedar, which could carry four persons or eight hundred pounds of baggage yet was so light that a person could easily portage it around impeding rapids. with＋N做状语, 注意这里不是独立结构（独立结构的形式是with + n +n/分词/介词短语/形容词/形容词短语，这里只是with＋一个N），前面是主谓结构，with修饰 crafted做状语

Adjective
19.     In addition to having more protein than wheat does, rice has protein of higher quality than that in wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to the human diet.with + n＋形容词，跳跃修饰主语rice做定语

179. During the early years of European settlement on a continent that was viewed as "wilderness" by the newcomers, Native Americans, with their intimate knowledge of the ecology of the land, helped to rescue many Pilgrims and pioneers from hardship, or even death. with＋N，with前面没有主谓结构,则做定语,修饰前面的主语NA

205. The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is known as "standing waves." with＋N，with前面没有主谓结构,则做定语,修饰前面的名词flow pattern

作者: AlienX 时间: 2008-7-3 14:21
umm...我覺得25, and 104中的"with..."是表一個絛件, 有點像"given that..."
for example:
25. Given that individual bulls and cows received awards, fetched unprecedented
prices, and excited enormous interest whenever they were put on show, the end of the eighteenth century saw the emergence of prize-stock breeding.
104. Given that meat is a rarity, the diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian--vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes.

Adverb - 副詞 (修飾一個action)
Adjective - 形容詞 (修飾一個noun)

90. 我覺得"with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well"是在修飾paying...
113. "with arms and legs hanging like..."看上去可以修飾monkeys或是sleeping. 我不是很決定....

open to discussion =)

作者: dingxiang 时间: 2008-7-3 14:50

以下是引用AlienX在2008-7-3 14:21:00的发言：
umm...我覺得25, and 104中的"with..."是表一個絛件, 有點像"given that..." 不同意，虽然不知道独立结构是不是可以做条件状语，但25里面肯定不是条件，而是伴随的状态
for example:
25. Given that individual bulls and cows received awards, fetched unprecedented
prices, and excited enormous interest whenever they were put on show, the end of the eighteenth century saw the emergence of prize-stock breeding.

看了看历史帖子，多数意见是同意with结构修饰prize-stock breeding的，表伴随，而不是条件，我觉得可以把这个结构作为prize-stock breeding的补充解释

104. Given that meat is a rarity, the diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian--vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes. 同理，也不是条件，逻辑不通啊，应该还是表vegetarian的补充解释

Adverb - 副詞 (修飾一個action)
Adjective - 形容詞 (修飾一個noun)

90. 我覺得"with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well"是在修飾paying...

这个我倒不敢肯定了，好像都行的说
113. "with arms and legs hanging like..."看上去可以修飾monkeys或是sleeping. 我不是很決定....
也许应该是sleeping把表伴随？

open to discussion =)

作者: AlienX 时间: 2008-7-3 15:01
25. let me think about it and post later..

104. I mean 推理條件...有點因果結構..
因為meat是rarity, 所以the diet of oridnary Greek大部份素食主義者的.
如果要用with meat as a rarity去修飾vegetarian好像有點怪怪...

113. OG11(yellow)上是說修飾monkeys..so you are right. =)

作者: AlienX 时间: 2008-7-3 15:03
我記得LZM上有提過用with...as a condition...
可是LZM的評價不太好...我試一下找找看OG有沒有說...

作者: dingxiang 时间: 2008-7-3 16:23

以下是引用AlienX在2008-7-3 15:03:00的发言：
104. I mean 推理條件...有點因果結構..
因為meat是rarity, 所以the diet of oridnary Greek大部份素食主義者的.
如果要用with meat as a rarity去修飾vegetarian好像有點怪怪...

肯定不对拉

The diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian--vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.

这句话如果要翻译就是G的主食大部分是素食的，（破折号后面都是插入语解释，可以忽略不看而不影响结构）vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes（举例道这里结束，标志是and）， with meat as a rarity偶尔有点肉（进一步解释vegetarian）

OG11的解释
The diet was largely，not wholly, vegetarian，and the final phrase about meat functions as a further explanation of the main clause：the diet…was largely vegetarian…with meat as a rarity

作者: AlienX 时间: 2008-7-3 23:23
OG10's explanation:
The best answer here
must qualify the statement made in the main clause. The diet... was largely
vegetarian: it cannot be treated as part of the list of vegetarian foods.
In other words, the best answer must logically and grammatically attach to the
main clause when the list is omitted.

OG11's explanation:
the
final phrase about meat functions as a further explanation of the main clause：the diet…was largely vegetarian…with meat as a rarity．

hmm...如果我沒有看錯, OG是說"with meat as a rarity"是修飾(qualify)/解釋(explanation)main clause(主句).

作者: dingxiang 时间: 2008-7-4 10:56

同意的

殊途同归嘛

作者: lichabrend 时间: 2008-8-14 11:23
up

作者: lichabrend 时间: 2008-8-14 11:37
up

作者: lichabrend 时间: 2008-8-22 11:11
up

作者: lcy19812000 时间: 2009-1-25 01:24

以下是引用dingxiang在2008-7-2 15:17:00的发言：

虽然大全解释上说:

Kaplan gmat 800上答案是A

解释抄录如下：

虽然我认为正如Kaplan所说, D的been able to se很罗嗦,但是问题在于A的with结构修饰是否适当?

我认为应该是D,这里的考点是到底用with的独立结构还是用with+N

而 with 还有另外一种结构, 独立主格结构, 其形式为with + n+n/分词/介词短语/形容词/形容词短语 (本题也就是D的结构),

两种结构在修饰上的差别是前者不可以跳跃修饰, 后者可以(动物园里猴子吊在树上的那题)

而这个恰好是A和D的区别, A用的就是 with+N根据上面的原则,其修饰基本上是修饰主谓结构,也就是those See,歧义, 而D是独立主格结构,可以跳跃,修饰layer

所以我支持D(尽管有albe的罗嗦,但至少没有歧义)

但是MM，有一个前提条件或者说原则是：独立主格只能作状语，不能作定语。

所以D是独立主格，而且不存在什么跳跃修饰（名词？）的说法。

作者: lcy19812000 时间: 2009-1-26 00:07

今天看了语法，独立主格是可以作状语的。

但是dingxiang说的“，with+N”作状语修饰前面主谓，我却找不到例子。大家帮我找找吧。

我觉得“，with+N”是作定语的。

作者: amelialeaf1 时间: 2009-12-17 00:26
UPUP~~

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2010-9-3 09:04

虽然大全解释上说:
Kaplan gmat 800上答案是A

解释抄录如下：

The key to getting the right answer for this question is recognizing that the underlined portion of the sentence should not contain pronoun. The answer choices give you the option of replacing with different colors with whose different colors but the second option is wrong because, if you added whose, it could refer to thelayers or the Canon, and whenever a pronoun has more than one possible antecedent (the thing it refer to), it's used incorrectly. Eliminate (B) and (C). (A) is correct.

Eliminate (E) as well because the subject of "marking" is similarly unclear; is it the layer or the Canyon this is marking the passage of time? And (A) is better than (D) because, once again, see is better than the wordier alternative been able to see.
虽然我认为正如Kaplan所说, D的been able to se很罗嗦,但是问题在于A的with结构修饰是否适当?
我认为应该是D,这里的考点是到底用with的独立结构还是用with+N
从我看到的有限的OG+大全的例子, 我的感觉是:with+N,可以作状语，也可以作定语；在with前部如果有动词结构时，优先考虑with作状语，修饰前最近的一个主谓结构，这里所指的主谓结构不一定是主句主语和主句谓语，因为更靠近with的完全有可能是子句的主语和动词。(结合了NN的小结)
而 with 还有另外一种结构, 独立主格结构, 其形式为with + n+n/分词/介词短语/形容词/形容词短语 (本题也就是D的结构),
两种结构在修饰上的差别是前者不可以跳跃修饰, 后者可以(动物园里猴子吊在树上的那题)
而这个恰好是A和D的区别, A用的就是 with+N根据上面的原则,其修饰基本上是修饰主谓结构,也就是those See,歧义, 而D是独立主格结构,可以跳跃,修饰layer
所以我支持D(尽管有albe的罗嗦,但至少没有歧义)

-- by 会员 dingxiang (2008/7/2 15:17:00)

dingxiang，独立主格是做状语的，反而A里面如果with + n. + that不是独立主格的话，是可以做非限定性定语修饰layers。
而D里面with + n. + doing 却只能做状语修饰前面的have been able to see...

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