56. (27418-!-item-!-188;#058&003510) 考点：比较，逻辑表达
Unlike crested wheatgrass, an alien species from Siberia that forms only shallow roots and produces tall above-ground shoots, native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but do not grow to be very tall.
(A) native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but do not grow to be very
(B) native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, which allows for their greater enrichment of the soil, but without growing to be that
(C) the root system of native North American grasses is extensive, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but they do not grow to be very
(D) the root system of native North American grasses is more extensive, allowing for the greater enrichment of the soil, but these grasses do not grow to be very
(E) the extensiveness of the root system of native North American grasses allows for their greater enrichment of the soil, but they do not grow to be that
――这道题选A，我的疑问是难道这里的分词短语allowing for 没有既可以做定语，也可以做状语的歧义吗？
请教做这类题怎么进行判断什么时候有歧义，什么时候没有歧义哪。
一直对n+分词短语,这类的题琢磨不透，有的时候说分词有歧义，有的时候反而又可以是正确答案。
谢谢windfalls MM
原来我一直以为，“,doing”结构是做可以做定语也可以作状语，但是经过Asrgbf先生的指点。
我开始认为",doing”在之前有过S+V+O的前提下，最好把它当成 是 “伴随状语”，这种伴随是一种自然而然的，顺理成章的结果，当然也有可能是方式。
具体来说：
这道题目里：当native North American grasses develop an extensive root system。自然的结果就是allowing for greater enrichment of the soil，另外最好不要 把 allowing for
greater enrichment of the soil 看成是修饰 某个 动词的，而是自然 表现 前句内容形成的方式和结果。
如果修饰root system，我觉得就没必要把 ",doing"这种结构放在句尾了。“，doing"是优先做伴随状语的。
如果要修饰root system,改成从句就好了 root system that allows for their greater enrichment of the soil.
另外，即使 ”doing“之前，没有逗号，适当的时候 "doing”结构在gmat里也会被看成伴随状语。
Prep-2-23. (25612-!-item-!-188;#058&002525)
Scientists believe that unlike the males of most species of moth, the male whistling moths of Nambung, Australia, call female moths to them by the use of acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and they attract their mates during the day, rather than at night.
(A) by the use of acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and they attract
(B) by the use of acoustical signals instead of using olfactory ones, and attracting
(C) by using acoustical signals, not using olfactory ones, and by attracting
(D) using acoustical signals, rather than olfactory ones, and attract
(E) using acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and attracting
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
(A) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
(B) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
(C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
(D) mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
(E) mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
答案是C
most of them at least as large as Jupiter, 为插入成分可以去掉，
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling other stars.
这里分词为非限定性修饰。如果是限定性修饰，那么说明还探测到一些massive planets不 circling other stars，这就不和逻辑了；而且去掉这个分词成分，不影响句子理解
这样看现在分词作定语可以有逗号隔开，表示非限定性修饰。
在回到这个题
native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil
为什么分词不能考虑是非限定性修饰呢？而且去掉也不影响理解。
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
(A) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
(B) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
(C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
(D) mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
(E) mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
答案是C
most of them at least as large as Jupiter, 为插入成分可以去掉，
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling other stars.
这里分词为非限定性修饰。如果是限定性修饰，那么说明还探测到一些massive planets不 circling other stars，这就不和逻辑了；而且去掉这个分词成分，不影响句子理解
这样看现在分词作定语可以有逗号隔开，表示非限定性修饰。
在回到这个题
native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil
为什么分词不能考虑是非限定性修饰呢？而且去掉也不影响理解。
我觉得也不一定，比如
prep-188. (26379-!-item-!-188;#058&001961)
Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
A. Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
B. Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
C. Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
D. Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
E. Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
很难说清是做 定语 还是 状语。这和",doing”的位置有关。如果是句末，我觉得是优先做“状语”。
56. (27418-!-item-!-188;#058&003510) 考点：比较，逻辑表达
Unlike crested wheatgrass, an alien species from Siberia that forms only shallow roots and produces tall above-ground shoots, native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but do not grow to be very tall.
(A) native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but do not grow to be very
(B) native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, which allows for their greater enrichment of the soil, but without growing to be that
(C) the root system of native North American grasses is extensive, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but they do not grow to be very
(D) the root system of native North American grasses is more extensive, allowing for the greater enrichment of the soil, but these grasses do not grow to be very
(E) the extensiveness of the root system of native North American grasses allows for their greater enrichment of the soil, but they do not grow to be that
but do not grow to be very tall.
我的问题， but 后面只能接完整句子吗？这but后面没有主语？难道but后面可以省略主语吗？
but什么情况下省略主语？while 还有哪些连词可以省略主语呢？
谢谢
native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but do not grow to be very, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but do not grow to be very
期中allowing for是结果状语 逻辑助于是native North American grasses develop an extensive root system这整个事情 是native NA grasses develop了这样一个extensive root system这件事情allowing for...而不是NA grasses allowing for
OG11上有两处类似的例子 ...bringing...
ing在句尾有两种作用 结果状语和伴随状语 结果状语的逻辑主语是前面整个一件事情 伴随状语是的逻辑主语是句子主语 如果是后置定语就不会用逗号分开而直接跟在修饰名词的后面
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
(A) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
(B) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
(C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
(D) mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
(E) mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
天蝎MM可是像这题，选C，circling。。。后面是做定语修饰Jupiter的，也是用逗号隔开的。
还是觉得原题中allowing...既可做状语又可做定语，请大家继续来讨论下。
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
(A) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
(B) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
(C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
(D) mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
(E) mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
天蝎MM可是像这题，选C，circling。。。后面是做定语修饰Jupiter的，也是用逗号隔开的。
还是觉得原题中allowing...既可做状语又可做定语，请大家继续来讨论下。
这里circling是修饰planets，可以理解为一对逗号只是用来隔开插入语
查了一下Manhattan，对于allowing上面讲现在分词前有逗号，就是用来做副词性质的修饰语修饰前面的句子，跟笔记里说的分两种情况不大一样，
等过两天总结一下这类题，看看到底是怎么回事～
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