30. GWD21-Q30:
In the past, most children who went sledding in the winter snow in Verland used wooden sleds with runners and steering bars. Ten years ago, smooth plastic sleds became popular; they go faster than wooden sleds but are harder to steer and slow. The concern that plastic sleds are more dangerous is clearly borne out by the fact that the number of children injured while sledding was much higher last winter than it was ten years ago.
Which of the following, if true in Verland, most seriously undermines the force of the evidence cited?
A. A few children still use traditional wooden sleds.
B. Very few children wear any kind of protective gear, such as helmets, while sledding.
C. Plastic sleds can be used in a much wider variety of snow conditions than wooden sleds can.
D. Most sledding injuries occur when a sled collides with a tree, a rock, or, another sled.
E. Because the traditional wooden sled can carry more than one rider, an accident involving a wooden sled can result in several children being injured.
正确答案为C
这题看的不大明白,因为10年前用的是塑料滑板,过去用的是木质滑板,到底他们的关系是什么?谁前谁后?
还有最好一句话也没看懂……
请帮忙分析一下,谢谢……
题干的推理过程大概是:N前用木制滑雪板,但10年之前(发生在木制之后)改称塑料的了----塑料的比木头的危险----因为现在滑雪受伤的小孩比10年前多了(也就是采用塑料板之前)
时间轴是:
------------木制---------------塑料-----------------
------------很久以前----------10年前--------现在----
选C的原因是引入他因.C说塑料板的使用范围广,也就是说,使用范围广泛----滑雪次数增加----受伤人数增加,而不一定是由本身安全性引起
结论是塑料滑板比木制滑板更危险,问削弱。我选的是E。。。
这道题,有个时间上的变化:十年前和后
十年前:用的木头的
十年后:用的塑料的
现在应为滑雪受伤的人多了,所以说塑料的雪橇比木头的危险。
问题说怎么样削弱evidence的有效性,削弱evidence有效性就是说这个证据证明不了题目的结论(危险性),那是由什么导致受伤的小孩多了呢?
结论:塑料的雪橇比木头的危险。reason:滑雪受伤的人多了比十年前
assumption:受伤是由于塑料雪橇危险性导致的。我们只要证明受伤多了不是由于塑料危险性导致的即可
ABD十年前后都一样,没变化
E说wooden危险
C说,塑料雪橇使用的范围比木头的广,所以是因为用的次数多了(因为使用范围广),造成了受伤的多,不是因为塑料的比木头危险
逻辑就是:塑料更危险--》受伤的比十年前多,我们找出他因即可
我还是觉得选C的解释有点牵强,总感觉是看了答案再来套解释。
不像其他的逻辑题,不看答案大概也能猜出答案的方向。
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