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标题: 比较两道prep题目,1-106和1-98 [打印本页]

作者: 小胡子乖乖    时间: 2008-8-15 19:55
标题: 比较两道prep题目,1-106和1-98

106
             Officials
                
at
                
the
                
United
                
States
                
Mint
                
believe
                
that
                
the
                
Sacagawea
                
dollar
                
coin
                
will
                
be
                
used
                
more
                
as
                
a substitute
                
for
                
four
                
quarters
                
rather
                
than
                
for
                
the
                
dollar
                
bill
                
because
                
its
                
weight, only
                
8.1
                
grams, is
                
far
                
less than four
                
quarters, which
                
weigh
                
5.67
                
grams
                
each.

(A)
            
more
            
as
            
a
            
substitute
            
for
            
four
            
quarters
            
rather
            
than
            
for
            
the
            
dollar
            
bill
            
because
            
its
            
weight, only
            
8.1
            
grams, is far
            
less
            
than

(B)
            
more
            
as
            
a
            
substitute
            
for
            
four
            
quarters
            
than
            
the
            
dollar
            
bill
            
because
            
it
            
weighs
            
only
            
8.1
            
grams, far
            
lighter than

(C)
            
as
            
a
            
substitute
            
for
            
four
            
quarters
            
more
            
than
            
for
            
the
            
dollar
            
bill
            
because
            
it
            
weighs
            
only
            
8.1
            
grams, far
            
less than

(D)
            
as
            
a
            
substitute
            
for
            
four
            
quarters
            
more
            
than
            
the
            
dollar
            
bill
            
because
            
its
            
weight
            
of
            
only
            
8.1
            
grams
            
is
            
far lighter
            
than
            
it
            
is
            
for

(E)
            
as
            
a
            
substitute
            
more
            
for
            
four
            
quarters
            
rather
            
than
            
for
            
the
            
dollar
            
bill
            
because
            
its
            
weight, only
            
8.1
            
grams, is far
            
less
            
than
            
it
            
is
            
for

98
                 A
                    
decade
                    
after
                    
initiating
                    
the
                    
nation's
                    
most
                    
comprehensive
                    
and
                    
aggressive
                    
antismoking
                    
program, per capita
                        
consumption
                        
of
                        
cigarettes in
                        
California declined from
                        
over
                        
125
                        
packs
                        
annually
                        
per
                        
person
                        
to about
                        
60, a
                        
drop
                        
more
                        
than twice
                        
as
                        
great
                        
as

                    
in
                    
the
                    
nation
                    
as
                    
a whole.

(A)
                
per
                
capita consumption
                
of
                
cigarettes
                
in
                
California
                
declined
                
from
                
over
                
125
                
packs
                
annually
                
per person
                
to
                
about
                
60, a
                
drop
                
more
                
than
                
twice
                
as
                
great
                
as

(B)
                
annual
                
per
                
capita
                
consumption
                
of
                
cigarettes
                
in
                
California
                
declined
                
from
                
over
                
125
                
packs
                
to
                
abou 60, more
                
than
                
twice
                
as
                
great
                
as
                
that

(C)
                
California's
                
annual
                
per
                
capita
                
consumption
                
of
                
cigarettes
                
declined
                
from
                
over
                
125
                
packs
                
per person
                
to
                
about
                
60, more
                
than
                
twice
                
as
                
great
                
as
                
the
                
drop

(D)
                
California has
                
seen
                
per
                
capita
                
consumption
                
of
                
cigarettes
                
decline
                
from
                
over
                
125
                
packs
                
annually to
                
about
                
60, a
                
drop
                
more
                
than
                
twice
                
as
                
great
                
as
                
that

(E)
                
California
                
has
                
seen
                
annual
                
per
                
capita consumption
                
of
                
cigarettes
                
decline
                
from
                
over
                
125
                
packs per
                
person
                
to
                
about
                
60, more
                
than
                
twice
                
as
                
great
                
as
                
that

106的答案是C,98的答案是D

106题中的“, far
                
less than”,显然far是副词,去掉的话就是less than开头的一个独立主格。

而98题中的“, a
                
drop
                
more
                
than”,笔记中专门提到,为了than前后对称,要加上a drop。

谁能帮忙看一下,为何more than引导独立主格的比较结构不可以,而less than就可以呢?

谢谢!


作者: counyo    时间: 2008-8-15 22:15

106题是it
            
weighs
            
far
            
less than

98题要加上a drop,因为说的是drop是XX的两倍,如果不加就变成60是XX的两倍了


作者: rorarora    时间: 2008-8-16 09:04

106不是独立主格呀,

形容词短语修饰相邻的名词....

106可以改成, a weight far lighter than, 在这里语法上是对的,但显然重复;

对于98来说,显然 a drop是指the decline from....to..., 要比用形容词短语明确很多呀。


作者: rorarora    时间: 2008-8-16 09:06

我也有一个疑问,

a decade after initiating...., 这个后面的主语要对应initiating么?

a decade after...也算是壮语喽。


作者: 小胡子乖乖    时间: 2008-8-16 10:38
以下是引用rorarora在2008-8-16 9:06:00的发言:

我也有一个疑问,

a decade after initiating...., 这个后面的主语要对应initiating么?

a decade after...也算是壮语喽。

个人觉得,要的。除非在initiating前面加上the,变成动名词,不然这个现在分词的逻辑主语是不可避免的。


作者: 小胡子乖乖    时间: 2008-8-16 10:40
以下是引用rorarora在2008-8-16 9:04:00的发言:

106不是独立主格呀,

形容词短语修饰相邻的名词....

106可以改成, a weight far lighter than, 在这里语法上是对的,但显然重复;

对于98来说,显然 a drop是指the decline from....to..., 要比用形容词短语明确很多呀。

请问形容词短语修饰相邻名词,和独立主格的区别是什么?

我记得形容词短语本身也可以作独立主格,表主语状态。


作者: 小胡子乖乖    时间: 2008-8-16 11:04

再加一个问题,可能rorarora mm说的a weight far less than有点问题吧?前面并没有a weight这样的名词啊,而且a weight跟four quarters无法直接比较。

而counyo mm说的,it
            
weighs
            
far
            
less than,我想可以说得过去,但还有个问题,从语法上来说,“it
            
weighs
            
only
            
8.1
            
grams, far
            
less than four
            
quarters”,后面不应该有个“do”吗?

感觉这里有歧义,让人误以为8.1 grams和four quarters直接比较,事实上我看题目的时候,就感觉搞不清楚four quarters是跟谁比较。一定要加上do,才算完整的进行了比较啊。不知各位怎么看?


作者: AlienX    时间: 2008-8-16 12:45
umm...可是8.1grams weigh/is far less than four quarters是不可能吧?

作者: Netherlander    时间: 2008-10-15 15:17

因为LEss是副词 只可能修饰前方的WEIGH 所以不出现歧义   


作者: smartsky11    时间: 2009-3-26 23:26
13
作者: smartsky11    时间: 2009-3-28 11:30

up


作者: MJHNIOW    时间: 2009-4-19 15:40
以下是引用小胡子乖乖在2008-8-16 11:04:00的发言:

再加一个问题,可能rorarora mm说的a weight far less than有点问题吧?前面并没有a weight这样的名词啊,而且a weight跟four quarters无法直接比较。

而counyo mm说的,it
   
weighs
   
far
   
less than,我想可以说得过去,但还有个问题,从语法上来说,“it
   
weighs
   
only
   
8.1
   
grams, far
   
less than four
   
quarters”,后面不应该有个“do”吗?

感觉这里有歧义,让人误以为8.1 grams和four quarters直接比较,事实上我看题目的时候,就感觉搞不清楚four quarters是跟谁比较。一定要加上do,才算完整的进行了比较啊。不知各位怎么看?

那位NN来解释解释拜托!!!!


作者: zuozuox    时间: 2009-6-7 23:06
(E)
            
California
            
has
            
seen
            
annual
            
per
            
capita consumption
            
of
            
cigarettes
            
decline
            
from
            
over
            
125
            
packs per
            
person
            
to
            
about
            
60, more
            
than
            
twice
            
as
            
great
            
as
            
that
我觉着98题E错误的原因是per person意思和per capita重复了,至于more than做同位语没什么错



作者: ggghost    时间: 2009-6-8 00:10

106 it weighs (only 8.1 grams) far less than xxx只是一个普通的状语结构

98是宾补结构,如果98没有drop,后面的 短语只能修饰前面的主语,逻辑上就不正确了。


作者: angelautsuzy    时间: 2009-6-8 13:19
不知道我想的对不对,我觉得这两题的比较有点模糊,特别是第一题106。 106比较的主语是it 不是weight。很容易误解成weight。。。打个比方 A weights less than B, 和 B's weight is less than A's weight...
98的比较主语就是 a drop,所以后面要补个主语,可以用drop,或者D E里面的that,这里的that指代 drop。

作者: susieshen    时间: 2009-6-8 15:50
以下是引用ggghost在2009-6-8 0:10:00的发言:

98是宾补结构,如果98没有drop,后面的 短语只能修饰前面的主语,逻辑上就不正确了。

98应该是概括型同位结构吧???a drop用来概括前面说的decline那件事~~

106题,讨论中说,这里面far less是修饰动词weigh作状语的,那么98题中如果把drop去掉了,应该也就是比较级作状语修饰decline了吧?

不知道这样想对不对~~各位指教


作者: lijiahui0422    时间: 2009-7-10 10:02
以下是引用angelautsuzy在2009-6-8 13:19:00的发言:
不知道我想的对不对,我觉得这两题的比较有点模糊,特别是第一题106。 106比较的主语是it 不是weight。很容易误解成weight。。。打个比方 A weights less than B, 和 B's weight is less than A's weight...
98的比较主语就是 a drop,所以后面要补个主语,可以用drop,或者D E里面的that,这里的that指代 drop。

其实106仔细看下是没有歧义的 B's weight is lighter than A's weight 才是正确的表述,less是副词只能修饰动词weigh,不存在名词之间的比较


作者: blackTshirt    时间: 2009-8-13 12:48

回帖太晚了,不过聊胜于无吧

首先more和less只有两个词性:副词或predeterminer.(相当于名词)

more/less当副词的用法:

more/less beautiful than;

more/less当predeterminer的用法:

more/less people;

There are 5 apples here, more/less than those there.

98题中的more than twice as great as 结构中:more 和twice都是副词用来修饰形容词great的,所以不可能做独立主格;做独立主格是要以名词开头

同样106题中,less than在这里也是副词,而不是predeterminer.(楼主也提到了far是副词,副词怎么能修饰名词呢?)

后面半个句子结构是这样子滴:

because it weighs (only 8.1 grams ) far less than four quarters。括号中的内容是补语,可以不要管它的。

可以看出来less than在这里是当副词用的;

在这两个题里面,more和less都是做副词,不是当名词用。


作者: ed88student    时间: 2009-8-20 17:05
以下是引用blackTshirt在2009/8/13 12:48:00的发言:

回帖太晚了,不过聊胜于无吧

首先more和less只有两个词性:副词或predeterminer.(相当于名词)

more/less当副词的用法:

more/less beautiful than;

more/less当predeterminer的用法:

more/less people;

There are 5 apples here, more/less than those there.

98题中的more than twice as great as 结构中:more 和twice都是副词用来修饰形容词great的,所以不可能做独立主格;做独立主格是要以名词开头

同样106题中,less than在这里也是副词,而不是predeterminer.(楼主也提到了far是副词,副词怎么能修饰名词呢?)

后面半个句子结构是这样子滴:

because it weighs (only 8.1 grams ) far less than four quarters。括号中的内容是补语,可以不要管它的。

可以看出来less than在这里是当副词用的;

在这两个题里面,more和less都是做副词,不是当名词用。

less做副词这样看来就完全清楚了!谢谢blackTshirt !
不过有一点,more/less还可以做形容词吧?做比较级的时候.


作者: 妖怪毛毛    时间: 2009-10-26 17:40

作者: 妖怪毛毛    时间: 2009-10-29 19:02

作者: HUZ    时间: 2010-4-3 04:17
回帖太晚了,不过聊胜于无吧
首先more和less只有两个词性:副词或predeterminer.(相当于名词)
more/less当副词的用法:
more/less beautiful than;
more/less当predeterminer的用法:
more/less people;
There are 5 apples here, more/less than those there.
98题中的more than twice as great as 结构中:more 和twice都是副词用来修饰形容词great的,所以不可能做独立主格;做独立主格是要以名词开头
同样106题中,less than在这里也是副词,而不是predeterminer.(楼主也提到了far是副词,副词怎么能修饰名词呢?)
后面半个句子结构是这样子滴:
because it weighs (only 8.1 grams ) far less than four quarters。括号中的内容是补语,可以不要管它的。
可以看出来less than在这里是当副词用的;

在这两个题里面,more和less都是做副词,不是当名词用。
-- by 会员 blackTshirt (2009/8/13 12:48:00)





我觉得这个问题纠结的地方在于(only 8.1 grams)这个句子成分以及weigh是做vt还是vi。

情况1:weigh做vt,则only 8.1 grams 是宾语。这时候必须要 four quarters后面补出动词weigh/do(单复数形式不同不能省略)。所以这就是问题纠结的地方所在,因为如果在这种情况下,C选项是错的。参考著名的例子:I eat apple faster than you do。如果do省略了,就变成我吃你了。再因为,此处不可能是宾语的比较(8.1 grams和four quarters概念也不对等),只能是主语的比较,所以后面的do是无论如何不能省略的。

情况2:weigh做vi,则C选项方能解释得通:it weighs far less than four quarters。 例:I eat faster than you。此时(only 8.1 grams)这个成分就纠结了,因为句子it weighs only 8.1 grams 中weighs应该是vt。也就是说一个句子里,weighs即做了vt,又做了vi。但,但但但...这种特殊情况又何尝不可呢……这里告诉我们至少GMAC认为没啥问题。

简言之,weigh既可作vt又可做vi的特性给我们提供了一种正确解释C选项的可能,因此C是相对最佳答案。

一点浅见,辩证着看
作者: xiaoqiaoli    时间: 2011-5-29 10:34
情况2:weigh做vi,则C选项方能解释得通:it weighs far less than four quarters。 例:I eat faster than you。此时(only 8.1 grams)这个成分就纠结了,因为句子it weighs only 8.1 grams 中weighs应该是vt。也就是说一个句子里,weighs即做了vt,又做了vi。但,但但但...这种特殊情况又何尝不可呢……这里告诉我们至少GMAC认为没啥问题。

-- by 会员 HUZ (2010/4/3 4:17:39)



这里only 8.1 grams  的成分是很纠结,在C选项中,感觉weigh明显是vt啊,那究竟这道题该怎么解释C选项啊。。。




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