[轉貼]as和like的區別 - ChaseDream

以下內容為轉貼，歡迎討論：

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as 与like的用法区别

as，like 在汉语中均可表示“像”，但它们的用法却是有差异的。在正规英语中，as是一个连词，like是一个介词，两者是不能互换使用的。如不能说：

I can speak English like you can.

而应该说：I can speak English like you.

或：I can speak English as you can.

as有两个用途

a) 表示一种职业、身份或用途

eg: He has been working as a bus-driver for six months. (as 表示职业)

I put four desks together as a bed.

（as 表示用途）

b) 通过两种不同动作或情况的比较来表现出它们的共同点

eg: He ran away from home, as his brother had the year before.

(通过as的比较，表示出兄弟俩有离家出走的共同点。)

In Greece, as in in Italy, they use a lot of olive oil in cooking.

（as表明希腊和意大利都有用橄榄油烹饪的习惯。）

当as用于表示a)的意义时，as是一个介词，后面只能跟名词或代词。当as用于表示b)的含义时，as时一个连词，后面可以跟一个从句或介词短语。

like是一个介词，后面只能跟名词或代词

eg: My brother was soon able to swim like me.

Don't treat me like a child.

当as，like后跟名词或代词时，它们所表示的意义是不同的。as指的是一个人的职业，而like则表示“像 …… 一样做事”

eg: I worked as a slave. = I am a slave.

(as 用于表示身份)

I worked like a slave. = I worked very, very hard. (as用于表示比喻)

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再看這道OG10的題

60. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.

(A) like that of earlier generations

(B) as that for earlier generations

(C) just as earlier generations did

(D) as have earlier generations

(E) as it was of earlier generations

我看了先看了as和like的區別然后再做的這道題還選錯，真是……

不過現在明白了。

The intended comparison should be completed by a clause beginning with as and containing a subject and verb that correspond to the subject and verb of the main clause. In E, the best choice, it refers unambiguously to the phrasal subject owning ... land, the verb was corresponds to is, and today's young adults are appropriately compared to earlier generations. Choices A and B lack a verb corresponding to is and a clear referent for that. Choices C and D are confusing and illogical because their verbs, did and have, cannot substitute for is in the main clause.

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for example，such as和like都可用来举例，但用法有所不同。

for example作“例如”讲时，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。

For example，air is invisible. 例如，空气是看不见的。

He，for example，is a good student. 例如，他就是个好学生。

such as也作为“例如”讲，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。

Some of the European languages come from Latin，such as French，Italian and Spanish.
有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语，例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语。

Boys such as John and James are very friendly.像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。

like也常用来表示举例，可与such as互换。但such as用于举例可以分开使用，此时不可与like互换。

Some warm-blooded animals，like/such as the cat，the dog or the wolf，do not need to hibernate. 一些温血动物，像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。

He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks.
他有几本像字典、手册之类的参考书。

注意 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

使用such as来举例子，只能举出其中的一部分，一般不能全部举出。若全部举出，要改用namely（意为“即”）。

He knows four languages，namely Chinese，English，Russian and French.
他精通四门语言，即汉语、英语、俄语和法语。