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标题: OG 167 [打印本页]

作者: zjw007 时间: 2004-1-13 00:00
标题: OG 167
167. Neanderthals had a vocal tract that resembled those of the apes and so were probably without language, a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.
(A)    Neanderthals had a vocal tract that resembled those of the apes
(B)    Neanderthals had a vocal tract resembling an ape's
(C)    The vocal tracts of Neanderthals resembled an ape's
(D)    The Neanderthal's vocal tracts resembled the apes’
(E)    The vocal tracts of the Neanderthals resembled those of the apes

how to translate this sentence? how to explain the use of so here? Thanks! why choose B?

作者: zjw007 时间: 2004-1-13 09:40
anybody got idea? thanx1

作者: turtlechen 时间: 2004-1-13 10:39
so?
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=75321&dict=CALD
http://www.englishfree.com.cn/gb/dictionary/

Always check OG for why!

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-1-16 12:04
ETS的意思是：因为 so were probably without language, 没有主语，也就需要和前面公用主语。故排除 CDE.

so 我猜这里是倒装，指前面的 had a vocal tract resembling an ape's。原来的语序应该是and were probably so without language。

我猜的，007错了别骂我。

作者: 八戒 时间: 2004-1-16 12:11

以下是引用bryony在2004-1-16 12:04:00的发言：
ETS的意思是：因为 so were probably without language, 没有主语，也就需要和前面公用主语。故排除 CDE.

so 我猜这里是倒装，指前面的 had a vocal tract resembling an ape's。原来的语序应该是and were probably so without language。

我猜的，007错了别骂我。

我觉得and so不是倒装, 而是有and连接, 用so表示的结果状语从句(这句话好象有问题!!呵....大概如此吧!),在状语从句中主语相同,所以省略掉了!

eg:

The claim about quality made above rests on a questionable presupposition that
(A) any flaw in work on a product would cause a bottleneck or delay and so would be prevented from occurring on a “fast cycle” production line
(B) the strategy of “fast cycle time” would require fundamental rethinking of product design
(C) the primary goal of the organization is to produce a product of unexcelled quality, rather than to generate
profits for stockholders
(D) “fast cycle time” could be achieved by shaving time off each of the component processes in production
cycle
(E) “fast cycle time” is a concept in business strategy that has not yet been put into practice in a factory

Which of the following, if true, would provide the authority with the strongest counter to the objection that its
plan is unfair?
(A) Even with the proposed toll increase, the average bridge toll in the tristate region would remain less than the
tolls charged in neighboring states.
(B) Any attempt to finance the improvements by raising rail fares would result in a decrease in ridership and so would be self-defeating.
(C) Automobile commuters benefit from well-maintained bridges, and in the tristate region bridge maintenance
is funded out of general income tax revenues to which both automobile and rail commuters contribute.
(D) The roads along the route served by the rail line are highly congested and drivers benefit when commuters
are diverted from congested roadways to mass transit.
(E) The only alternative way of funding the proposed improvements now being considered is through a regional
income tax surcharge, which would affect automobile commuters and rail commuters alike.

The teaching faculties attribute the drop in enrollment of Mexican nationals to an increase in tuition costs. If the faculties are correct, reducing these costs should halt the drop in enrollment. B offers a plan for reducing these costs and so is the best answer.

讨论.......

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-1-16 13:47
还是有不同意见。同意你的例子。但是我认为这里情况不同。 would be prevented from occurring on a “fast cycle” production line。加上前面的“any flaw” 就可以构成完整的句子。so 可以插在中间表示：所以。

但是这句话里 were probably without language，就是加上 Neanderthals 做主语也不是完整的句子。were 后面应该接表语。而without language是介宾结构，不能做表语。所以我的看法还是 were probably so.

欢迎讨论。

作者: 八戒 时间: 2004-1-17 12:07

以下是引用bryony在2004-1-16 13:47:00的发言：
还是有不同意见。同意你的例子。但是我认为这里情况不同。 would be prevented from occurring on a “fast cycle” production line。加上前面的“any flaw” 就可以构成完整的句子。so 可以插在中间表示：所以。

但是这句话里 were probably without language，就是加上 Neanderthals 做主语也不是完整的句子。were 后面应该接表语。而without language是介宾结构，不能做表语。所以我的看法还是 were probably so.

欢迎讨论。

我还是保留我原来的看法:

系动词后面是可以直接加without引导的介宾短语的:
With which of the following statements regarding the relationship between the individual and morality would the author be most likely to agree?
(A) Failure in social obligations is the price of success in individual endeavors.
(B) The unfulfilled citizen cannot fulfill his moral obligations to the community.
(C) Morality is unconcerned with conflicts among citizens.
(D) The unfulfilled citizen is without virtue.
(E) Wealth harms a citizen’s moral standing in the community.

The author’s purpose in citing those who are repeatedly unemployed during a twelve-month period is most probably to show that
(A) there are several factors that cause the payment of low wages to some members of the labor force
(B) unemployment statistics can underestimate the hardship resulting from joblessness
(C) recurrent inadequacies in the labor market can exist and can cause hardships for individual workers
(D) a majority of those who are jobless at any one time to not suffer severe hardship
(E) there are fewer individuals who are without jobs at some time during a year than would be expected on the basis of monthly unemployment figures

而且如果理解成
were probably so

我觉得 GMAT中so单独出现一般指代前面的动作.

而这里so指代前面的动作好象不是很合理而且会产生歧义,因为前面有两个动作!

继续讨论ing.........

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-1-17 13:59
不是两个动作： had a vocal tract resembling an ape's。 resembling ... 是后置分词修饰成分。so 指的是 “有像猿猴的声音”

同时我认为：there are fewer individuals who are without jobs ，这种结构非常awkward. 如果出现在其它地方还可以理解，但是如果是语法里面就好像说不通了。干吗不用jobless? 就好像 distinguish a from B 这种结构，在阅读里面就很常见，但是在语法里面就被咔嚓掉了。

作者: zjw007 时间: 2004-1-17 14:55
a shortcoming 在这儿是做同位语修饰前面整个句子吗？？谢谢。。。

作者: 晓晓 时间: 2004-1-17 17:30
同意 bryony 的倒装解释，so在这里是指代前述动作 had，因为同一主语是Neanderthals

Neanderthals had a vocal tract resembling an ape's and so were probably without language, a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.

整句的意思是：人猿人具有类似与猿类的声线器官，也许正是因为如此，他们不懂得运用语言，这种缺陷导致他们最终被人类所取代。
a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.应该是前面整个句子的同位语

个人意见，呵呵

作者: bigp 时间: 2004-10-28 23:58

归根结底，谁能告诉我so were probably中的were的主语是什么？如果解释成前边一整句话，没有理由用were，而应该用was，如果简化成（so，probably without langurage，were a shortcoming that................）那么，were也应该改为was才对呀，百思不得其解。望NN指教。

作者: windflower560 时间: 2005-2-28 16:09

是so (Neanderthals) were probably with no language 么?主语是:Neanderthals.

作者: titatita 时间: 2006-2-1 22:52

以下是引用晓晓在2004-1-17 17:30:00的发言：
同意 bryony 的倒装解释，so在这里是指代前述动作 had，因为同一主语是Neanderthals

Neanderthals had a vocal tract resembling an ape's and so were probably without language, a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.

整句的意思是：人猿人具有类似与猿类的声线器官，也许正是因为如此，他们不懂得运用语言，这种缺陷导致他们最终被人类所取代。
a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.应该是前面整个句子的同位语

个人意见，呵呵

同意,and后面+个副词指代and前面得谓语动词

og中主谓1宾1and hence 谓2宾2得例子很多

作者: hhjc 时间: 2007-9-10 11:25
up

作者: dormousedzc 时间: 2007-11-30 16:37

a shortcoming that作为同位语,前面应该要有一个明确的指代词吧,但是找不到呀!!!

莫非同位语也可以指代一句话were probably without language了么?

作者: liyibai002 时间: 2007-12-26 09:20

不管“so were probably ...”是不是倒装，这句话也不能是一个状语从句的身份吧。如果是状语从句，那么主句是谁？是前面的“Neanderthals had a vocal tract ...”? 状语从句怎么会与主句用and连接呢？

不同意下面的说法：

我觉得and so不是倒装, 而是有and连接, 用so表示的结果状语从句(这句话好象有问题!!呵....大概如此吧!),在状语从句中主语相同,所以省略掉了!

作者: lcy19812000 时间: 2008-11-10 00:46
如果were指的是neanderthals，就是表示neanderthals是复数，那复数名词neanderthals怎么had a vocal tract，共用一个？？？

作者: cuishang11 时间: 2009-5-5 15:17
so在这里就是个副词意思跟therefore差不多吧

作者: miraere 时间: 2009-5-5 17:15

做第二遍时才有点懂这个句子的意思。

尼安德特人的声线系统和猿人的声线系统相似，因此也是没有语言的，这个缺点也许可以解释为什么他们被人类所替代。

个人理解，were和had并列，so应该不是倒装，只是前面的结果，后面a shortcoming后置定语修饰language.

作者: leo9 时间: 2009-8-21 23:11

(A) Neanderthals had a vocal tract that resembled those of the apes（those 错误指代a vocal tract）

还是不明白为什么those指代错误

我当时做题时这样想，Neanderthals had a vocal tract that resembled those of the apes those= vocal tracts

还原就是Neanderthals had a vocal tract that resembled vocal tracts of the apes

意思是说Neanderthals的vocal tract与apes的那些vocal tracts相似

这样好像觉得A选项没什么问题

当还时觉得B的ape's的所有格不合适，于是就排除B选了A，结果错了。

看了ＯＧ解释，还是不明白为什么those指代错误

望ＮＮ指点

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