PREP1 #61 请教 - ChaseDream - Powered by Discuz!

At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent. What must, of course, be shown, in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls, is that __________.

(A) any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay

(B) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage

(D) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present

GWD有一样的题，但是没找到，隐约记得他家答案是D啊。自己也觉得D比B更与论点本身相关啊。

Although fullerenes--spherical molecules made entirely of carbon--were first found in the laboratory, they have since been found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite. Since laboratory synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure, this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.

(A) Confirming that the shungite genuinely contained fullerenes took careful experimentation.

(B) Some fullerenes have also been found on the remains of a small meteorite that collided with a spacecraft.

(D) The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.

Most of the world's supply of uranium currently comes from mines. It is possible to extract uranium from seawater, but the cost of doing so is greater than the price that uranium fetches on the world market. Therefore, until the cost of extracting uranium from seawater can somehow be reduced, this method of obtaining uranium is unlikely to be commercially viable.

Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in evaluating the argument?

(C) Whether there are any technological advances that show promise of reducing the cost of extracting uranium from seawater

(D) Whether the total amount of uranium in seawater is significantly greater than the total amount of uranium on land

(E) Whether uranium can be extracted from freshwater at a cost similar to the cost of extracting it from seawater

For years the beautiful Renaissance buildings in Palitito have been damaged by exhaust from the many tour buses that come to the city. There has been little parking space, so most buses have idled at the curb during each stop on their tour, and idling produces as much exhaust as driving. The city has now provided parking that accommodates a third of the tour buses, so damage to Palitito's buildings from the buses' exhaust will diminish significantly.

(A) The exhaust from Palitito's few automobiles is not a significant threat to Palitito's buildings.

(B) Palitito's Renaissance buildings are not threatened by pollution other than engine exhaust.

(C) Tour buses typically spend less than one-quarter of the time they are in Palitito transporting passengers from one site to another.

(D) More tourists come to Palitito by tour bus than by any other single means of transportation.

(E) Some of the tour buses that are unable to find parking drive around Palitito while their passengers are visiting a site.

Tiger beetles are such fast runners that they can capture virtually any nonflying insect. However, when running toward an insect, the beetles intermittently stop, and then, a moment later, resume their attack. Perhaps they cannot maintain their pace and must pause for a moment's rest; but an alternative hypothesis is that while running tiger beetles are unable to process the resulting rapidly changing visual information, and so quickly go blind and stop.

Which of the following, if discovered in experiments using artificially moved prey insects, would support one of the two hypotheses and undermine the other?

(A) When a prey insect is moved directly toward a beetle that has been chasing it, the beetle immediately turns and runs away without its usual intermittent stopping.

(B) In pursuing a moving insect, the beetles usually respond immediately to changes in the insect's direction, and pause equally frequently whether the chase is up or down an incline.

(C) The beetles maintain a fixed time interval between pauses, although when an insect that had been stationary begins to flee, the beetle increases its speed after its next pause.

(D) If, when a beetle pauses, it has not gained on the insect it is pursuing, the beetle generally ends its pursuit.

(E) When an obstacle is suddenly introduced just in front of running beetles, the beetles sometimes stop immediately, but they never respond by running around the barrier.

以下是引用xpjiang2008在2008-7-16 0:02:00的发言：

61. (34849-!-item-!-188;#058&007585)

Which of the following best completes the passage below?

(A) any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay

(B) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage

(D) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present

(E) environmental damage already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible

这题比较简单，答案应该是B；原文说了两事，第一是大部分国家同意effluents排放质量的控制，无论这些排放是否产生某一种环境破坏；第二是说，避免过度的控制，填空内容是说，过度控制的内容是什么；

d说的是说污染物是否排放到北海，原文的重点不是说污染物是否排放到北海，重点是说是否对环境破坏

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?(A) Confirming that the shungite genuinely contained fullerenes took careful experimentation.(B) Some fullerenes have also been found on the remains of a small meteorite that collided with a spacecraft.(C) The mineral shungite itself contains large amounts of carbon, from which the fullerenes apparently formed.(D) The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.(E) Shungite itself is formed only under distinctive conditions

原文的大意：一：在实验室发现由碳构成的F，在自然界形成于罕见的矿物S；二：原因是，实验室合成的F需要不同的温度和压力，结论是，这项发现可以评价地壳中自然形成的F时候的情况；

cd比较：c说矿物S包含大量碳，在这个当中形成了F；d说自然形成的F呈未知的水晶结构排列

c感觉原文说过，而且还和原文的观点一致，在驳斥题目中和原文一致的总是感觉不好的

以下是引用xpjiang2008在2008-7-16 1:52:00的发言：

再贴一题：

16. (27621-!-item-!-188;#058&003223)

Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in evaluating the argument?

(A) Whether the uranium in deposits on land is rapidly being depleted(B) Whether most uranium is used near where it is mined(C) Whether there are any technological advances that show promise of reducing the cost of extracting uranium from seawater(D) Whether the total amount of uranium in seawater is significantly greater than the total amount of uranium on land(E) Whether uranium can be extracted from freshwater at a cost similar to the cost of extracting it from seawater

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument? (A) The exhaust from Palitito's few automobiles is not a significant threat to Palitito's buildings.(B) Palitito's Renaissance buildings are not threatened by pollution other than engine exhaust.(C) Tour buses typically spend less than one-quarter of the time they are in Palitito transporting passengers from one site to another.(D) More tourists come to Palitito by tour bus than by any other single means of transportation.(E) Some of the tour buses that are unable to find parking drive around Palitito while their passengers are visiting a site.

先看原文说的结论：由于提供停车场，bus排放对p建筑的破坏会大幅度的减少；

bus排放会破坏p建筑的直接原因是：由于没有停车位大部分的bus在每个景点停车时候，会停在路边空转着

搂主仔细读读直接原因和结论，可以发现c说bus在每个景点停的停得时间更少了；这个很好的支持了原文的结论哦。