1. Byron possessed powers of observation that would have made him a great anthropologist and that makes his letters as a group the rival of the best novels of the time.
(A) makes his letters as a group the rival of
(B) makes his letters as a group one to rival
(C) makes his letters a group rivaling
(D) make his letters as a group the rival of（D）
我想问一下：这里的that是不是可以省略？
因为这里的that是指代powers，所以and直接和动词并列就可以？
1. Congress is debating a bill requiring certain employers provide workers with unpaid leave so as to care for sick or newborn children.
(A) provide workers with unpaid leave so as to
(B) to provide workers with unpaid leave so as to
(C) provide workers with unpaid leave in order that they
(D) to provide workers with unpaid leave so that they can（D）
(E) provide workers with unpa
这里的they有指代歧义吗？
that指代powers，定从，that在从句中做主语，不能省略。that在从句中充当宾语时，定从的先行词可以省略。
而且这里是两个定从并列，隔海相望，有that提示平行，结构更清晰（一个软标准）
我不同意你的观点：
请看以下prep1-164，也是做主语，但是that就省略了。。
1 One automobile manufacturer has announced plans to increase the average fuel efficiency of its sport utility vehicles by 25 percent over the next five years, an increase that would amount to roughly five miles per gallon and would represent the first significant change in the fuel efficiency of any class of passenger vehicle in almost two decades.
第一道题目,我觉的不能省略, 后一个that 表明是从句的并列, 如果把that取掉,那么我们没有办法判断,make是一个新从句里的谓语,还是和前面的have made并列: would have made ... and (would) make. 而MM举的反例中,and前后都有would,则不会造成上述歧义.
关于指代, 如果两个选项只省下指代的差异,当然选指代最清楚的,如果有其它不同,先从其他不同处解题. 有好多题目,代词在逻辑上指代清晰,但是在语法上有歧义, 但依然作为了正确答案. 所以不要拿代词指代作为首要标准.
个人想法, 供参考.....
1、可以这样理解，句子是powers of observation that would have made him a great anthropologist and the powers of observation that make his letters as a group the rival of the.......
但这样很罗嗦，所以省略。that的意义在于提示后面的从句是属于powers的
至于笨笨的怀疑，楼上正解。
an increase that would amount to
roughly five miles per gallon and an increase that would represent the first significant change
比较两句，前者的重复的只有powers of observation that，后者重复的却有 an increase
that would
只省略可以省略的部分
我不同意你的观点：
请看以下prep1-164，也是做主语，但是that就省略了。。
1 One automobile manufacturer has announced plans to increase the average fuel efficiency of its sport utility vehicles by 25 percent over the next five years, an increase that would amount to roughly five miles per gallon and would represent the first significant change in the fuel efficiency of any class of passenger vehicle in almost two decades.
我觉得你的反例和这道题还是略有区别。反例中的and前后是两个would 平行，没有问题。前面也有that，并没有违反“充当主语的that不能省略”这一条。
而这里第一题的that由于后面分句不能和would have done并列（and前后现在完成时和一般时混用），所以只能是另一个从句，作为一个单独的从句，that便不可省略。
我是这样考虑的
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