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标题: prep1-70 [打印本页]

作者: 愁予 时间: 2008-6-2 09:46
标题: prep1-70

It is unclear whether chimpanzees are unique among nonhuman species in their ability to learn behaviors from one another, or if, when other animals are studied in as much depth, similar patterns would be found.

(A) if, when other animals are studied in as much depth, similar patterns would be found

(B) if other animals were studied with as much depth they would exhibit similar patterns

(D) whether similar patterns would be exhibited in other animals that were studied with as much depth

(E) whether other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth

答案为E。看得出D有很多不合适的地方，比如主动语态更直接，depth跟in搭配更好。可是E里they和未划线的their明显指代的不是一个东西，又没有分号分成两个句子，这样也可以吗？

作者: gmatao 时间: 2008-6-2 10:36
if they 在whether从句内，可以理解为指代other animals，代词指代确实比较复杂。。。。

作者: rock19840717 时间: 2008-6-2 10:45
D有一个致命问题，OR是连接词，前后平行对称。whether chimpanzees are是前半句重心，or后面应该也是whether XXXX V, D貌似把重心给改了，不知道对不对这样分析，高手再看看。另外if的问题就不说了，LZ应该看出来了，至于E选项的they修饰的应该是patterns，所以用被动，LZ在看看，我不很确定

作者: ad264 时间: 2008-6-2 11:03

對於這個指代问题，有些题it与its要指代一致，但是以下的题都是they与their指代不一致。或许只有从反向去找ETS指出有指代错误的题去分析，可能会有答案。

they 與their 指代不一致的句子
Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begun paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.
In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vintners have cut prices; their wines are priced to sell, and they do. * they 指wines
It is unclear whether chimpanzees are unique among nonhuman species in their ability to learn behaviors from one another, or whether other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth. * in depth
Almost like clones in their similarity to one another, members of the cheetah species are especially vulnerable to disease because of their homogeneity.

作者: 愁予 时间: 2008-6-2 11:11

赞ls，找出这能么多例子来，很彷徨到底是能不能按照代词指代一致来做题，难道they和their不一致就无所谓？

作者: rock19840717 时间: 2008-6-2 11:21
昨天问了XDF的老师，我说“如果出现they等指示代词，前面出现两个或两个以上的复数名次是否就可以认为指代不清，并做排除？”XDF说不行，不一定的。我还记得是同一个指示代词需要指代同一事物，不过没看到过例句，这里我同事还分析说they出现在their后面可能。。。。。LZ再想象又没有道理

作者: lijiahui0422 时间: 2008-11-18 20:49

E里面的they 有指代的歧义吧 animals 还是patterns呢？我觉得都说得通

请同学们指点

作者: smilingtulip 时间: 2008-11-18 21:30

It is unclear whether chimpanzees are unique among nonhuman species in their ability to learn behaviors from one another, or whether other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth

我个人觉得，it is unclear whether ……, or whether…….。两个whether引导的句子属于并列关系, 而不是主从关系，而"their"属于第一个whether引导的句子；“they”属于第二个whether引导的句子；因此两个代词不会产生指代混淆的问题。

不知道这样理解是否正确，还请高手指正！！

作者: aeoluseros 时间: 2008-11-18 21:44
正确.代词指代关键看逻辑上会不会有歧义，既然没有歧义，那么可以用.

作者: jiaojiao1426 时间: 2009-3-17 21:44

以下是引用lijiahui0422在2008-11-18 20:49:00的发言：

E里面的they 有指代的歧义吧 animals 还是patterns呢？我觉得都说得通

请同学们指点

同问 e选项当中的这个they很混淆~

作者: mjiehu 时间: 2009-3-18 03:23
their -> chimps

they -> other animals

被动，study的对象是animal，不是pattern，没有指代问题

作者: smartsky11 时间: 2009-3-27 15:23
up

作者: cuishang11 时间: 2009-4-16 16:28

其实prep里they、their和them指代不一致，但仍视为正确已经不止这一道了见prep1-37

还是要把握语法题中“选最好的而不是选正确的”这个原则

作者: leeron 时间: 2009-6-5 09:17
比如37吧，One report concludes that many schools do not have, nor are they likely to have, enough computers to use them effectively.

个人觉得有复数名词隔开了代词，所以不存在指代不清楚的。不是一个句子中出现的所有they, their都要一致，关键看直接有没有相应名词分隔。

作者: leeron 时间: 2009-6-5 09:19
包括前面出现的这些例子都是：

they 與their 指代不一致的句子
Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begun paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.
In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vintners have cut prices; their wines are priced to sell, and they do. * they 指wines
It is unclear whether chimpanzees are unique among nonhuman species in their ability to learn behaviors from one another, or whether other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth. * in depth
Almost like clones in their similarity to one another, members of the cheetah species are especially

作者: lijiahui0422 时间: 2009-7-5 11:16

以前的问题还是没人解答啊...E里面的they 有指代的歧义吧 animals 还是patterns呢？我觉得都说得通

作者: vivian0331 时间: 2009-7-10 22:55

11楼的解答很正确啊：

their -> chimps

they -> other animals

被动，study的对象是animal，不是pattern，没有指代问题

作者: lijiahui0422 时间: 2009-7-21 09:18
其实这个they逻辑上是有歧义的，因为修饰哪个都能说得通，但是形式上应该不存在，很受8楼同学的启发

作者: kykosd 时间: 2009-7-24 01:35
同问，，，顶一顶，，，拜托nn来帮帮忙

作者: kykosd 时间: 2009-7-24 01:39

以下是引用lijiahui0422在2008/11/18 20:49:00的发言：

E里面的they 有指代的歧义吧 animals 还是patterns呢？我觉得都说得通

请同学们指点

对，知道their和这个they是不矛盾的，

关键想问，后半句中they前面又animals和patterns都可以指代，存在歧义！

作者: congtoulu 时间: 2009-9-25 01:57
同问。不知哪位好心人予以解答？谢谢！

作者: ageng 时间: 2009-10-12 10:34
没有人说说if they were studied in as much depth 里were studied是啥意思么？if条件虚拟语气？但如果是虚拟语气好像没有were+-ed这种表示法啊？
分割线
原来我一直以为they指代other animals。如果they指代patterns就说得通了。patterns were studied,表被动。

可是这样一来，they指代逻辑上是有歧异的。

前面有人说they指代animals,能否说说animals were studied……是何意思？

分割线
艾……纠结……发现，study是研究的意思。条件从句意思是如果他们被研究到同样的深度。我还以为是学习……理解相差十万八千里阿……这样一来，they应该指代animals.

看来是句意理解为王！

另外，做个记号，这里[bgcolor=#e0b800]in as much depth也怪怪的。只知道，as much as这种结构。望NN解！[/bgcolor]

作者: lorrain_cc 时间: 2009-11-4 16:28
当复数代词前出现两个复数名词的时候,此代词是优先指代离它最近的复数名词的,而如果出现逻辑意思错误时,才被看做是错误选项,也就是指代歧义.

所以这里,我觉得是指代similar patterns,"是否其它动物可以展示相似的行为样式如果这些行为样式被学习到如此的程度"(但实际上并未被学习)

作者: ageng 时间: 2009-11-14 14:59
被MM这么一说我又回归以前想法了。经常一个题目一会好像懂了，过段时间一看又不懂……

关于代词指代。有人说优先指代句子主语，有人说就近指代名次。这个真不清楚……

作者: kevin1473 时间: 2010-1-4 20:43
此题出的甚是无聊，D、E项都有问题，只能说E项稍微好一点而已。

作者: clarry 时间: 2010-1-4 20:53
D改变了原来的意思，而且D翻译成中文也不通啊。ls翻译下就知道了

作者: lolmandy 时间: 2010-1-4 22:59
题目出的不严谨

作者: 苍崖云树 时间: 2010-6-4 09:04
up
希望有NN来看一下
总觉得E选项中的they既可以指代animals也可以指代patterns啊,两者不是都能被study么??

作者: flewrudy 时间: 2011-4-12 15:54
此题我也觉得e的they有问题，应该不是像之前说的“逻辑上没问题”就没问题的，很多og里面的句子就是很奇怪的，明明一想就知道不可能的，它偏说有可能。。。求大牛。。。

作者: Londooooon 时间: 2012-1-11 22:11
我的理解，E中的they语法上是优先指代animals，而逻辑意思上也是可以指代animals，那么就没有歧义。

语法上优先指代animals的依据：
主从句中：代词先指代主语的核心词
这个依据我对它的理解是：有一点是没有例外的（至少我没见过，有见过的同学麻烦贴出来一起讨论啊！）那就是在主句S1 V O，从句PRONOUN V O;或者主句PRONOUN V O,从句S1 V O的情况下，这个pronoun都是指代S1的
当然如果pronoun和S1不匹配（比如一个是人一个是物），那这条依据还有下半句：主从句中：先指代主语的核心词，再指代宾语或表语的核心词，最后指代修饰语中的名词。

E中把whether之后的内容独立出来，就会发现它其实是一个主从句 other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth
那么they语法上是优先指代animals的

作者: 顾丘 时间: 2016-7-25 14:13
我觉得这道题，表示”是否“只能用whether,而不能用“if",所以在DE中选择，E比D好，因为，主动优于被动。

作者: Barron1234 时间: 2017-11-26 13:12
It is unclear whether chimpanzees are unique among nonhuman species in their ability to learn behaviors from one another, or if, when other animals are studied in as much depth, similar patterns would be found.
(D) whether similar patterns would be exhibited in other animals that were studied with as much depth
(E) whether other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth
句意：现在尚不清楚猩猩是否是唯一具有相互学习能力的动物，亦或其他动物被深入研究的话其实它们也有此种能力。
注意句意“若其他动物被深入研究的话”
E）were studied是虚拟语气：if they(即这些animals) were studied, whether these animals would exhibit similar patterns这件事就会有定论
D）if there were "animals that were studied"-- in the past-- then we would already know the results of those studies, an idea that contradicts the rest of the sentence.

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