21. During construction of the
Which one of the following statements can be properly inferred from the passage?
(A) Bridges built before about 1907 were built without thorough mathematical analysis and therefore, were unsafe for the public to use
(B) Cooper’s absence from the
(C) Nineteenth-century bridge engineers relied o their rules of thumb because analytical methods were inadequate to solve their design problems.
(D) Only a more rigorous application of mathematical analysis to the design of the
(E) Prior to 1907 the mathematical analysis incorporated in engineering rules of thumb was insufficient to completely assure the safety of bridges under construction.
KEY:E
D is better for me.
E says "Prior to 1907...was insufficient to completely assure the safety of bridges under construction", but one bridge collapsed doesn't mean all other bridges must fail too. Probably some other bridges are easier to construct so 'the mathematical analysis incorporated in engineering rules of thumb' was good enough. 'Bridges under construction' is a too much broader notion used here.
And I don't see anything wrong with D.
Why is that?
MANY THANKS!
"ONLY..." represents a surfficient condition, right?
I thought ONLY was the necessary one. ;(
Is there a difference between "if only" and "only if"? I'm very confused about.
THANKS.
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