前者是比较常见的，XDJM们都讨论的很清晰了，后者在OG题目中也有出现。对于后者，是否能等同于在寻找conclusion，或者inference？举个例子，OG11-53 Social scientists are underrepresented on the advisory councils of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Since these councils advise NIH directors and recommend policy, the underrepresentation of social scientists results in a relative lack of NIH financial support for research in the social sciences.OG11-53 Social scientists are underrepresented on the advisory councils of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Since these councils advise NIH directors and recommend policy, the underrepresentation of social scientists results in a relative lack of NIH financial support for research in the social sciences.
If the statements above are correct, they most strongly support which of the following?
(A) A significant increase in the size of NIH advisory councils would be required in order to increase the representation of social scientists on these councils.
(B) A significant increase in the representation of social scientists on NIH advisory councils would result in an increase in NIH funding for social science research.
(C) A significant increase in funding for social science research would result in improved policy' recommendations to NIH directors.
(D) A significant increase in funding for the training of social scientists would result in an increase in the number of social scientists on NIH advisory councils.
(E) A significant increase in the representation of social scientists on NIH advisory councils would have top-recede any increase in the number of NIH directors who are social scientists.
以这道题为例，答案是B，没有什么疑问，
但如果分析一下，这道题目变成：非A（即underrepresentation）导致非B（funding insufficient），这个support了？答案：A增加导致B增加。
这类题应该和充分必要条件有什么关系么？
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