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标题: 请教大全885 section20-9 [打印本页]
作者: ecsniffer    时间: 2003-12-8 11:05
标题: 请教大全885 section20-9
9.Migraine, the most debilitating common form of headache, afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans, who collectively lose 64 million workdays a year, and they cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost work time.
(A) year, and they cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost
(B) year and thus cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost
(C) year, so as to cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost
(D) year that costs the nation $50 billion in lost medical expenses and
(E) year, which thus cost the nation $50 billion in lost medical expenses and
the key:B.这道题的结构到底是怎么样的？难道是象下面这样的么？
Migraine afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans and thus cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost work time.
为什么一般现在时和一般过去时并列在一块使用？怪怪的？干嘛不都用一般现在时，弄出个lost怪讨厌的。


作者: bluestone1    时间: 2003-12-8 11:29
Migraine afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans and thus cost the nation $50 billion in (medical expenses and lost work time).
作者: bluestone1    时间: 2003-12-8 11:42
不对，应是
Americans collectively lose 64 million workdays a year and thus cost the nation $50 billion in ( medical expenses and lost work time).
作者: ecsniffer    时间: 2003-12-8 11:52
yeah,you are right.thk.
原来lost 在这里做adj.！
how foolish I am!
作者: Snazzy    时间: 2003-12-8 13:32
NO DICE, ecsniffer, u r not foolish at all.  and i don't agree with bluestone. the explanation is not logical. It is not the american that cost the nation $..., but the migraine. so choice B is absolutely wrong.
作者: ecsniffer    时间: 2003-12-8 14:24
Snazzy,thk！
你说的有道理，的确我也没有看到过sb. cost----的结构，那么这道题怎么回事呢？谁再给讲讲，谢谢！
作者: bluestone1    时间: 2003-12-8 17:31
这题我选B时也颇犹豫，但矮子里拔将军就选了，毕竟 sb cost 也不是完全说不过去
最后使我下决心的是  cost 应是 a year, 只有与 lose 64 million workdays a year 平行才能省略
a year.
作者: horsefish    时间: 2004-2-9 14:46
以下是引用Snazzy在2003-12-8 13:32:00的发言：
NO DICE, ecsniffer, u r not foolish at all.  and i don't agree with bluestone. the explanation is not logical. It is not the american that cost the nation $..., but the migraine. so choice B is absolutely wrong.


如果B错了, 那答案是哪个?
作者: jnlvo    时间: 2004-3-15 11:48
so as to一般表目的，不知能不能表结果？


本题中的cost的用法确实很怪，通常是Migraine costs而不是Americans cost,如：


nearly 130 million Americans are overweight or obese – a condition that cost the nation $117 billion in medical and other expenses in 2000.


不知哪位可以来解答。

作者: wang0736    时间: 2004-3-17 03:24
"thus"(n.) refer to the whole situation mentioned ahead, so is pl. "cost" is present time.

作者: delldell    时间: 2004-5-6 10:19
还是不明白这道题目究竟谁是cost的主语, 如果如wang0736, thus 代这个situation, 那也应该是costs呀, 怎么会是cost 呢?
作者: dreadpower    时间: 2004-5-6 10:42
    主语是18 million Americans，我觉得需要读懂句子意思再分析题目，而不是直接用语法知识解题
作者: delldell    时间: 2004-5-6 10:46

sb cost ????????那意思就变了

Mary costs me $20???

作者: dreadpower    时间: 2004-5-6 10:58
    看上面的讨论
作者: fair_sword    时间: 2004-5-21 13:00
从语法结构看, Migraine，afflicts..., and thus costs似乎比较合适，但是如果从句意上看。 we can say: Migraine costs the nation $50 billion, but  we can not say : Migraine costs the nation $50 billion in medcial expenses and lost work time,  所以我觉得从and lost work time,  Americans做cost的主语更好
作者: jiaxuan    时间: 2006-5-23 11:15

请各位牛人帮忙~!这个题目我也非常困惑

从意思上讲,medical expenses只能是Migraine造成的,那么cost的主语应该是Migraine,但是这个应该是单数呀，前面afflicts也是单数呀，那如果这样只有D是costs单数,但是D的从句修饰的什么呀,又不清不楚的?

作者: 洛拉    时间: 2006-7-10 23:11

这道题，还是应该选C，

Migraine, the most debilitating common form of headache, afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans, who collectively lose 64 million workdays a year, so as to cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost work time.

因为who...是插入语，连同前面的the most...插入语一并去掉之后，原句变成Migraine afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans so as to cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost(adj.) work time. 这里的so as to的逻辑主语恰好是句子的主语，不能一看见so as to前面有两个人物或者一个东东一个人物就说逻辑主语不清楚，得看整体结构和意思，so as to后面是要跟动词原形的，也没有说只能表目的，作状语表示一种结果是常见的，翻翻正规的语法书就发现了。

而B选项，year and thus cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost，cost的逻辑主语才是模糊的，把year后面的逗号去掉之后原句的主干结构就被截断变成一个非限定从句的一部分了，变成这些人给国家造成了代价，而原句主干结构的意思应该是magraine影响了1800万人以至于给国家造成了代价。

作者: happylifelin    时间: 2006-7-21 02:02

I chose C ,but now I think B is right ,because in medical expenses and lost(adj.) work time

but I am not sure about it yet

NN help!

作者: dursy    时间: 2006-9-2 15:55
这道题我支持C,NN意见??
作者: fengyun1    时间: 2006-9-6 17:07
C的
    so as to多用于系表结构中。这里so as to可认为表达复杂, 且不能确定是Migraine cost还是Americans cost。
B可被接受。有thus, 使cost和lose紧相连,
                cost的主语Americans, 为一般现在时。 不是Migraine,否则得用costs.

作者: ana9    时间: 2006-11-5 05:12
作者: ustchero    时间: 2007-11-17 17:44
这题我选了A,有人给解释一下为什么错么
作者: sch    时间: 2008-1-23 13:16
以下是引用ustchero在2007-11-17 17:44:00的发言：
这题我选了A,有人给解释一下为什么错么

我认为用A的话，and前面有个逗号了，这样and 后面的内容就脱离了who从句的笼罩了，这么突兀出来一个and分句，不知道和谁平行好（和主句平行？还是和who从句平行？）

另外 “and they cost..."罗嗦。 B选项没有they，可以达到同样效果，省略的主语是americans.

另外B有 thus，还有一种顺承的意味。 lose workdays－－－－> cost money。

作者: richardxia    时间: 2008-8-20 21:22
以下是引用洛拉在2006-7-10 23:11:00的发言：

这道题，还是应该选C，

Migraine, the most debilitating common form of headache, afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans, who collectively lose 64 million workdays a year, so as to cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost work time.

因为who...是插入语，连同前面的the most...插入语一并去掉之后，原句变成Migraine afflicts perhaps 18 million Americans so as to cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost(adj.) work time. 这里的so as to的逻辑主语恰好是句子的主语，不能一看见so as to前面有两个人物或者一个东东一个人物就说逻辑主语不清楚，得看整体结构和意思，so as to后面是要跟动词原形的，也没有说只能表目的，作状语表示一种结果是常见的，翻翻正规的语法书就发现了。

而B选项，year and thus cost the nation $50 billion in medical expenses and lost，cost的逻辑主语才是模糊的，把year后面的逗号去掉之后原句的主干结构就被截断变成一个非限定从句的一部分了，变成这些人给国家造成了代价，而原句主干结构的意思应该是magraine影响了1800万人以至于给国家造成了代价。

表示同意！

句子主干是说Migraine afflict American，so as to后面表结果，逻辑主语为句子主语Migraine

如果把后面全部变成定语从句的一部分，lose workdays and thus cost $ in medical expense逻辑不通；cost的主语如果是Migraine就没有这个问题。

open to discuss





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