W3
As rainfall began to decrease in the Southwest about the middle of the twelfth century, most of the Monument Valley Anasazi abandoned their homes to join other clans whose access to water was less limited.
A. whose access to water was less limited
B where there was access to water that was less limited
C where they had less limited water access
D with less limitations on water access
E having less limitations to water access
答案是A没问题,E中less 应该改成fewer, 可是关于E,OG上还解释说,"having" is ambiguous because it is unclear whether it refers to the Anasazi or other clans. 这点让我非常困惑.我在CD上查了很多帖子,发现如果是分词在句末的话有两种可能,一种是做状语表示伴随状况,又分伴随动作和伴随结果, 前面一定有逗号分隔,另一种是做定语表示, 大多数情况下有逗号,但有时也可以没有逗号,紧跟在所修饰的名词后面.所以我的理解是因为没有逗号,这里只能做定语修饰other clans, 为什么会有歧义呢.欢迎大家讨论
“-ING分词短语作定语：强调动作的多次性、重复性、客观性，无明确的时间概念；
定语从句作：强调动作的一次性，强调具体时间，具体行为。”
赞同剩下果实的意见，OG不是bible,很多解释上有矛盾。
本着避重就轻的态度，acess to..
我不同意7楼的意见，当doing和定语从句都对的时候，应该用定语从句。因为定语从句更准确，比如：
the Partthenon was a church from 1204 until 1456, when Athens was taken by General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Tyrkish sultan, who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as a fortress.
A who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as fortress.
B who, establishing a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
C who, when he had established a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
D who had established a mosque in the building, using the Acropolis to be
E establishing a mosquein the building and using the Acropolis as
此题A，E都对，但是答案是A，用定语从句
我的理解是，现在分词可以跳跃修饰，但是定语从句只能就近修饰
我不同意7楼的意见，当doing和定语从句都对的时候，应该用定语从句。因为定语从句更准确，比如：
the Partthenon was a church from 1204 until 1456, when Athens was taken by General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Tyrkish sultan, who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as a fortress.
A who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as fortress.
B who, establishing a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
C who, when he had established a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
D who had established a mosque in the building, using the Acropolis to be
E establishing a mosquein the building and using the Acropolis as
此题A，E都对，但是答案是A，用定语从句
个人观点，之所以不选E,并不是因为分词和定语从句谁优，而是E有歧义。-ing分词在句尾优先做伴随状语
同问～
longman上找来的，不过对1和3还是区分的不是太清楚：
a nuclear limitation treatyQ
比較一下這兩者的不同：
原句: The girl who played the piano did not know it.
簡化 : The girl playing the piano did not know it.
原句: The girl did not know it as she was playing the piano.
簡化: The girl did not know it playing the piano.
這一句的playing the piano啟不是造成修飾對象的歧視? 原意是修飾 the girl 的，
但這樣一簡化之後，乍看之下還以為是修飾 it 的。所以才說E選項這樣表達不好。
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