GWD2-34:
NASA’s methodical approach to the exploration of Mars has not yet answered the questions of whether biological life forms ever emerged on Mars and whether, presuming such life forms having left fossil traces to begin with, those traces can still exist in some moist recesses of the cold and arid planet.
A. and whether, presuming such life forms having left fossil traces to begin with, those traces can
B. and whether, if it is presumed that such life forms left some fossil traces to begin with, can those traces
C. and whether, presuming such life forms left fossil traces to begin with, those traces
D. and, presuming such life forms did leave some fossil traces to begin with, if they can
E. and, presuming such life forms to have left fossil traces to begin with, if they
答案A，但是其中having left似乎不太对，有presume sb doing的说法吗？
GWD6-31:
At an orientation meeting, the travelers were told that a visa, a landing card, and evidence of inoculation against typhoid fever would be needed by each of them.
A. a visa, a landing card, and evidence of inoculation against typhoid fever would be needed by each of them
B. they would need a visa, a landing card, and evidence of their being inoculated against typhoid fever
C. they would need evidence of being inoculated against typhoid fever and a visa and landing card
D. they would each need a visa, a landing card, and evidence of inoculation against typhoid fever
E. they would need visas, landing cards, and evidence of inoculation against typhoid fever for each of them
答案是D，我选了A,错在哪里了，是不是在同样可以的情况下，倾向于用主动方式而不是被动，另外，A里面有语法错误吗？
GWD9-41.
Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.
A. Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is
B. Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, but which is
C. Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become
D. Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for private conversation, a substitute for the telephone, which has become
E. Marconi conceived of the radio to be a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, other than what it is,
答案是E，但是我觉得conceived of…to be不对把，查了longman没有这个用法啊，根据这个用法首先就可以排除ADE，而B中which意思上应该指代前面整个一段话吧，就是说“这种radio的用法恰恰相反”，但是似乎a tool for Communicating前面少了点什么，所以觉得不对，剩下只能选C了，而且C选项看起来也没什么明显的错误，只是不知道it指代什么啊？同样是分号前面的一整句，但是这样以来的话，突然后面出现一个a tool for communicating是不是有点太突兀了啊？
yes, A.
B wordy
C. "presume sth done" distort the meaning
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