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标题: 请教大全703题 [打印本页]

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-11-16 16:25
标题: 请教大全703题
702. The British sociologist and activist Barbara Wootton once noted as a humorous example of income maldistribution that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning annually exactly what she then earned as director of adult education for London.
(A) that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning
(B) that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning
(C) that there was an elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, and it earned
(D) the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and was earning（A）
(E) the elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and that it earned
ETS在解释B不对时说：
In B, the structure of noted... that the elephant, giving rides..., had been earning falsely implies that the reader already knows about the elephant—that is, that the existence of this particular elephant is not new information.
Also, the past perfect had been improperly places the elephant’s earning in the past, prior to Wootton’s; consistent verb tense is needed to show that the actions are simultaneous.
关于时态的解释容易理解，但前面的解释让人很费解呀。
B与A比起来有两点差别：一是用分词而不是用从句修饰；二是时态不同。
那么，什么原因导致B产生了这样的歧义呢（falsely implies that the reader already knows about the elephant）？是分词吗？还是别的？是如何导致这样的歧义的？

作者: znprc 时间: 2003-11-16 17:40
有两种情况可在名词前使用定冠词ＴＨＥ：1) 前面提到过这个名词; 2) 名词后使用限定性定语言从句-如本题

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-11-16 17:46

以下是引用znprc在2003-11-16 17:40:00的发言：
有两种情况可在名词前使用定冠词ＴＨＥ：1) 前面提到过这个名词; 2) 名词后使用限定性定语言从句-如本题

高手！
万分感谢！
这题结案了。

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-11-16 17:49
再问高人znprc：如果把B改为：
(B) that the elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning
是不是也对呢？

作者: znprc 时间: 2003-11-16 17:59
不敢当不敢当, 一起切磋:
限定性定语从句中的THAT要做从句的形式主语,所以要使用这样的结构:
名词 + THAT + 谓语动词

作者: hedgeforfun 时间: 2003-11-17 13:34
我想這題的主要考點還是在時態,我自己覺得要慎用過去完成時,因為過去的過去太明顯啦.
好像那個人先知道大笨象賺多少,再去打工的.
還有,大家有沒有注意到"annually"這個詞呢?

作者: cocoabean 时间: 2004-4-22 02:48

Many thanks for the discussion of NNs, thanks Gemj GG

but the Q702 should be Q703 ( OG258 ).

hope it can be corrected in order to more XDJM can see it.

作者: 我爱欧洲 时间: 2005-9-18 22:38

以下是引用znprc在2003-11-16 17:40:00的发言：
有两种情况可在名词前使用定冠词ＴＨＥ：1) 前面提到过这个名词; 2) 名词后使用限定性定语言从句-如本题

是否B错在the表示前面提到大象才用the的？逗号后的giving是插入语并非限定性定语从句所以the的使用不当？

作者: joshcn2006 时间: 2007-1-25 11:04

885sec 02-19

Federal legislation establishing a fund for the cleanup of sites damaged by toxic chemicals permits compensating state governments for damage to their natural resources but does not allow claims for injury to people.

(A) compensating state governments for damage to

(B) compensating state governments for the damaging of

(D) giving compensation to state governments for the damage of（A）

(E) the giving of compensation to state governments for damaging

885sec 02-19

正确答案是A。想问一下为什么A中的damage前没有the呢？

作者: LOUI1121 时间: 2007-1-27 10:38

THE 加在现代分词前,表示这个分词做抽象名词.

E.G THE COMPENSATING.

DAMAGE 本来就是个名词,不用加THE

作者: specialcognac 时间: 2007-4-14 22:45
这题的主要考点是damage to 的固定搭配，所以只有A是正确的；

此外，楼上的兄弟的解释似乎有些不妥，名词前加定冠词表示特指，这个并没有错。但至于为什么A中没有the damage，期待NN解答

作者: quinlee 时间: 2007-5-26 15:01
Federal legislation establishing a fund for the cleanup of sites damaged by toxic chemicals permits compensating state governments for damage to their natural resources but does not allow claims for injury to people.

(A) compensating state governments for damage to

(B) compensating state governments for the damaging of

(D) giving compensation to state governments for the damage of（A）

(E) the giving of compensation to state governments for damaging

885sec 02-19

此结构为：转折平行结构 ...... but......转折前后部分形式对称 A 项 for damage to 对应 for injury to

885sec 02-19

此结构为：转折平行结构 ...... but......转折前后部分形式对称 A 项 for damage to 对应 for injury to

作者: songlovegt 时间: 2009-2-9 01:57
the (from Longman)
1
used to show that you are talking about a particular thing or person that has already been mentioned, is already known about, or is the only one
The audience clapped and cheered. I ordered a pizza and salad.
The pizza was nice but the salad was disgusting. the tallest building in the world sailing across the Pacific The Prime Minister has intervened personally.
Elections will be held later in the year (=this year) .
How are all the family (=your family) ?
2
used before nouns referring to actions and changes when they are followed by 'of'
the growth of the steel industry
the arrival of our guests
3
used when you are about to make it clear which person or thing you mean
That's the school that Terry went to.
She laughed at the birthday card from Myra.
4
used before the name of a family in the plural to refer to all the members of that family
The Johnsons had lived in this house for many years.
5
used to refer to something that everyone knows
because it is part of our natural environment or part of daily life
What was the weather like?
I looked out into the darkness.
Sometimes the traffic kept her awake at night.
The shops open at 9 o'clock.
6
used before a singular noun to refer to a type of institution, shop, system etc
You used to buy them from the chemist.
I heard it on the radio.
I'll put it in the mail for you today.
7
used to refer to a part of someone's body
Lieutenant Taylor was wounded in the knee. How's the ankle? Is it still hurting?
8
used before an adjective to make it into a plural noun when you are referring to all the people that the adjective describes
She devoted her life to helping the poor.
a school for the deaf wars between the English and the French
9
used before an adjective to make it into a noun when you are referring to the particular kind of situation or thing that the adjective describes
Come on now, that's asking for the impossible.
fantasy movies that make the unreal seem real
10
used before a singular noun when you are referring to a particular type of thing or person in a general way
The tiger is without doubt the most magnificent of the big cats.
The computer has changed everyone's lives in so many ways. complicated dances like the tango
11
a) used to refer to a period of time, especially a period of ten or a 100 years
fashions of the 60s
the great novelists of the 1900s
She remembers the war years.
In the thirties unemployment was widespread.
b) used to mention a date
the 3rd of November
March the 21st
British English
Shall we meet on the twelfth?
12
enough of something for a particular purpose
I haven't the time to talk just now.
Eric didn't even have the common sense to send for a doctor.
13
used to say which type of musical instrument someone plays
Fiona's learning the flute.
He plays the violin.
14
used to refer to a type of sport or a sports event, especially in athletics or swimming
Who won the long jump?
She swam up and down, practising the crawl.
15
spoken used before a word or phrase that describes someone or something when you are angry, jealous, surprised etc
He's stolen my parking space, the bastard!
I can't get this carton open, the stupid thing.
'Jamie's won a holiday in Hawaii.' 'The lucky devil!'
16
used to emphasize that the person, place, or thing you are mentioning is the famous one, or the best or most fashionable one. 'The' is pronounced strongly or written in a special way
'Elizabeth Taylor was there.' 'Not the Elizabeth Taylor, surely?'
Miami is THE place for girls who like to live life to the full.
17
used before the names of certain common illnesses
If one of the children got the measles, we all got the measles.

结合大家的讨论，和朗文的解释。
在改错题中通常有下列情况应注意区分The 和 A/An 地使用
后面接 of 表限定的
后面有限定性从句修饰的，如that,
后面接介词，如from,
后面接不定式to 表特定目的

作者: 四个圈 时间: 2016-10-18 18:00

znprc 发表于 2003-11-16 17:40
有两种情况可在名词前使用定冠词ＴＨＥ：1) 前面提到过这个名词; 2) 名词后使用限定性定语言从句-如本题 ...

同意！

作者: Elaine橙子 时间: 2018-2-9 20:29
what she then earned as director of adult education for London中的then不是表示后来发生的事情吗，那么前半句不应该用过去完成式吗？

作者: 火星G 时间: 2018-9-30 14:58
我想请教大侠：这里的A选项为什么用was earning? 而不是the elephant earned? 谢谢！

blalala the elephant ...... was earning?

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