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标题: [求助]Prep1-48 [打印本页]

作者: mandyding 时间: 2007-5-6 11:41
标题: [求助]Prep1-48

48. (34221-!-item-!-188;#058&007550)

Parasitic wasps lay their eggs directly into the eggs of various host insects in exactly the right numbers for any suitable size of host egg. If they laid too many eggs in a host egg, the developing wasp larvae would compete with each other to the death for nutrients and space. If too few eggs were laid, portions of the host egg would decay, killing the wasp larvae.

Which of the following conclusions can properly be drawn from the information above?

(A) The size of the smallest host egg that a wasp could theoretically parasitize can be determined from the wasp's egg-laying behavior.

(B) Host insects lack any effective defenses against the form of predation practiced by parasitic wasps.

(D) Failure to lay enough eggs would lead to the death of the developing wasp larvae more quickly than would laying too many eggs.

(E) Parasitic wasps use visual clues to calculate the size of a host egg.

答案是A

我选了C,文中if条件说的是lay egg的数量太多和太少都不好,所以推出根据经验decide how many eggs to lay

A应尬怎么理解呢?

谢谢帮忙解答下吧

作者: Jolin_hz 时间: 2007-5-12 11:28
upup，我记得原来做GWD的时候答案是选C的，现在看觉得A有道理，是能说determined from the wasp's egg-laying behavior.不能说 Parasitic wasps learn from experience

作者: tasteofbit 时间: 2007-5-14 16:59

agree with 2rd floor.

作者: goldtime 时间: 2007-5-26 05:49

I am confused by this question. Why choice A is right? The wasp's egg-laying behavior could determine the smallest host egg size.

Have anybody could tell me the reason? Thanks!!

作者: ll_422 时间: 2007-7-12 15:52

A比较好, C为inference吧.

做归纳题需要注意的就是千万不要有自己的inference.

作者: ilovecushi 时间: 2007-10-22 09:25

同問

感覺A好像沒有不對呀~

作者: sunyan730 时间: 2007-10-22 10:35

原文讲：PS把蛋下在HI的蛋中。WL互相竞食和空间，数量减少。HG减少WL。就是环境对数量减少增加的关系。

A) The size of the smallest host egg that a wasp could theoretically parasitize can be determined from the wasp's egg-laying behavior.行为决定大小。即影响和不影响。

B) Host insects lack any effective defenses against the form of predation practiced by parasitic wasps.HI缺少对W的抵抗。即缺少抵抗。

(C) Parasitic wasps learn from experience how many eggs to lay into the eggs of different host species。学习在不同HS生多少蛋的经验。即学习经验。

D) Failure to lay enough eggs would lead to the death of the developing wasp larvae more quickly than would laying too many eggs.下蛋少死的快与下蛋多的。即死的快慢。

(E) Parasitic wasps use visual clues to calculate the size of a host egg. PY用视觉测量蛋的大小。即测量大小。

也就是A的答案是在说影不影响的问题。所以A更贴切。

作者: нандин 时间: 2007-11-11 19:04

是不是这个意思：

题目问的是Which of the following conclusions can properly be drawn from the information above?原文说Parasitic wasps lay their eggs directly into the eggs of various host insects in exactly the right numbers for any suitable size of host egg. 这里有个关键就是exactly the right numbers

所以就有个 number of eggs 和 size of host egg 的对应关系.

而A 选项(A) The size of the smallest
host egg that a wasp could theoretically parasitize can be determined from the wasp's egg-laying behavior.

number of eggs 和 size of host egg 的对应关系就可以推断出来

就像做 x和y的几元几次方程

打个比方 10个wasp egg 对应 100CM^3 host egg 。。。。。。。。 10x * K = 100

100个wasp egg 对应 1000cm^3 host egg ....................100X * K = 1000

1000个wasp egg 对应 100000cm^3 host egg ...............1000X * K = 100000

最小的host egg 只能有3个wasp egg ...................... 3X*K =y

那么通过各种统计学，数学公式就能推断出最小的host egg的大小

这是我理解的

B .缺少抵抗是无关的，提干直接说进去host egg了中间过程有没有遭遇反抗，没说，如果说反抗了 wasp照样能进去呢？所以是无关的

C. arasitic wasps lay their eggs directly into the eggs of various host insects in exactly the right numbers for any suitable size of host egg.这是一个既成事实。

而C 选项是arasitic wasps learn from experience how many eggs to lay into the eggs of different host species.
使怎么推断出这个继承事实，所以是推不出来了

作者: snowofjune 时间: 2007-12-17 07:43
up

作者: imnotangel 时间: 2008-10-19 19:30
还是不明白，有NN能解答一下吗？

作者: 12再战 时间: 2008-11-27 11:36
同问

作者: efay 时间: 2009-5-17 10:06

我也记得gwd时候选的的是C.....

也不记得自己当时就错了还是给改错了，反正这次又错了，非常郁闷

给数学推理那位真厉害哈····

以下是我理解的哈：

C是事实，或者说前提，导致了这个现象，或者可能有别的原因都可以导致出这个现象，但是都无所谓了，因为这么个现象已经有了。就像你不能说某人胖就因为他吃的多，也许他是运动的少。

A本题要问的是conclusion,就是根据这个现象你能推出什么，是非常确定的，不是推测的。

作者: candiceric 时间: 2009-6-4 00:57

我一開始也選C，不過覺得C的答案提到向different host species學習應該不對！因為題目一直強調的是size而不是different species, same species can have different size of eggs. 所以A有提到size是怎麼決定來的才是它的conclusion！

作者: Brilliance 时间: 2009-7-23 09:22
求解

作者: Ailsa灵幽幽 时间: 2009-8-7 22:57

还是不明白有NN来么？很混乱阿不明白Ａ为什么对，　下多少卵和laying behavior有什么关系呢？？？

作者: Ailsa灵幽幽 时间: 2009-8-7 23:01

补充一点我认为最小的宿主的被寄生的卵不是应该有寄生虫卵的大小决定的么？为什么是A说的是由寄生虫的laying behavior决定呢？

作者: 红尘道士 时间: 2010-2-27 20:25
我想应该是这样的
If too few eggs were laid, portions of the host egg would decay, killing the wasp larvae.
上面这个条件决定了下蛋，有个最小数，小于这个数，蛋就会死掉
If they laid too many eggs in a host egg, the developing wasp larvae would compete with each other to the death for nutrients and space
上面这个条件决定了，这个最小数的蛋需要一定的营养和空间，决定了最小的寄生蛋
这个要是考试的时候想的出来，我就是神了

作者: PepperAnnie 时间: 2010-3-14 20:44
个人认为选C项中说的是lay into the eggs ofdifferent host species，文章中说的产卵数量是根据宿主卵的sizes变化的，而不是宿主的species，同种的宿主卵的大小也可能不同的,应该是这儿错了，混淆概念。

作者: rainbowmanutd 时间: 2010-3-20 18:08
LS正解

作者: 13711 时间: 2010-3-20 20:42
我也问一下，我能这样想吗？？
因为C里面提到了experience，但是文中又没提到，可能会引起歧义吧，我想也许他是天生的呢

作者: goldwings 时间: 2010-4-10 16:17
from 3M：

(A) The size of the smallest host egg that a wasp could theoretically parasitize can be determined from the wasp's egg-laying behavior.
正确，因为不同型号的蛋的卵数量是不同的，可以根据卵的多少来确定蛋的型号，（下了n个蛋的和n-1个蛋的size的差就是the smallest host egg’s size）

作者: Sharonluo33 时间: 2010-5-12 14:44
B - Out of scope. We have been given no information about the available defenses that the host insects bring to the table.
C - All we know is that the wasps always lay exactly the right number of eggs. We have no information to determine whether the wasps learn this behavior or if it's something else (such as instinct).
D - No information about the speed of death for overpopulated vs. underpopulated host insect eggs.
E - No information about visual cues vs. any other cues.

A follows directly from the argument (even if it doesn't really say anything of much importance). If you want to know the size of the smallest possible host egg, you could study these wasps' egg-laying behavior and make some calculations based on the data you collect. Sounds plausible.

作者: shallbytwo 时间: 2011-4-21 10:39
从选项a的意思可以理解为，观察pw的下蛋，如果pw只下了一个egg，那么这个host egg就是最小的可以下蛋的尺寸。

作者: Mandy2010 时间: 2011-6-9 16:27

B - Out of scope. We have been given no information about the available defenses that the host insects bring to the table.
C - All we know is that the wasps always lay exactly the right number of eggs. We have no information to determine whether the wasps learn this behavior or if it's something else (such as instinct).
D - No information about the speed of death for overpopulated vs. underpopulated host insect eggs.
E - No information about visual cues vs. any other cues.

A follows directly from the argument (even if it doesn't really say anything of much importance). If you want to know the size of the smallest possible host egg, you could study these wasps' egg-laying behavior and make some calculations based on the data you collect. Sounds plausible.

-- by 会员 Sharonluo33 (2010/5/12 14:44:14)

我觉得楼上乃正解，用自己的理解再描述一遍，就是说可以通过研究蜂下蛋的行为来观察蜂的蛋一般都多大，一般都下多少个，它们一般都选择把蛋寄存在多大的蛋里来，然后根据这些数据，计算出一般理论上最小尺寸的host egg应该多大size。。。

C不准确的原因是，虽然蜂确实可以将egg准确无误的下在合适的host egg里，但并不代表这种能力是通过经验得到的，兴许蜂是通过遗传得到的呢，所以可以排除C

作者: MyrticeTAN 时间: 2011-10-27 10:44
我的理解是这样的。因为不同的HI有不同的最适SIZE，所以判别不同HI的不同最适size的最佳方式就是通过看W的放卵行为来得到那个平衡值。注意！！看清A选项的最重要一点是要明白这里不是从W的角度来得知最适size，而是从旁观者得研究角度来看的！

作者: ccjiby 时间: 2012-11-7 10:04
我一开始做错了，选了D。但是能明显感觉C不对。因为这个题目问的是从上面的信息可以推出什么？而C是黄蜂能根据经验来判断在多大的蛋里生多少的卵。这不能成立啊。题目没有提到这个经验学习的问题。（再者根据个人经验，要是昆虫都能学习经验，感觉都有智能了吧……）

后来想明白D不对的原因是这个早死晚死的问题：生少了，host eggs会坏，卵会死；生多了，虫子会竞争，也会死。哪个早点，不知道。

题目其实就是说wasp在一个蛋中，生多生少都不行，所以应该是要生个刚刚好的数目。

A的话，一开始觉得 egg-laying behavior 太笼统了，在这里应该是具体指产卵数量与host egg大小这个对应关系。综合大家分析之后我明白了：因为wasp得先把这个Host egg给 parasitize，然后再在上面产一定数量的卵（当然是刚刚好的啦）。那么反过来把这个过程根据题目给出的信息推导一下：
A：parasitize多大的蛋--》产多少的卵（注意，题目中的determin不是决定，而是判断，而且这个是理论上来说，不是绝对：）
题目：产多少的卵--》要在多大的蛋

注：这个箭头不是决定关系，而是对应关系。
夸张来说，如果一个wasp能产一个驼鸟蛋这么多的卵，它可能就在驼鸟蛋里产卵，那么就可以判断它能paratisize一个驼鸟蛋。
当然，我并不是说host egg真的是蛋……大家懂的……可能是其它昆虫的卵，我只是想夸张点说明问题……

作者: Monstella 时间: 2013-9-14 18:01
我想问下蛋的蛋的大小是一样的吗？？

作者: Satanilles 时间: 2014-12-4 16:03

нандин 发表于 2007-11-11 19:04
是不是这个意思：题目问的是Which of the following conclusions can properly be drawn from the informat ...

你这个字体我也是= ，=

作者: Satanilles 时间: 2014-12-4 16:05

PepperAnnie 发表于 2010-3-14 20:44
个人认为选C项中说的是lay into the eggs ofdifferent host species，文章中说的产卵数量是根据宿主卵的siz ...

有道理！！！！

作者: damaobaby 时间: 2014-12-18 23:07
great 8楼

作者: 雪奈Yukina 时间: 2015-1-22 07:07

shallbytwo 发表于 2011-4-21 10:39
从选项a的意思可以理解为，观察pw的下蛋，如果pw只下了一个egg，那么这个host egg就是最小的可以下蛋的尺寸 ...

作者: dxfy3572 时间: 2015-6-8 22:45

PepperAnnie 发表于 2010-3-14 20:44
个人认为选C项中说的是lay into the eggs ofdifferent host species，文章中说的产卵数量是根据宿主卵的siz ...

大家睁大眼睛看这里啊！！！
这里的维度已经不是size了，偷换成species了！！
太多争议题，都是因为读得不够仔细！无论CR还是SC！！！

作者: 争取一次就过 时间: 2017-1-16 06:19
18L 正解

作者: sivenhuidao1995 时间: 2017-6-13 16:47

нандин 发表于 2007-11-11 19:04
是不是这个意思：题目问的是Which of the following conclusions can properly be drawn from the informat ...

同意！

作者: frankzheng43 时间: 2017-7-27 10:52
Ron:
the passage states that "Parasitic wasps lay their eggs directly into the eggs of various host insects in exactly the right numbers for any suitable size of host egg".
therefore, we could observe the parasite's behavior until we saw a host egg for which "exactly the right number" was 1 egg.
since the wasp cannot lay less than 1 egg, this particular egg would then be the smallest possible host egg.
therefore, we should be able to determine the smallest possible host egg, so (a) is justified.

作者: oumaige 时间: 2017-8-13 15:40
(A) The size of the smallest host egg that a wasp could theoretically parasitize can be determined from the wasp's egg-laying behavior. egg-laying behavior 决定了size of the smallest host egg是结合了不能过多也不能过少这一信息得出来的，属于合理性推论。其难点在于前面是知道一个host egg 的size，就知道要parasitize多少，这里是如果只parasitize一个，那么是否能知道 the size of the host egg ，实际上二者意思是一样的。
(B) Host insects lack any effective defenses against the form of predation practiced by parasitic wasps.文中没有信息能够支撑lack defense这种说法
(C) Parasitic wasps learn from experience how many eggs to lay into the eggs of different host species.文中没有信息能够支撑 learn这一说法
(D) Failure to lay enough eggs would lead to the death of the developing wasp larvae more quickly than would laying too many eggs. 文中没有信息支撑more quickly这一说法
(E) Parasitic wasps use visual clues to calculate the size of a host egg. 文中没有信息支撑 visual clues这一说法

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