我觉得OG的解释不是很好，题干是要找二者的共同点，在第一段的倒数第二句话：Conventional theories,however, pridicted that that the distribution of particles would be increasingly dense toward the center of a meteor stream.那不就是说随着时间的增加stream 应该越来越密集紧缩，所以越老的stream 所造成的meteor shower 的duration 应该越短才是呀。
另外，OG在解释中将Astronomers have hypothesized............的扩散理论认为是传统理论，同时又用上句however 明确指出传统理论预测会收紧，把本来挺明确的结构关系搞乱，请牛牛们解释一下第一段的结构，谢谢。
题85的两个理论的共同点: Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time 和In the model... The researcher found, as expected,that the computer-model stream broadened with time. 都是指随着时间增长, stream越来越宽. 所以老的stream比小的宽大, 从而导致所产生的shower老的比小的时间长. (这个shower是地球穿越这个stream而引起的).
第一段:
A meteor stream is composed of dust particles that have been ejected from a parent comet at a variety of velocities. These particles follow the same orbit as the parent comet, but due to their differeing velocities they slowly gain on or fall behind the disintegrating comet until a shroud of dust surrounds the entire cometary orbit. 介绍了meteor stream是怎么回事
Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time as the dust particles’ individual orbits are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields./// A recent computer-modeling experimetn tested this hypothesis by tracking the influence of planetary gravitation over a projected 5,000-year period on the positions of a group of hypothetical dust particles. In the model, the particles were randomly distributed throughout a computer simulation of the orbit of an actual meteor stream, the Geminid. The researcher found, as expected,
that the computer-model stream broadened with time. 原来(传统)的观点---stream越变越宽. 实验证明的确如此.
Coventional theories, however, predicted that the distribution of particles would be increaingly dense toward the center of a meteor stream. ///Surpringly, the computer-model meteor stream gradually came to resemble a thick-walled, hollow pipe. 传统观念人为粒子象中心聚集, 但实验发现粒子呈管壮分布.
OG在解释中将Astronomers have hypothesized............的扩散理论认为是传统理论，同时又用上句however 明确指出传统理论预测会收紧，把本来挺明确的结构关系搞乱，请牛牛们解释一下第一段的结构，谢谢。
5个同学排成排。23，1，45， 这是中间细，两头dense的排法，23与1间隔2米。试验结果是这样。
conventional theories. 2，314，5， 中间dense,. 2与314间隔2米。
虽着时间older. 间隔变大....， 妹妹明白了吗。这个地方比较难讲。我想了好长时间
不过，这篇文章真考时肯定做不出的，在10分钟多一点的时间里。
请问86题，
哪里体现了Geminid meteor shower occurs yearly?
是这句话吗？Has the predicted twin-peaked activity been observed for the actual yearly GEminid meteor shower?
对, 我找得就是这句,
谢谢醋醋mm, 茅塞顿开的说
这篇文章看不懂，能作对，我可真是服了楼主了！
很多题目都是infer还有derive from，不懂也对！！偶大半看懂，错了大半，吼吼....
唉
强！！
OG对这片文章的结构分析是:
The author describes the new theoretical model in the first paragraph; in the
final paragraph the author states that the data obtained from actual observations, which are
discussed in the second and third paragraphs, is consistent with the new theoretical model.
但是文章最后
The Geminid data between 1970 and 1979 show just such a bifurcation, a secondary burst of meteor activity being clearly visible at an average of 19 hourse (1,200,000 miles) after the first burst. The time intervals between the bursts suggest the actual Geminid stream is about 3,000 years old. 产生bifurcation了,怎么还能说是consistent呀. 请指教
OG对这片文章的结构分析是:
The author describes the new theoretical model in the first paragraph; in the
final paragraph the author states that the data obtained from actual observations, which are
discussed in the second and third paragraphs, is consistent with the new theoretical model.
但是文章最后
The Geminid data between 1970 and 1979 show just such a bifurcation, a secondary burst of meteor activity being clearly visible at an average of 19 hourse (1,200,000 miles) after the first burst. The time intervals between the bursts suggest the actual Geminid stream is about 3,000 years old. 产生bifurcation了,怎么还能说是consistent呀. 请指教
这个分歧不是关于新理论的，而是关于在实验中预测Geminid有5000年，但实际在1970至1979年的观察中显示它只有3000年。
OG在解释中将Astronomers have hypothesized............的扩散理论认为是传统理论，同时又用上句however 明确指出传统理论预测会收紧，把本来挺明确的结构关系搞乱，请牛牛们解释一下第一段的结构，谢谢。
首先Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time，这个是传统理论(注意看have hypothesized--证明这是一个已经做过的假设了，是旧理论），接着被一个recent computer-modeling experiment 证明了这个假设。
Conventional theory ，however, predicted that distribution of particles would be dense toward the center of a metero stream. Surpriingly..........
这个however其实是和后面的surpringly 引导的句子成转折对比关系，可以翻译成：“这个传统理论认为中间会变厚， 然而令人惊奇的是，这个实验表明steam 会变成一个"壁厚而中空”pipe”。Surprisingly 后面的实验结果(“壁厚而中空”)才是文章重点讨论的新理论，它与传统的“变厚理论”都是基于Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time之上的。
不知道这样说清不清楚？
OG在解释中将Astronomers have hypothesized............的扩散理论认为是传统理论，同时又用上句however 明确指出传统理论预测会收紧，把本来挺明确的结构关系搞乱，请牛牛们解释一下第一段的结构，谢谢。
首先Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time，这个是传统理论(注意看have hypothesized--证明这是一个已经做过的假设了，是旧理论），接着被一个recent computer-modeling experiment 证明了这个假设。
Conventional theory ，however, predicted that distribution of particles would be dense toward the center of a metero stream. Surpriingly..........
这个however其实是和后面的surpringly 引导的句子成转折对比关系，可以翻译成：“这个传统理论认为中间会变厚， 然而令人惊奇的是，这个实验表明steam 会变成一个"壁厚而中空”pipe”。Surprisingly 后面的实验结果(“壁厚而中空”)才是文章重点讨论的新理论，它与传统的“变厚理论”都是基于Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time之上的。
不知道这样说清不清楚？
我觉得，说清楚了。^_^
A meteor stream is composed of dust particles that have been ejected from a parent comet at a variety of velocities. These particles follow the same orbit as the parent comet, but due to their differeing velocities they slowly gain on or fall behind the disintegrating comet until a shroud of dust surrounds the entire cometary orbit. Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time as the dust particles’ individual orbits are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields. A recent computer-modeling experimetn tested this hypothesis by tracking the influence of planetary gravitation over a projected 5,000-year period on the positions of a group of hypothetical dust particles. In the model, the particles were randomly distributed throughout a computer simulation of the orbit of an actual meteor stream, the Geminid. The researcher found, as expected, that the computer-model stream broadened with time. Coventional theories, however, predicted that the distribution of particles would be increaingly dense toward the center of a meteor stream. Surpringly, the computer-model meteor stream gradually came to resemble a thick-walled, hollow pipe.
以上是第一段。从黑体字部分可知，the research应是A recent computer-modeling experiment.
The OG I got before seems decouples the whole first paragraph exactly from "Astronomers ....". So, then I understand.
Thank you, Wangyu!
86题OG的解释简直是匪夷所思！
“The best answer is C. According to the passage, the Geminid meteor shower occurs yearly;
because meteor showers occur whenever the Earth passes through a meteor stream, one can infer
that the Earth crosses the Geminid stream once every year.”
我想做这题唯一的线索是：
“Has the predicted twin-peaked activity been observed
for the actual yearly Geminid meteor shower?”
我做两遍都错在这题上，根本没看到yearly。并且题面“orbits the Sun”跟太阳有什么关系呀？
地球每年绕太阳一圈，在围绕太阳运行的一圈的过程中，会碰到一次G流行雨。
86题OG的解释简直是匪夷所思！
“The best answer is C. According to the passage, the Geminid meteor shower occurs yearly;
because meteor showers occur whenever the Earth passes through a meteor stream, one can infer
that the Earth crosses the Geminid stream once every year.”
我想做这题唯一的线索是：
“Has the predicted twin-peaked activity been observed
for the actual yearly Geminid meteor shower?”
我做两遍都错在这题上，根本没看到yearly。并且题面“orbits the Sun”跟太阳有什么关系呀？
我也是看了OG后还是不明白，看样子这里ETS给下了个圈套。
A meteor stream is composed of dust particles that have been ejected from a parent comet at a variety of velocities. These particles follow the same orbit as the parent comet, but due to their differeing velocities they slowly gain on or fall behind the disintegrating comet until a shroud of dust surrounds the entire cometary orbit.
Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time as the dust particles’ individual orbits are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields. A recent computer-modeling experimetn tested this hypothesis by tracking the influence of planetary gravitation over a projected 5,000-year period on the positions of a group of hypothetical dust particles. In the model, the particles were randomly distributed throughout a computer simulation of the orbit of an actual meteor stream, the Geminid. The researcher found, as expected,
that the computer-model stream broadened with time. Coventional theories, however, predicted that the distribution of particles would be increaingly dense toward the center of a meteor stream. Surpringly, the computer-model meteor stream gradually came to resemble a thick-walled, hollow pipe.
Whenever the Earth passes through a meteor stream, a meteor shower occurs. Moving at a little over 1,500,000 miles per day around its orbit, the Earth would take, on average, just over a day to cross the hollow, computer-model Geminid stream if the stream were 5,000 years old. Two brief periods of peak meteor activity during the shower would be observed, one as the Earth entered the thick-walled “pipe” and one as it exited.
There is no reason why the Earth should always pass through the stream’s exact center, so the time interval between the two bursts of activity would vary from one year to the next.
Has the predicted twin-peaked activity been observed for the actual yearly GEminid meteor shower? The Geminid data between 1970 and 1979 show just such a bifurcation, a secondary burst of meteor activity being clearly visible at an average of 19 hourse (1,200,000 miles) after the first burst. The time intervals between the bursts suggest the actual Geminid stream is about 3,000 years old.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
请问highlight这句话到底表明是不是pass through the stream's exact center, 从理解上看应该是的.但如果穿过exact center, 为何每次间隔时间还要变呢?
这篇文章就是这里还有点疑惑,请大家帮忙解释一下.谢谢
80.
This question asks you to identify the primary focus of the passage.
The best answer is B. The author describes the new theoretical model in the first paragraph; in the
final paragraph the author states that the data obtained from actual observations, which are
discussed in the second and third paragraphs, is consistent with the new theoretical model.
Choice A is not correct; the computer model confirmed the astronomers’ hypothesis that meteor
streams broaden with time, and although the model yielded an unexpected result, the passage does
not contrast the predictions yielded by competing theories. Choice C and D are not correct because
the passage makes no reference to further areas for research, and only a single phenomenon is
described in the passage. And choice E is not correct because it reverses the order of events. The
model yielded a prediction that was subsequently confirmed by observational data, the model was
not constructed to explain the data.
1， 请 问 黄 色 部 分 ， 是 修 饰 谁 的 呢 ？ 我 怎 么 觉 得 只 有 最 后 一 段 讲 的 是 实 际 观 察 ， 前 面 讲 的 是 模 型 出 来 的 结 果 呢 ？
2， 还 有 选 项 A的 问 题 有 人 说 这 里 没 对 比 。 那 是 不 是 只 是 证 实 的 关 系 呢 ？ 而 且 这 里 存 在 两 个 理 论 吗 ？
多 谢
86题OG的解释简直是匪夷所思！
“The best answer is C. According to the passage, the Geminid meteor shower occurs yearly;
because meteor showers occur whenever the Earth passes through a meteor stream, one can infer
that the Earth crosses the Geminid stream once every year.”
我想做这题唯一的线索是：
“Has the predicted twin-peaked activity been observed
for the actual yearly Geminid meteor shower?”
我做两遍都错在这题上，根本没看到yearly。并且题面“orbits the Sun”跟太阳有什么关系呀？
同问，象我这样的白痴不知道地球每年绕太阳一圈的，这题就做不出来了。ETS不是应该不带背景知识的考察嘛？
80.
This question asks you to identify the primary focus of the passage.
The best answer is B. The author describes the new theoretical model in the first paragraph; in the
final paragraph the author states that the data obtained from actual observations, which are
discussed in the second and third paragraphs, is consistent with the new theoretical model.
Choice A is not correct; the computer model confirmed the astronomers’ hypothesis that meteor
streams broaden with time, and although the model yielded an unexpected result, the passage does
not contrast the predictions yielded by competing theories. Choice C and D are not correct because
the passage makes no reference to further areas for research, and only a single phenomenon is
described in the passage. And choice E is not correct because it reverses the order of events. The
model yielded a prediction that was subsequently confirmed by observational data, the model was
not constructed to explain the data.
1， 请 问 黄 色 部 分 ， 是 修 饰 谁 的 呢 ？ 我 怎 么 觉 得 只 有 最 后 一 段 讲 的 是 实 际 观 察 ， 前 面 讲 的 是 模 型 出 来 的 结 果 呢 ？
2， 还 有 选 项 A的 问 题 有 人 说 这 里 没 对 比 。 那 是 不 是 只 是 证 实 的 关 系 呢 ？ 而 且 这 里 存 在 两 个 理 论 吗 ？
多 谢
两个理论参见18-22。Conventional theories, however...........
阅读There is no reason why the Earth should always pass through the stream’s exact center, so the time interval between the two bursts of activity would vary from one year to the next.。是什么意思？
so 后半句也是否定的？偶觉得有歧义？
就是说他又的时候从中间穿过，有的时候从边上，所以时间是不一定的
我想问一下第81题
81. According to the passage, which of the following is an accurate statement concerning meteor streams?
(A) Meteor streams and comets start out with smiliar orbits, but only those of meteor streams are perturbed by planetary gravittion.
(B) Meteor streams grow as dust particles are attracted by the gravitational fields of comets.
(C) Meteor streams are composed of dust particles derived from comets.
(D) Comets may be composed of several kinds of materials, while meteor streams consitst only of large dust particles.
(E) Once formed, meteor streams hasten the further disintegration of comets.
b选项为什么错？
Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time as the dust particles’ individual orbits are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields.
这句话不就是选项么？
og解释说it is planetary gravitation, not the gravitational fields of comits, that cause meteor streams to increase in size.可是文章里明明是are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields嘛！
？？？
难道这个问题简单到没有人愿意回答？？。。。
b选项为什么错？
答ANNIYA:
Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time as the dust particles’ individual orbits are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields.
这句话不就是选项么？
og解释说it is planetary gravitation, not the gravitational fields of comits, that cause meteor streams to increase in size.可是文章里明明是are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields嘛！
文章自始至终只谈Plantery gravtional 的影响(行星的万有引力),没谈comet gravational 的影响.
据说,类似问题找文章中首次出现的地方。
这篇文章我也读得糊里糊涂，部分题作了2遍还错了
这是我写的逻辑简图，欢迎大家批评指导。
套路：新Model解释现象（Meteor Stream）
第一段：Meteor Stream的形成概括和新Model和Conventional理论
Thess Partical...but due to...
Astornomers Hypothesized ...
A reconet computer-modeling..
The researher found..
Conventional theories, however..
Surprisingly...Resemble thick -wall hollow pipe
第二段：用新Model解释流星雨的形成
Whenever..
Two brief periods...would be (表示假设）。。one as ..and one as ..
no Reason why...so
第3段：Model的Prediction
Time intervel suggest...
就是说他又的时候从中间穿过，有的时候从边上，所以时间是不一定的
我想问一下第81题
81. According to the passage, which of the following is an accurate statement concerning meteor streams?
(A) Meteor streams and comets start out with smiliar orbits, but only those of meteor streams are perturbed by planetary gravittion.
(B) Meteor streams grow as dust particles are attracted by the gravitational fields of comets.
(C) Meteor streams are composed of dust particles derived from comets.
(D) Comets may be composed of several kinds of materials, while meteor streams consitst only of large dust particles.
(E) Once formed, meteor streams hasten the further disintegration of comets.
b选项为什么错？
Astronomers have hypothesized that a meteor stream should broaden with time as the dust particles’ individual orbits are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields.
这句话不就是选项么？
og解释说it is planetary gravitation, not the gravitational fields of comits, that cause meteor streams to increase in size.可是文章里明明是are perturbed by planetary gravitational fields嘛！
反了，不是comets自身的gravitational fields 的attracted ，而是其他planetary gravitational fields。
设想：如果是comets自身的，那么Meteor streams 的变化趋势应该是收缩，而不是“grow”。
这篇文章我惊天地泣鬼神的做了20分钟，连懵带猜虽然全做对了，但这在考场上是不可能的。
很多题在定位的时候虽然知道文章中肯定提过，但就搞不清是否与问题相干。
大家对于做这种科技文有什么好方法吗？
ring_cheng 发表于 2005-3-15 22:58
接着前面fair_sword的说法： OG在解释中将Astronomers have hypothesized............的扩散理论认为是传统 ...
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