ChaseDream

标题: 真题4（大全42题）讨论总结 [打印本页]

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-11-3 01:35
标题: 真题4（大全42题）讨论总结
4. According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Association of American Medical Colleges, minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas.
(A) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice
(B) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than other graduates who plan on practicing
(C) minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing
(D) it is nearly four times more likely that minority graduates rather than other graduates will plan to practice
(E) it is nearly four times as likely for minority graduates than other graduates to plan to practice

真题4经过长时间的讨论，在CD各路顶尖武林高手（声明我不是）的共同参与过招之中，在anchoret的所提供宝贵资料帮助之下，正确答案基本现出了原形，现在将这些讨论的成果总结如下：

1、首先,真题4的答案A中的第二个are多余。
答案A简化就是：
graduates A are 4 times more likely than graduates B are in doing something.
答案A中的第二个are 多余。从885中没有找到一题将第二个be动词补出的情况，但却找到2题在逻辑上类似，但都没有在第二个人称名词前/后补出be动词。请看：

Several studies have found that the coronary patients who exercise most actively are at least fifty percent less likely than those who are sedentary to die of a heart attack.
简化：patients A are 50% less likely than patients B to die of a heart attack

Studies show that young people with higher-than-average blood pressure whose families have a history of high blood pressure are more likely than others to develop a severe form of the condition.
简化：people A are more likely than people B to develop a condition

In the 1998 survey, blacks (34%) are nearly four times as likely as whites (9%) to fall into the most anti-Semitic category.

However, they were 14 to 23 times more likely than non-threateners to report having attacked someone with a knife and 17 times more likely to report having shot at someone.

〖小结〗
从语感的角度，A is xxx time more/less likely than B to do something比较顺畅；
从句子的有效性来看，A中如果省略are不会引起任何误解，不会丢失任何信息；
从句子的简洁性来看，A中应该省略are。至少B中省略are是完全没有任何问题的。

2、习惯用法是be likely to do，而非“be likely in doing”。
除了上面的众多例子外，再请看：

minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates to plan to practice

People who visit a zoo in a given year are two times more likely to visit a pure aquarium that year than are people who do not visit a zoo.

那么可不可以将A中的in理解为“在某一方面”呢？
不可以！如果把in理解为“在某一方面”，那么句子的前半部分就没有了下文：
minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates (in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas)
minority graduates比other graduates更加可能什么呢？不知道！只知道在某个方面(in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas)更可能。
换句话说，“minority graduates are nearly four times more likely”并不是一个完整的表达，它必须要带宾语，而这个宾语只能由TO来引导。
另外，如果理解为“在方面(in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas)更可能”，逻辑也不通，至少很别扭。

当然，in的例子也有，看下面的：
Although the concentration of atmospheric methane is more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of carbon dioxide, it cannot be ignored: the radiative properties of methane make it 20 times more effective, molecule for molecule, than carbon dioxide in absorbing radiant heat.
但是，这个例子中的前半部分在意思上是完整的，也就是
the radiative properties of methane make it 20 times more effective
本身能说得通，effective已经把所要表达的意思都完整地表达了。

3、A is N times as adj as B的说法是地道规范的。
（谁以C中的four times as likely as排除C必会铸成大错，悔恨终身！）

Also, it was pointed out, milk-drinking English women get some kinds of cancer eighteen times as frequently as Japanese women who seldom drink milk.

In recent days, while the price of MEGA Corporation stock has been falling, the corporation’s officers and directors have bought up to nine times as much of it as they have sold.

Black Americans are, on the whole, about twice as likely as White Americans to develop high blood pressure.

An MRI is just as likely as an angiogram to identify an arterial blockage.

Legal principles are just as likely as legal rules to have terms that have both core and peripheral meanings.

4、“plan on doing/sth”和“plan to do something”的都是正确、规范、地道的英文用法：

I think we can plan on remaining here until Wednesday.

I was wondering who you were planning on rooming with next year.

When do you plan on going to Geneva?

The former president is planning a return to politics.

I plan on six kids.

He said he planned to write his essay tonight.

5、关于原来句子中的“几乎五倍”（nearly four times more likely than...）变成了“几乎四倍”（nearly four times as likely as...）是否可以接受的问题，一般认为保持原意不能作为100％的判定理由。不改变句子原意甚至不能算作原则，因为原句表达可能错误，不能说修改了原句的意思就错。如果要说的话，就应该说不改变句子最可能的意思，而不是原句的意思。

〖总结〗综上所述，正确答案是C。
【鸣谢】感谢所有参与讨论的武林英雄，江湖豪杰。

作者: anchoret 时间: 2003-11-3 01:51
实在是太厉害，太完整了！！！！

感动ing~~~~~~~~

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-11-3 02:06
感谢老安，我正想向你汇报。

作者: anchoret 时间: 2003-11-3 02:08
我已经更改了真题答案。

作者: braveMBA 时间: 2003-11-3 02:10
佩服，GEMJ

作者: ballpark 时间: 2003-11-3 03:10
牛

作者: yzlinlin 时间: 2003-11-3 03:30
如果gemj的最后得分<800，那我们就有充分理由怀疑ETS出题的科学性。

佩服ing!

不过我还是心仪我的A啊。

看样子这题可真是一个硬骨头。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-11-3 3:41:52编辑过]

作者: cthd007 时间: 2003-11-3 04:31
NIU but NIU.

作者: sbbi 时间: 2003-11-3 04:45
这就是菜牛和肉牛的区别呀.

作者: czw69 时间: 2003-11-3 07:41
one word: niu

作者: miejue 时间: 2003-11-3 10:28
Gemj真是我的典范佩服。。。。

作者: pekingpuppy 时间: 2003-11-3 11:06
同意C：C的倍数为4倍，而原题中的意思也应该是4倍。这里说“应该是四倍”，是因为这个第一选项语意模糊。原题中的more既可以修饰likely，也可以修饰four times。原题这句话有两种理解方式：

minority graduates are nearly four times （more likely）than are other graduates in planning to practice...

minority graduates are nearly four times （more likely than are）other graduates in planning to practice...

出题者本意应该是用more than迷惑考生一下，让你掉入4倍还是5倍的陷阱。而实际上，more likely than are本身就是语意含混，让读者连4倍还是5倍都闹不清，难道还没错吗？

再看选项(C)：

minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing

as likely as就没有那种由more likely than are引起的歧意。因此我想“不改变出题原意”这个原则实际上是一个大大的悖论，宜慎用：原题本身就有可能是错的，而且是80％的可能是错的，在这个前提下，谁能保证它的“原意”是什么？我认为就是找“原意”也要在划线部分以外找“原意”，否则这个“原意”本身就建立在沙滩之上，谈何正确。GMAT白纸黑字写着要考生去掉模棱两可的选项，一切那些新东方自己摸索出来的不成文的规则都要服从这个“指代唯一，含意确定无误”原则。

另外本人原来的笔名chinwei好像不能用了，能否请哪位版主看看给拍开？谢谢！

4. According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Association of American Medical Colleges, 【minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice 】in socioeconomically deprived areas.
(A) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice
(B) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than other graduates who plan on practicing
(C) minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing
(D) it is nearly four times more likely that minority graduates rather than other graduates will plan to practice
(E) it is nearly four times as likely for minority graduates than other graduates to plan to practice

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-11-3 11:51:51编辑过]

作者: remeo 时间: 2003-11-3 23:17
大牛商学院的预备PHD全奖者！！！

gemj的作风实在是有口皆碑——塌实，严谨！！！

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-11-3 23:22

以下是引用remeo在2003-11-3 23:17:00的发言：
大牛商学院的预备PHD全奖者！！！

gemj的作风实在是有口皆碑——塌实，严谨！！！

remeo对我的评价太高了，不敢当啊。
在CD这个大牛、大仙、大师如云的社区，实在惭愧！

作者: john1388 时间: 2003-11-4 05:13
4.According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Association of American Medical Colleges, minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas.
(A) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice
(B) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than other graduates who plan on practicing
(C) minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing
(D) it is nearly four times more likely that minority graduates rather than other graduates will plan to practice
(E) it is nearly four times as likely for minority graduates than other graduates to plan to practice

I support A.

Pls substitute " four times as 100%":

(A) minority graduates are nearly 100% more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice

(C) minority graduates are nearly 100% as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing

A is perfect, but C is comfused!

2. "plan to practice" is better than "plan on practicing".".(but "more likely to do " is better)

作者: sbbi 时间: 2003-11-4 06:27
why "plan to practice" is better than "plan on practicing"?

作者: john1388 时间: 2003-11-4 07:09
why "plan to practice" is better than "plan on practicing"?

Answer: Both are right. Therefore this part is not the focus of ETS. My personal feeling is that " plan to do" is relative better than "plan on doing".

作者: joice 时间: 2003-11-4 12:11
A.

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-11-4 12:18

以下是引用joice在2003-11-4 12:11:00的发言：
A.

joice说话很简练，你能解释一下吗？
当然，以前说过的原因就不要再重复了。

作者: joice 时间: 2003-11-4 13:05
gemj　gg,
很景仰你治学态度！这题我只是intuition.

作者: cthd007 时间: 2003-11-5 04:13
Personally, I think the right answer whether is A or C is besisde the point now. What made me so impressed and learnt from this is that gemj's attitude and everyone's contribution and involving.

Just for your curious, i did ask this question for my friends (one guy scored 45 in verbal, and he's a native). All those guys picked up A, but only one NN can give out the explanation, the rests judged it by feeling.

My major point is not convincing your guys with those NNs, but rather get senses and learn from what native america thought. After all, GMAT is an american exam.

Here is his explanation:

The basic problem with C is that it breaks the parallel structure. It says minority graduates are four times as likely as other graudates to plan...
Here the comparison is meant to be between what the minority graduates plan versus what other graduates plan : Hence it should have been worded as

"minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as are other graduates"

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-11-5 5:02:24编辑过]

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-4-3 17:37
up

This room is three times larger than that one. 这个房间比哪个房间大2倍。（注意，不是大3倍）

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-4-3 18:19:53编辑过]

作者: wangdaya 时间: 2004-4-5 18:51
好样的。谢了。

作者: quiny 时间: 2005-8-2 07:50
3x

作者: vivinzone 时间: 2005-8-2 20:20

好棒！

作者: icare1 时间: 2005-8-3 00:08

顶

作者: philipsnf 时间: 2005-8-3 15:24

以下是引用pekingpuppy在2003-11-3 11:06:00的发言：
同意C：C的倍数为4倍，而原题中的意思也应该是4倍。这里说“应该是四倍”，是因为这个第一选项语意模糊。原题中的more既可以修饰likely，也可以修饰four times。原题这句话有两种理解方式：

minority graduates are nearly four times （more likely）than are other graduates in planning to practice...

minority graduates are nearly four times （more likely than are）other graduates in planning to practice...

出题者本意应该是用more than迷惑考生一下，让你掉入4倍还是5倍的陷阱。而实际上，more likely than are本身就是语意含混，让读者连4倍还是5倍都闹不清，难道还没错吗？

再看选项(C)：

minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing

as likely as就没有那种由more likely than are引起的歧意。因此我想“不改变出题原意”这个原则实际上是一个大大的悖论，宜慎用：原题本身就有可能是错的，而且是80％的可能是错的，在这个前提下，谁能保证它的“原意”是什么？我认为就是找“原意”也要在划线部分以外找“原意”，否则这个“原意”本身就建立在沙滩之上，谈何正确。GMAT白纸黑字写着要考生去掉模棱两可的选项，一切那些新东方自己摸索出来的不成文的规则都要服从这个“指代唯一，含意确定无误”原则。

我认为这个解释比楼主的更准确，因为词语修饰的歧义性本身就是GMAT考试的一个考点

作者: 香香茶 时间: 2006-5-17 15:27

前人的精华，真是让人佩服。顶上来，让更多人看到。

作者: 毛毛青虫 时间: 2006-5-18 17:01

我自己假想的最佳答案：

minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than other graduates in planning to practice

作者: 小小亚述 时间: 2006-10-10 15:17

的确把27楼的解释和gemj　ＧＧ的结合起来就更好了．

good discussion ! 谢谢各位ＮＮ分析!

作者: 飞天猪piggy 时间: 2006-12-14 23:48

时隔3年现在看看还是精华！！！

XDF书上答案给错了~~~

作者: CedricLi 时间: 2007-7-1 21:22

以下是引用飞天猪piggy在2006-12-14 23:48:00的发言：

时隔3年现在看看还是精华！！！

XDF书上答案给错了~~~

3年半了。。。

作者: plato1983 时间: 2007-7-2 15:38
分析果然透彻，佩服

作者: LuckiPanda 时间: 2007-7-20 15:35
时隔10年再看看还会是精华

作者: kittymiaomiao 时间: 2007-7-28 17:39

thank you very much. very helpful

作者: huangyh03 时间: 2007-9-21 06:03
只是现在的大牛似乎少了，怀念2003那个大牛云集的年代

作者: ranning 时间: 2007-9-21 07:57

个人认为其实这道题的解题关键在于likely to这个搭配...看好这个就可以了

作者: tw0102 时间: 2007-12-13 15:50
楼上的MM能不能说的更详细些呢?

作者: tw0102 时间: 2007-12-13 16:17

超级不同意pekingpuppy GG的见解,如果是这样的话,就那前面gemj举的例子来说,

However, they were 14 to 23 times more likely than non-threateners to report having attacked someone with a knife and 17 times more likely to report having shot at someone.

也可以做这样的分析:

However, they were 14 to 23 times (more likely) than non-threateners to report having attacked someone with a knife and 17 times more likely to report having shot at someone.

However, they were 14 to 23 times (more likely than) non-threateners to report having attacked someone with a knife and 17 times more likely to report having shot at someone.

这样的话,大家都不要做比较啦

作者: tw0102 时间: 2007-12-13 16:24

以下是引用飞天猪piggy在2006-12-14 23:48:00的发言：

时隔3年现在看看还是精华！！！

XDF书上答案给错了~~~

呵呵,今天刚好距离飞天猪piggy发言又一年.也真得很钦佩03年各位NN的严谨精神,谢谢你们打下的天下.

也希望大家可以把当年NN们打下的天下发扬壮大!

作者: ricee 时间: 2008-5-21 19:26
惊叹! 感觉和看黄金圣斗士打穿叹息墙一样. (不过这个比喻似乎欠妥......)

作者: alohabrian 时间: 2008-12-31 18:27
宛若上古神兽一般的存在，各位03一代的NN，都可以去另立门户砸新东方的门牌了。

作者: wmcarrie666 时间: 2009-4-12 22:54

C is correct

A are 多余。MingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">习惯用法是be likely to doMingLiU","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">，而非“be likely in doing”

B plan to do变成定语从句错.改变句子重心。

D will 时态不对。
It 若是代指that… 句子表达的意思逻辑有问题。

E as, than 错

作者: 天蝎座1107 时间: 2009-4-20 18:18

考前在N贴向各位N人致敬太N了

作者: lcy19812000 时间: 2009-4-25 18:09

以下是引用ricee在2008-5-21 19:26:00的发言：
惊叹! 感觉和看黄金圣斗士打穿叹息墙一样. (不过这个比喻似乎欠妥......)

哈哈哈，我觉得很好的比喻啊。

作者: happywawa 时间: 2009-7-7 18:42
感谢各位牛人造福万代的卓越贡献。

作者: feifeizoe 时间: 2009-8-9 10:56

真的太佩服Gemj，看着他的大全，以及CD上面的那么多讨论，太造福后人了！

作者: emilyzhang58 时间: 2009-8-9 13:36

太牛了

作者: jinrui0214 时间: 2009-9-13 23:02
太强大了！

作者: mars_cheung 时间: 2009-9-29 20:36

这题在最新的 prep 里面已经定论为 C。

NN 们的讨论非常精彩，获益匪浅

此贴必须顶啊~~~~~~~~ 那个NN辈出的年代~~~~~~~~~~

[此贴子已经被作者于2009/9/29 20:37:58编辑过]

作者: singasong519 时间: 2009-10-8 03:29
up

作者: keepdreaming 时间: 2009-10-16 15:55
后辈进来敬仰一下各位大侠.

作者: bruceye4 时间: 2010-3-18 09:26
五体投地

作者: afei0128 时间: 2010-3-23 23:13
景仰GEMJ

作者: Christina2046 时间: 2010-3-24 09:34
厉害~~

作者: skayouyou 时间: 2010-5-27 17:52
必须得顶

作者: xjytracy 时间: 2010-7-29 00:32
经典~!增加见识了~回头好好复习

作者: 超超琪琪格 时间: 2010-8-22 15:07
啊，我很佩服自己竟然看完了。。。

作者: tinypersist 时间: 2011-1-15 02:50
解释的真到位，太谢谢了！

作者: tinypersist 时间: 2011-1-15 02:52
必须顶！！

作者: 翁羽凌虚 时间: 2011-1-31 14:53
谢谢 ~~~咩~~

作者: sanlingjie 时间: 2011-9-3 08:26
。。。。。。。。。。C

作者: CHRISTINE2010 时间: 2011-11-12 20:12
完全仰视03年的各位NN们，更加仰视Gemj~~~

作者: wangjieava23 时间: 2012-4-17 13:22
这个帖子成为经典了，快十年了。

作者: hustwebweb 时间: 2012-7-2 20:13
9年后看此贴，依然熠熠生辉！

作者: ninamikou 时间: 2012-7-18 14:58
大牛真多啊羡慕嫉妒恨 XD 膜拜

作者: clair1107 时间: 2012-7-22 23:35
我也顶一顶

作者: 静夜怡然 时间: 2012-8-2 10:26
太精彩了~~！

作者: evlily8783 时间: 2012-9-3 16:06
讲得很清楚，谢谢！

作者: zxppx 时间: 2012-9-21 12:15
不胜感激！

作者: littlebowlsep 时间: 2012-11-6 10:40
WA SAI...这种认真严谨...thank you for share...

作者: ringolam 时间: 2012-11-26 23:22
每次逛CD都好激动。。。好厉害！！！大家都要考好呀！！！

作者: 腊肠宝宝 时间: 2013-10-12 14:52
这个问题已经困惑我很久了，楼主的解释很详细！另外补充一下~在曼哈顿语法的第十三章有一句话说G中一般都是as 几倍 as, 虽然有more than 几倍的情况在G中出现过一次，但应该避免此情况。十三章的256页，原话是这样的：In one gmat problem(#72 in the verbal supplement), the correct answer says that certain numbers are "as 5 times greater than..."other numbers. In general， however，this usage should be avoided.
离二战还有四天，偏偏又换了题库。。。大家一起加油！祝梦想成真~~

作者: gabrielpei 时间: 2013-12-29 15:55
Cool! 这样的强帖必须留名啊!!! 拜服了....笔记都抄了几页, 真的讲的很清楚.

虽然我还是不理解为啥A 的第二个are是应该省略而不是本来就不应该有. A are 4 times more than B. 语法结构应该是完整吧?

哦...我知道了, 完整的句子应该是 A are 4 times more likely to....than B are likely to....是这样吧?

作者: mysonnic 时间: 2014-4-19 14:11
谢谢~~~·~~~~

作者: rexinshu 时间: 2015-1-22 23:56
12年后前来膜拜大神！！！！！！！！！！！！！！一代代的gmat人

作者: huanyoushijie 时间: 2015-5-15 11:03

gemj 发表于 2003-11-3 01:35
4.    According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Asso ...

同意！

作者: GEMMAWEI 时间: 2015-6-11 15:59
12年过去了，还是同样的考点

作者: AnnieFFish 时间: 2016-9-1 21:38
2016年的大旗我来扛！ 2333333
十三年过去了
依然经典
谢谢楼主

作者: vesperrr 时间: 2017-6-5 20:10
14年过去了，看到大神的答案还是膜拜不已啊

作者: DaYangDa 时间: 2017-8-9 10:59
看一下！

作者: 追梦的Yvonne 时间: 2018-8-4 12:37
感谢分享！

作者: 不是咸yu 时间: 2019-8-1 16:53
顶楼主！

作者: EDRIS 时间: 2020-2-15 09:43

gemj 发表于 2003-11-3 01:35
4.    According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Asso ...

同意！

作者: Yinggogogo 时间: 2020-8-20 11:06
感谢分享！

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