SC大全42题选C，小安45真题SC第4题选A - ChaseDream

以下是引用gemj在2003-11-2 2:53:00的发言：
我想这个题目现在应该有定论了。我们从选项A的软肋more likely than … in入手！
  (1) 首先，如果选项A正确的话，那么为什么不是更加IDIOMATIC的下列形式：
  minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates to plan to practice下面是一个与选项A高度类似的例子，用的是TO而非IN（所有阅读和逻辑中出现的类似结构中没有用IN的）：
  (D) People who visit a zoo in a given year are two times more likely to visit a pure aquarium that year than are people who do not visit a zoo.

  (2) 其次，如果把IN理解为“在某一方面”，那么句子的前半部分就没有了下文：
  minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates (in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas)
  minority graduates比other graduates更加什么呢？不知道！只知道在某个方面(in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas)更可能。换句话说，“minority graduates are nearly four times more likely”并不是一个完整的表达，它必须要带宾语，而这个宾语只能由TO来引导。

  当然，IN的例子也有，看下面的：
  Although the concentration of atmospheric methane is more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of carbon dioxide, it cannot be ignored: the radiative properties of methane make it 20 times more effective, molecule for molecule, than carbon dioxide in absorbing radiant heat.
  但是，这个例子中的前半部分在意思上是完整的，也就是the radiative properties of methane make it 20 times more effective本身能说得通，effective已经把所要表达的意思都完整地表达了。

  (3) 最后再看三个as likely as的结构，后面一律跟TO。（这也间接地说明了more likely than … 后面要跟TO啊！）
  Black Americans are, on the whole, about twice as likely as White Americans to develop high blood pressure. This likelihood also holds for westernized Black Africans when compared to White Africans.

  (D) An MRI is just as likely as an angiogram to identify an arterial blockage.

  (D) Legal principles are just as likely as legal rules to have terms that have both core and peripheral meanings.

  也就是说，A错误，C正确。

以下是引用nina23在2003-11-2 6:08:00的发言：

我查了字典，LIKELY后面用TO 的结构比较好，可是C中是缺成分的呀，如果没有ARE比较双方的中心词岂不是不一样了？

而且我记得白勇的书上说过，n times more这个结构有歧义，一般不用的。

158. With only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources, drive more than one-third of its automobiles, and use 21 times more water per capita than Europeans do.

251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .

另外C中的are，我认为不能去掉，虽然有plan on这个词组。再者，four times as likely as 不如four times more likely ，times as ...as是...多少倍，而times more than。。比...多多少倍。

some people argue 这个题目是否考likely to do？不太同意，likely 本身是个形容词，可以说more likely ...而in这个是跟likely没关系的把，in 表示在某方面怎样怎样，所以还是选A，个人意见

看了上面的讨论，查了一下longman，觉得C应该是正确的，关于是four times more likely 还是four times as likely as，这两种用法在longman当中都出现过，所以从语法上来讲都应该是正确的。

觉得A的错误不是关于four times more 或者是four times as likely as的歧义问题，而正是A选项在than后面错误的补上了are, are is redundant here.

Some of the doctors are paid almost twice as much as the nurses.--注意其中的结构：主语（some of the doctors）+谓语(are paid)+twice(这里可以被替换为four times or five times)+as much as(这里可以被替换为as likely as)+ 比较的名词,这里的nurses(are paid)在书面英语中被简洁的省略了。

As homeowners, disabled people are more likely than other households to experience poor housing conditions.

Young drivers are far more likely to have accidents than older drivers.--这里也没有用 than are older drivers

longman中所有的例句都将比较后面的谓语动词省略，就像上面的那道例句，为什么不说，we work as hard as any other team work in england,因为这样不简洁。

根据以往nn的总结，结构：主语 + be + adj比较级 + than，后面应当省略be动词

A的第2个错误是likely的用法，楼上说likely本身是个形容词，可以说more likely，但在longman里likely做形容词讲的时候，通常是用likely to do/be something,这样的用法，或者是likely+noun,没有见到过likely in doing 这样的结构，我认为这样的结构是unidiomatic,

可是看到gemj大牛gg给出的下面的例子，没有话说了,考试碰到就选c了。

其他帖子里有人问老美，有时候他们凭语感给的答案也不一定对，还是要向gemj前辈们学习，严谨治学。

Black Americans are, on the whole, about twice as likely as White Americans to develop high blood pressure. This likelihood also holds for westernized Black Africans when compared to White Africans.

我是这么看的：nearly（或at least）+ four times 后不能再进行比较，只能用 as。。。as的形式

说c改变意思的可能有问题。我们中国人绝对是这样以为，因为小学做数学题就是绕这个。可是，看这个例子：

Although the concentration of atmospheric methane is more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of carbon dioxide, it cannot be ignored: the radiative properties of methane make it 20 times more effective, molecule for molecule, than carbon dioxide in absorbing radiant heat.
这里老外不会指实际是他的21倍吧？

还有，说那个地震波的破坏力100 times more than ....，决不会说他的破会力是后者的101倍吧?

A吧..原文的意思是four times more likely than....就是多四倍.也是前面的是后面的五倍.....而C中是four times as likely as ...是四倍哦...

为什么不是minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than other graduates are...？

这是托福中讲的语法，不知道在这里有多少适用，仅给大家做个参考

某人（某物）在做某事方面可能性更大（比较一种可能性），likely 并非通

常见到的likely to do sth.的意思。其次，plan to do sth.也非不可。

说c改变意思的可能有问题。我们中国人绝对是这样以为，因为小学做数学题就是绕这个。可是，看这个例子：

还有，说那个地震波的破坏力100 times more than ....，决不会说他的破会力是后者的101倍吧?

这些都是初中的简单的句型，大家在考试的时候一定要学会联想，想想那些最简单的句型，只有那些才是根本，才是最可靠最不会错的^_^

以下是引用haoning在2005-5-27 10:12:00的发言：

而且我记得白勇的书上说过，n times more这个结构有歧义，一般不用的。

比如说，2 times more,可以理解为2倍，也可以理解为3倍。

这是我排除A的原因。

Hispanics are half as likely as whites to receive pain medications in emergency rooms for the same injuries

In recent presidential elections, affluent voters, who tend to be liberal on cultural matters, are about twice as likely as middle-class and poor voters to…..

Physicians with high levels of belief were more than seven times as likely as those with low levels to believe that religion is a large…

Men are at least twice as
            likely
            as women to be alcoholics and three times more likely
        to be drug addicts.

According to…, minority graduates are…four times as likely as…to plan on…

A. 主语比较，are多余。Be likely in doing…用法错误，应为be likely to do…。

B. who plan on practicing修饰graduates
改变原句含义，使原句意义不完整。

C. 正确。four times as likely as…和four times more likely than…都是可以的(OG同6例，各3例)。Be likely to do..使用正确，plan on doing…使用正确。

D. 改变原句含义（离谱）。It is likely that…句型可以用。OG 10 237

解释的真的很好，A 中的不是多余，可以说是错误了，补全的话没法理解