21. Historian: We can learn about the medical history of individuals through chemical analysis of their hair. It is likely, for example, that Isaac Newton’s psychological problems were due to mercury poisoning; traces of mercury were found in his hair. Analysis is now being done on a lock of Beethoven’s hair. Although no convincing argument has shown that Beethoven ever had a venereal disease, some people hypothesize that venereal disease caused his deafness. Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease, if researchers find a trace of mercury in his hair, we can conclude that this hypothesis is correct.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the historian’s argument depends?
(A) None of the mercury introduced into the body can be eliminated.
(B) Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.
(C) Mercury is an effective treatment for venereal disease.
(D) Mercury poisoning can cause deafness in people with venereal disease.
(E) Beethoven suffered from psychological problems of the same severity as
答案是B呢，怎么都想不明白啊？
答案是不是错了.
应该是D才对. LZ再检查一下看看有没有看错.
FEIFEI上的解释:
There should be 2 assumptions to support the hypothesis. The 1st assumption of the author is that only venereal disease will be treated by mercury in Beethoven’s time. The 2nd assumption is only some people in Beethoven's time will ingest mercury, if all people ingest mercury, the evidence is not useful. So, some people in Beethoven's time did not ingest mercury. The answer should be B.
A, E have nothing to do with the argument.
C is not necessary, 'Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease' is enough.
D is wrong: according to the author, it is the venereal disease that will cause the deafness, not the mercury poison.
该题答案应该是B。偶不是NN，自己是这样做的：
A trace of M in his hair | ðð | Beethoven had a venereal disease, which caused his deafness |
People with a venereal disease ingest M | ðð | A trace of M in his hair |
上面格里的是题中直接推理过程，下面是隐含推理过程。合起来看，应该比较清楚。答案B取非，应该是消弱结论，因此应为答案。
如有不当之处，请指正！
一开始以为是A,再想想是B.
B可以推出mercury都是用在治疗venereal disease上的，所以才成立。
应该是B，因为不是所有人都服用Mercury，说明服用Mercury是用来治疗性病，进而从头发的成分分析发现的痕迹才能说明他曾经得过性病。
同志们啊，你们好像都是用的not+weaken 巴，但是如果加了not也不应该是全否阿，好像应该是一些人在贝多芬的时代吸mercury，所以就不能削弱了啊！帮我解释一下吧 谢谢各位阿！
to wenzi8565:
前两天刚做了这道题，说一下我的想法，如果不对请指正！
B: 在贝多芬时代，一些人没有吃山靛
如果not B，就是说，在贝多芬时代全部的人都吃山靛或者说在贝多芬时代没有一个人吃山靛。如果是全部的人吃山靛，那么和原文结合，无论得不得病，就能从头发里找到山靛的痕迹，所以，找到山靛的痕迹也不能作为判断是否得病的依据。如果是没有一个人吃山靛，那根本从头发里面找不到山靛的痕迹，但是因为没有一个人吃山靛，没有找到山靛，也不能作为是否得病的依据。所以这些weaken了原文的结论
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