119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.
(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business (B)
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.
不明白为什么significantly compounding 修饰the verb form is growing，significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse不是主句的同位语吗？
以前的讨论汇总好像没讨论出答案，请指点
拜托了！
拜托哪位大虾解释一二，多谢了！
跪求讲解！
同位语一般是起到说明或是限定的作用,在这里好像理解不出这层含义
而且OG明确提示DE无法修饰前面谓语,表明它认为在这里significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse的成份是现在分词做伴随状语.
再者从OG的考点来看,逗号现在分词的形式绝大部分都是在考查其做定语修饰名词还是做状语修饰全句的区别,很少见它提到现在分词形式做同位语的.我想,这也可以作为判断的一个参考吧
SIGNIFICANT(重要的)SIGNIFICANTLY(极大的)思不一样!
把SIGNIFICANTLY 改成SIGNIFICANT错!
怎么不一样啊
比如说，你极大的伤害了我幼小的心灵．
YOU'VE SIGNIFICANTLY HURT MY FEELINGS.
就不能用SIGNIFICANT.
一般GMAT语法中,选项把SIGNIFICANTLY和SIGNIFICANT互换是不对的.
这里应该是逗号前面的句子是原因，后面的分词短语表结果，这种形式在gmat中常考，外加
“SIGNIFICANT(重要的)SIGNIFICANTLY(极大的)意思不
还有就是主动优于被动，动词优于抽象名次的原则（指cost)
119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.
(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business (B)
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business
谢谢各位讲解，我也觉得significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse（1）做Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers（2）的同位语很牵强，（2）应该是（1）伴随状语。
弱弱地问:
effects能作cost的主语吗?
按照OG的解释"which already cost businesses..." 是 "the effects of drug and acohol abuse"的定语.
那么也就是说the effects cost businesses...,这样似乎解释不通吧.
我们有说"The war cost a country..." 或 "The use of high technological equipments cost businesses...".
但不会说"The effects of war cost a country..." 或 "The effects of use of high technological equipments cost businesses...".
如果说"which already cost businesses..." 是abuse的定语,倒还能理解,但应用costs而非cost.(如硬要说是过去时,那我无语)
突然萌生一想法:cost作动词时是不是从来不用现在时?
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