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标题: 请教大全-2-19,大全-2-20 [打印本页]
作者: joywzy 时间: 2003-4-10 17:59
标题: 请教大全-2-19,大全-2-20
Questions 19-20 are based on the following.
Blood banks will shortly start to screen all donors for NANB hepatitis. Although the new screening tests are estimated to disqualify up to 5 percent of all prospective blood donors, they will still miss two-thirds of donors carrying NANB hepatitis. Therefore, about 10 percent of actual donors will still supply NANB-contaminated blood.
19. The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Donors carrying NANB hepatitis do not, in a large percentage of cases, carry other infections for which reliable screening tests are routinely performed.
(B) Donors carrying NANB hepatitis do not, in a large percentage of cases, develop the disease themselves at any point.
(C) The estimate of the number of donors who would be disqualified by tests for NANB hepatitis is an underestimate.
(D) The incidence of NANB hepatitis is lower among the potential blood donors than it is in the population at large.
(E) The donors who will still supply NANB-contaminated blood will donate blood at the average frequency for all donors.
20. Which of the following inferences about the conse-quences of instituting the new tests is best supported by the passage above?
(A) The incidence of new cases of NANB hepatitis is likely to go up by 10 percent.
(B) Donations made by patients specifically for their own use are likely to become less frequent.
(C) The demand for blood from blood banks is likely to fluctuate more strongly.
(D) The blood supplies available from blood banks are likely to go down.
(E) The number of prospective first-time donors is likely to go up by 5 percent.
19, ans: A, 20, ans: D
19, I choose C, 20, I choose A
这两题题干和选项都很清楚,可是我做错了,而且也不明白这两题思路如何?请问这种数字类的逻辑题有什么好办法吗?
谢谢.
作者: cranberry 时间: 2003-4-10 19:50
the first 用取非的办法,可以导出A是结果
the second 我不清楚你选A的道理,D是显而易见的结果?虽说是数字,但数字只是以另一种方式提出事实,所以还是要根据题干和题支的情况决定使用的方法。
作者: shany 时间: 2003-4-10 23:23
1. The answer C undermines the conclusion, surely can not be an assumption.
2.A is flawed. Instead,we can expect that the incidence in patients who receive blood donation may drop, due to the new screening system.
Because 5 percent of all prospective blood donors will be cleared out for donation, the total available blood supplies have to be down.
作者: siebel 时间: 2003-4-11 07:12
数字题,我觉得,一定要想清楚是怎样推出结论的,即:先把数学推导部分搞定。另外:数字是不可以怀疑的。
19. 数学推导可得,about 10 percent of actual donors will still supply NANB-contaminated blood.
答案A表明:有病捐血者不会因为其他原因而被排除在外。即:没有其他可能使这个10%降低,当然就是原题的assumption了。
C underestimated 竟然怀疑数学推导,斯拉斯拉迪油。
作者: joywzy 时间: 2003-4-11 08:44
cranberry,shany, siebel, 非常感谢.终于明白了.
作者: luoyao307 时间: 2005-8-22 09:09
我想问一下19题中B答案“at any point”是什么意思?
作者: hotlinda 时间: 2005-11-22 10:30
at any point-任何情况下
作者: xjlv128 时间: 2006-5-30 07:57
终于明白料!
作者: MaccMichAA 时间: 2006-9-3 17:35
菜妹我还是不懂D怎么推出来的...
作者: 向上爬的猪 时间: 2006-11-29 14:16
献学的人少了5%,那学的来源不也就少了嘛
作者: tangzimo 时间: 2007-8-7 22:37
19题我还是不懂啊……
各位麻烦看看我是哪错了?是想太复杂了吗?
设all prospective donors有X人,其中带NANB的有Y人,最后的actual donors有Z人。
则由题,Z>=95%*X,screen后还带NANB的有2/3*Y人。
这时候,actual donors中还带NANB的比例应该是2/3*Y/Z,也推不出是10%啊……
我是想太多了吗,还是哪里想错了?
谢谢!
作者: tangzimo 时间: 2007-8-9 22:38
自己再顶起来!
作者: goyce36 时间: 2008-8-26 19:55
我也有以上疑问。
作者: renehan 时间: 2008-9-9 08:45
预计会过滤5%NANB的献血者, 结论说还会有三分之二的被漏掉. 那总共应该是5%除以三分之一=15%. 总数15%-已预计的5%, 当然还会有10%的携带者了. 11楼想多了.
作者: dinssads 时间: 2013-2-3 16:22
实在不明白,先是5%,后是2/3,结果10%是怎么来的?而且哪里证明这2/3是那5%里边的啊?选项A跟题干有什么关联(题干也没说明交叉感染的血缘会影响测试结果。)?望高人指点!
作者: dinssads 时间: 2013-2-3 16:30
标题: 为什么除以1/3啊?
为什么除以1/3啊?
作者: dinssads 时间: 2013-2-5 23:53
通读这道题下来,我理解,应该是这个思维顺序:献血的所有人当中,首先估计近5%因血液不含NANB H而不合格、被排除;接着说,还是错误地排除了全部献血人的2/3、因这2/3血液含NANB H,也就意味着全部献血人的1/3是被正确排除在外的。整个语句用一般现在时态,啥意思?以上数据都是估计出来的?但又用了转折语气啊!表明一先一后的啊!
到这,我就不明白了,按理说5%应该是包含了2/3里部分人的,可2/3=67%、1/3=33%;就算2/3的人都没被排除,那不合格率也应该是1/3啊,这5%怎么出现得不明不白呢?最后实际合格率10%又是打哪来啊?
我嘞个去啊我嘞个去!
整个题干的意思不就是说,这个测试不靠谱么。
问题是,支持这个结论的假设是哪些?
A) 大多数携NANB H的献血人不携带其它该测试可测的病菌。--这可真是没得选才选的答案啊!
C) 不合格率——即不含NANB H的比率被测试低估了。--对啊,先是5%,其实是33%,这不是低估是什么呢。
哎呀,真心纠结啊!痛苦啊痛苦!哪位大侠快来拯救我吧!!
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