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标题: gwd29-10急救。。。 [打印本页]

作者: yl1004 时间: 2006-12-6 06:28
标题: gwd29-10急救。。。

17: GWD-29-Q10

The principal feature of the redesigned checks is a series of printed instructions that the company hopes will help merchants confirm a check’s authenticity, which includes reminders to watch the endorsement, compare signatures, and view the watermark while holding the check to the light.

which includes reminders to watch the endorsement, compare signatures, and view
which include reminders for watching the endorsement, to compare signatures and view
by including reminders for watching the endorsement, comparing signatures, and viewing
including reminders to watch the endorsement, comparing signatures and viewing
including reminders to watch the endorsement, compare signatures, and view(ans:E)

我选E，我想问问各位that the company hopes will help merchants 。。是什么东东，似乎不像一句话，还有我觉得是The principal feature of the redesigned checks include。。。所以我觉得是用including，如果选E，while holding....的主语是什么？company？？company hopes到底是什么成分？？

作者: xiangqinzh 时间: 2007-1-15 12:13

that (the company hopes) will help merchants

reminders 是holding的逻辑主语

including 是个介词是修饰 instructions

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-1-15 12:21:36编辑过]

作者: 誓不低头的重生 时间: 2007-1-23 17:53
including在这里不是修饰前面整个句子吗?D为什么不对?

作者: liubin1987 时间: 2007-2-7 16:52

判断D的话就要用点逻辑上的分析了吧. 理解意思了就很清楚了:后面是三个并列的动作:看背书, 比较签名,看水印线

作者: 莫菲 时间: 2007-5-6 20:35

考虑到三个动作的平行，我选的是A，可是这道题的which指代是不是有问题？

谁能给个正确答案？

作者: 莫菲 时间: 2007-5-6 20:39
哦，对了，正确答案应该选E吧？

作者: 罗马青年 时间: 2007-7-31 15:42

考点：代词指代；逻辑含义；修饰；平行；

自我分析：

从代词指代看：which 从句就近修饰a check’s authenticity，逻辑含义上错误，应该是修饰主句的instructions，因此排除A、B；

从修饰看：章振邦著《新遍英语语法教程-学生用书》第628-629页有明确说明，名词词组对与之同位的前面的名词词组（在本题中是a series of printed instructions）提供补充说明，起修饰和描绘作用，前面可以用引导词including，表示举例和列举，因此：

排除C：by including 错误（迷惑选项，3个v-ing平行）；

从平行看，D 的 watch, comparing and viewing 不平行，

E的3个动词 watch, compare,and view平行，E正确；

作者: isa0709 时间: 2007-8-5 11:50

我觉得including 应该是修饰hopes 才对

作者: wangwei8581 时间: 2007-8-23 23:57
请问E中including和谁平行并列？while holding?

作者: mimixiaxia 时间: 2007-8-29 16:44
up

作者: carolinelmf 时间: 2007-10-28 20:45
including不和谁平行，自己一个..

作者: chixigua 时间: 2007-10-28 20:57
which引导的定语从句不能指代前面的整个句子，正确的用法是doing。。。（用ing分词短语代替which从句，作伴随状语）

作者: eileenmu木 时间: 2008-3-24 10:24

我感觉holding 的逻辑主语是merchants

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-3-24 10:29:08编辑过]

作者: yzhao26 时间: 2008-5-23 08:36

作者: ruru8ruru8 时间: 2008-8-5 14:13

一连串打印的指示，包含了哪些提醒

１要看支票有无背书、２要比较签名、３检查水印

作者: 夜凉如水 时间: 2008-8-5 19:49

作者: nbtom88 时间: 2008-9-16 21:19
up

作者: minirainbow 时间: 2008-10-30 07:38

这边我想要讲一下

其实(D)光看这个结构不能说他不平行

因为有一种平行是V1, V2-ing and V3-ing. =v1, v2, and v3

17: GWD-29-Q10

A. which includes reminders to watch the endorsement, compare signatures, and view

B. which include reminders for watching the endorsement, to compare signatures and view

C. by including reminders for watching the endorsement, comparing signatures, and viewing

D. including reminders to watch the endorsement, comparing signatures and viewing
会错误与including平行

E. including reminders to watch the endorsement, compare signatures, and view include修饰instructions reminders是holding的逻辑主语

作者: highdior 时间: 2008-12-1 18:50

LSMM, reminder怎么可能发出holding这个动作呢？

E应该这样补：
including reminders for merchants to .... while holding the check to the light.

所以, including的逻辑主语是instructions, while holding的逻辑主语是merchants

E正确

作者: lupisces 时间: 2009-6-6 15:43

以下是引用highdior在2008-12-1 18:50:00的发言：

LSMM, reminder怎么可能发出holding这个动作呢？

E应该这样补：
including reminders for merchants to .... while holding the check to the light.

所以, including的逻辑主语是instructions, while holding的逻辑主语是merchants

E正确

楼上的想法和我一致，我认为reminder不可能watch compare view 所以没选E。。。哎

作者: edwinwos 时间: 2012-4-23 17:57
including修饰前面句子，特别修饰instructions！

只有这样才合理，因为A中which修饰authenticity，逻辑上不合理！所以如果which修饰instructions的话，才符合逻辑，但是这样includes又跟instructions不一致；

关键在于逻辑意思！看看which就近那个词修饰合不合理，然后向前找；

RON说过：
comma + "including" can stand for the preceding NOUN -- or the preceding NOUN + MODIFIERS, if there are modifiers attached to the noun.

所以那个including不可能修饰authenticity，要不修饰前面句子，要不句子主语作伴随；

但是RON又说过：
important:
"INCLUDING" is an EXCEPTION to the otherwise robust rules for comma+ing modifiers.

when you see "comma + including", you should think of "including" as a preposition, not as an -ing modifier. therefore, "including X" will become a prepositional phrase that describes the stuff preceding the comma.

即吖RON说，including可以作介词，可以不一定修饰前面句子或名词，或伴随；是 "..., V-ing" 的一个例外exception。

including should modify instructions and not authenticity.

还有一题相似题：GWD-3-Q3(新PREP1#215)

A study by the Ocean Wildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse a decline in the shark population, which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing state waters for shark fishing during pupping season, and requiring commercial fishers to have federal shark permits.

A. which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing

B. which includes establishing limits to the size of sharks that can be caught, closing

C. which include the establishment of size limits for shark catches, the closing of

D. including establishing size limits for shark catches, closing

E. including the establishing of limits to the size of sharks that are caught, the closing of

OA

题目释义：A study urged to…，including…，closing…，and requiring….

考点：

句子结构（grammatical construction）逻辑意思（logical predication）

1. 定语从句关系代词which的指代

2. 现在分词表伴随功能动作时，与句子谓语同时发生，逻辑主语等于句子主语。

3. and平行结构。

4. limit做动词时的固定搭配：limit to + 界限；limit on doing sth.(做某事的限制)

名词：size limits 大小、规模限制

5. urge的固定搭配：urge sb. to do sth.

6. shark catches: 捕鲨量，此处catch意为a quantity of fish that has been caught at one time

选项分析：

A.which离其逻辑上所指的remedies太远，且如果指代remedies不该用单数includes；the establishment of不如动词establishing简洁，而且与后面的closing不平行。

B.which和includes错误同A；limits to the size of sharks that can be caught不够简洁，直接用size limits和shark catches就行

C.which错误同A；the establishment of和the closing of名词短语不简洁且和requiring不平行

D.Correct；including修饰remedies，including是介词，其跳跃能力比which强

E.limits to the size of sharks that can be caught不够简洁，直接用size limits和shark catches就行；the establishment of和the closing of名词短语不简洁且和requiring不平行

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