most of them， each of them, many of them....
是GMAT当中非常优质的结构 看作是独立主格结构 这样的结构如果被破坏了 成为被选答案的可能性大大降低
又胡说八道了In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
A. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
B. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
C. most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
D. mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
E. mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
正确答案是C。
关于C和D：C中的circling存在修饰astronomers或者planets或者jupiter的歧义；D中的which circle同样存在修饰planets或者jupiter的歧义，但通过circle（动词原形）可排除修饰jupiter的可能，应该比C更为准确。为何正确答案选C？
谢谢各位！
D中WHICH CIRCLE 只能修饰前面的 JUPITER ，和原意不符合；且ｍｏｓｔｌｙ修饰了所有的ａｔｒｏｎｏｍｅｒｓ与愿意不符合；
新手个人意见，请各位牛人指导
D中WHICH CIRCLE 只能修饰前面的 JUPITER ，和原意不符合；且ｍｏｓｔｌｙ修饰了所有的ａｔｒｏｎｏｍｅｒｓ与愿意不符合；
新手个人意见，请各位牛人指导
我认为：D中的which circle可以跳跃修饰planets（虽然跳跃的距离有点长）。问题倒是有可能出在mostly的副词词性上。
继续请教大家！
我不是牛人, 不过我很乐意参与讨论~~~~
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets,
most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
A. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
B. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
C. most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
D. mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
E. mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
1) 个人认为 choice C 的 circling 是修饰
detecting more than 80 massive planets这整件事时,
这些massive planets circle other stars 同时发生的伴随作用,
修饰的是astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets 这整句话.
2) D的
which 在这里修饰noun 有修饰对象不清之嫌, 此外, 根据题意这里的circle 是修饰前面整个句子,
which 只能修饰
noun, 无法修饰
clause.
Ref: OG 10th Q49,
49. The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus,
which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting the distant planet.
(A) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting
(B) doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit
(C) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known in orbit around
(D) doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting
(E) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known that orbit
OG 10th
exp:
The pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause.
In A, C, and E, which seems to refer to a vague concept involving the detection of moons,
but there is no specific noun, such as detection, to which it can refer.
Also in E, the use of the phrasing the number... now known that orbit is ungrammatical and unclear.
B and D use the correct participial form, doubling, to modify the preceding clause,
but D, like A, uses known as orbiting rather than known to orbit, a phrase that is more idiomatic in context.
B, therefore, is the best answer.
Open to discuss ~~~
swiss0204, 谢谢你的回复。
我认为，circling不是修饰前面整个句子astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets。
你想啊，planets可以circle stars，而detected more planets这件事情怎么能circle stars呢？
欢迎继续探讨。
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets,
most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
A. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
B. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
C. most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
D. mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
E. mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
ANS: C
我的看法是,
astronomers 发现
more than 80 massive planets,
而这more than 80 massive planets are (simultaneously) circling other stars.
1) 因为具有同时发生
( 在astronomers detected 的那个时间)
2) circle is supposed to modify massive planets 而非
Jupiter.
所以有必要用分词的形式.
以上拙见~~~ open to discuss ~~~~
我不是牛人, 不过我很乐意参与讨论~~~~
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets,
most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
A. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle
B. most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling
C. most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
D. mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
E. mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling
1) 个人认为 choice C 的 circling 是修饰
detecting more than 80 massive planets这整件事时,
这些massive planets circle other stars 同时发生的伴随作用,
修饰的是astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets 这整句话.
2) D的
which 在这里修饰noun 有修饰对象不清之嫌, 此外, 根据题意这里的circle 是修饰前面整个句子,
which 只能修饰
noun, 无法修饰
clause.
我比较同意swiss0204的看法。
有所补充的是，most of them at least as large as Jupiter,用双逗号隔开，其实是插入语。cycling 其实是紧跟着宾语(massive planet)修饰的。
我觉得cycling不是伴随分词，如果是的话，cycling的逻辑主语或者是句子主语(astronomers)或者是全句（作为伴随结果分词）。
which的指代是有歧义的 D不好。（我觉得mostly没有什么错误，请大家指正）
Open to discussion
第一步：快速排除A、B、E；
第二步，D中mostly 变成了程度副词，改变了原文修饰的重心,原文修饰most of them. ETS经常会出修饰重心改变的题，这是ETS的偏爱之一。
第三步，C中circling 表 伴随，修饰planets 的状态。
个人观点，不当，请指正！
把D项改成most of them at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
C选项仍然为most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
大家认为哪一个选项更优呢？（也就是比较which circle与circling的优劣）
谢谢！
这里circle是复数 那么可以判定which其作用不是指代前面的句子 而是指代前面的名词 所以which的错不在于是指代前面的句子
circling这里是一个分词结构 ，circling分词是非限定性修饰的作用
作为定语修饰前面独立主格结构当中的
most of them
胡说八道了most of them， each of them, many of them....
是GMAT当中非常优质的结构 看作是独立主格结构 这样的结构如果被破坏了 成为被选答案的可能性大大降低
又胡说八道了把D项改成most of them at least as large as Jupiter, which circle
C选项仍然为most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling
大家认为哪一个选项更优呢？（也就是比较which circle与circling的优劣）
谢谢！
我觉得这么改了 也没有什么大错 都是非限定性修饰
但是ing表示on-going action而which circle就表答不出来这个一直持续的状态 所以说我个人觉得circling要好些
仅供参考most of them， each of them, many of them....
是GMAT当中非常优质的结构 看作是独立主格结构 这样的结构如果被破坏了 成为被选答案的可能性大大降低
又胡说八道了NOD
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