OG-1,OG-144,OG-199,0G-237 - ChaseDream

看到第144题的时候被分词修饰还是定语从句修饰这个知识点难住了，痛苦思索了半个小时还是不得其解。以下是我粗略找到的相关题目，还望大家赐教。到底应该怎么用呢？

上新东方的时候有一条: 现在分词表示一个重复性动作或法律规定; 定语从句表示一个一次性动作. 比如:

1. The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce occurring when a child.

(A) occurring when a child

(B) occurring when children

(D) that occurred when they were children（D）

(E) that has occurred as each was a child

这好理解, divorce是一个一次性动作

可是下面两句就不对啊!

144. Efforts to equalize the funds available to school districts, a major goal of education reformers and many states in the 1970’s, has not significantly reduced the gaps existing between the richest and poorest districts.

(A) has not significantly reduced the gaps existing

(B) has not been significant in reducing the gap that exists

(D) have not significantly reduced the gap that exists（D）

(E) have not been significant in a reduction of the gaps existing

现在完成时表明这个gap一直是存在的, 为何用从句呢?

还有:

199. Because the Earth’s crust is more solid there and thus better able to transmit shock waves, an earthquake of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West.

(A) of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West

(B) of a given magnitude will typically devastate 100 times the area if it occurs in the eastern United States instead of the West

(C) will typically devastate 100 times the area in the eastern United States than one of comparable magnitude occurring in the West

(D) in the eastern United States will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will a quake of comparable magnitude occurring in the West（D）

(E) that occurs in the eastern United States will typically devastate 100 times more area than if it occurred with comparable magnitude in the West

地震不能一直发生吧.

还请牛牛指点一下吧.

237. It seems likely that a number of astronomical phenomena, such as the formation of planetary nebulas, may be caused by the interaction where two stars orbit each other at close range.

(B)
may be caused by the interaction between two stars that each orbit the other

(C)
are because of the interaction between two stars that orbit each other

(D)
are caused by the interaction of two stars
where each is orbiting the other

(E)
   are caused by the interaction of two stars
    orbiting each other

Choice E, the best answer Choice C Also, the phrase two stars that orbit each other

illogically suggests that there are two particular stars causing all the phenomena in question,

rather than various sets of stars in various locations.???(现在分词与从句的区别).

从句重点在状态（如144）或者表示限定（如237)或一次性动作（如1）

(A) of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West

(B) of a given magnitude will typically devastate 100 times the area if it occurs in the eastern United States instead of the West

(C) will typically devastate 100 times the area in the eastern United States than one of comparable magnitude occurring in the West

(D) in the eastern United States will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will a quake of comparable magnitude occurring in the West（D）

(E) that occurs in the eastern United States will typically devastate 100 times more area than if it occurred with comparable magnitude in the West

地震不能一直发生吧.

occuring in the West 做定语，表示西部发生的地震。为什么现在分词就一定要一直发生呢？

我个人觉得上面的新东方所说非常没有必要记住：首先那说法正确与否是个问题；二来这种规则太细节了，语法要记到这个地步来只会让你觉得英语很讨厌。放松点。。。

并且我看了你下面几个题目，好像考点都不是从句与分句的取舍啊。

谢谢lookatjoey,是不是我有点钻牛角尖了？og正确的选项就不要知道为什么对？只要去取一个best就对了？

(A) has is not consistent with efforts
(E) be significiant in a reduction is unidiomatic. be significant in reducing the gaps would be better.
So A and E are incorrect are not because of 现在完成时. Actually, if I write this sentence, I would say
(F) has not made a significant reduction in the gap
existing is redundant here.

对于E, 如果用机械的态度去思考，其实语意和语法上都是可以的，不过太awkward。D is better.

对于E, 如果用机械的态度去思考，其实语意和语法上也都是可以的，不过也太awkward。D is better.

考点一看就知道是比较从句。据我从前中学英语学来的，100 times后面应该修饰的是比较级，所以排除B, C。

对于D，首先than从句允许倒装，也允许省略。这选项里就倒装了，也省略了will devastate an area。

对于D, 如果用机械的态度去思考，其实语意和语法上都是可以的，不过一旦跟E比较便显出太awkward。E is better.

比较C和E，有可能考点是选择because of 还是caused by，我个人喜欢E多一点。目前我也不清楚那答案是什么？

如果考点是真的选择用分词修饰还是用从句修饰，那么我还是会选择E，因为我个人觉得从句比较分词会稍微多一点特指的意味。不过这未必不是我的错觉，也许是分词多一点，待会再查查资料。但我还是觉得你说的新东方那个规则太累赘人心，什么重复性和一致性，还有法律规定，真拿去套用会令人纷繁错乱。我觉得只是特指的程度深浅问题。这问题上面也是够flexible的，一点不窝囊。是到了迫不得已需要详细比较（比如这道题目）的地步才去粗略比较一下就可以。

望斧正。