ChaseDream
标题: GWD-23-Q14,题都没读懂 [打印本页]
作者: 马尔代夫 时间: 2006-5-28 22:57
标题: GWD-23-Q14,题都没读懂
请教,题都没读懂
Plantings of cotton bioengineered to produce its own insecticide against bollworms, a major cause of crop failure, sustained little bollworm damage until this year. This year the plantings are being seriously damaged by bollworms. Bollworms, however, are not necessarily developing resistance to the cotton’s insecticide. Bollworms breed on corn, and last year more corn than usual was planted throughout cotton-growing regions. So it is likely that the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms.
In evaluating the argument, which of the following would be most useful to establish?
- Whether corn could be bioengineered to produce the insecticide
- Whether plantings of cotton that does not produce the insecticide are suffering unusually extensive damage from bollworms this year
- Whether other crops that have been bioengineered to produce their own insecticide successfully resist the pests against which the insecticide was to protect them
- Whether plantings of bioengineered cotton are frequently damaged by insect pests other than bollworms
- Whether there are insecticides that can be used against bollworms that have developed resistance to the insecticide produced by the bioengineered cotton
B
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-5-28 23:00:51编辑过]
作者: shzzhengfan 时间: 2006-5-28 23:18
选B吗?
作者: 甜蜜蜜 时间: 2006-5-30 00:23
经过生物工程改造了的棉花植株在今年之前都有很好的抗B虫的效果,但今年这种棉花受到了B虫的严重破坏.B虫产生抗性的可能性很小.B虫以谷物为食,而去年在种植棉花的地区有比往年更多的谷物种植.所以得出结论棉花很可能是受到了食谷B中的大量破坏.
选B.如果没有经过生物工程改造的棉花也大量被毁,则原因有可能是除了B虫之外的其他原因.
请指教
作者: shzzhengfan 时间: 2006-5-30 20:10
我觉得是这样:若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花也大量被毁,则B虫没有针对性,则经过生物工程改造的棉花有可能就是因为B虫便多而被毁;若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花没有大量被毁,那么B虫就有针对性了,那么经过生物工程改造的棉花被毁就不仅仅是因为B虫变多了
作者: 马尔代夫 时间: 2006-6-1 01:56
谢谢两位,我拷下来慢慢看
作者: huhai 时间: 2006-8-15 22:02
以下是引用shzzhengfan在2006-5-30 20:10:00的发言:
我觉得是这样:若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花也大量被毁,则B虫没有针对性,则经过生物工程改造的棉花有可能就是因为B虫便多而被毁;若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花没有大量被毁,那么B虫就有针对性了,那么经过生物工程改造的棉花被毁就不仅仅是因为B虫变多了
同意,请各部门领导阅!
作者: 布瓜丫丫 时间: 2006-9-14 15:03
对对对,楼上两位的解释非常好,感谢!!!
作者: gator21 时间: 2006-9-25 02:27
ding
作者: xiangqinzh 时间: 2006-10-26 16:27
选B是没有什么问题的
但B中
Whether plantings of cotton (that does not produce the insecticide) are suffering unusually extensive damage from bollworms this year
我括号里面的东西好象好怪呀,怎么cotton produce the insecticide 什么意思呢
作者: smoker 时间: 2007-1-20 05:33
不产生own insecticide 的cotton, 与首句 Plantings of cotton bioengineered to produce its own insecticide相对应
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-1-20 5:34:55编辑过]
作者: abort 时间: 2007-1-22 12:31
这题对一个现象提出两种解释1,抵抗力 2,大量的Bollworms。B的方法是去掉一个看另外一个解释是否发生。从方法上看,我觉得B没问题,但是我有点不理解的是如果plantings of cotton that produce the insecticide都被damage了,plantings of cotton that does not produce the insecticide为什么不会被damage?
作者: xiaoyue00302 时间: 2007-5-2 19:44
出题人简直缺少最基本的转基因组培常识,这道题我看了,正好赶着吃饭,鼻子都快气歪了,没有产生杀虫剂的棉(这里我理解为转基因遗传不稳定,或者转基因失败)是或者不是被B虫extensive damage,都无法断定:成功的转基因棉是否可能只被B虫overwhelme,因为这四种情况都不可能简单的互为因果;再加上有些词说得那么含糊,比如:This year “the plantings ”,既可以指转基因棉,也可以理解为该区域种植的作物的统称,两种理解有不同的结果,所以建议大家不要死抠这道题,至少不要像我这样在吃饭前看。
作者: mimixiaxia 时间: 2007-8-29 21:11
终于理解了,真是费力啊
作者: wslinfeng 时间: 2007-8-30 11:42
那些能够经过基因工程改造产生抵抗b虫insecticide的cotton以前一直没有受到b虫的伤害,今年这种cotton(指前面经过基因改造的)却受到了b虫的严重损害。B虫,然而是没有产生抗体的能力的,b虫以corn为食,上年在cotton种植区有很多的corn种植。所以应该是那些依靠corn为食的b虫损害了这种cotton(结论)。
问那个对评价这个论点最有用。
- Whether corn could
be bioengineered to produce the insecticide 是否corn能被转基因也产生insecticide,无关。 - 是否那些不产生insecticide的cotton今年也受到了严重的伤害。如果回答yes的话,能起到怎样的加强或削弱结论的作用呢?可以这样理解吗:因为别的cotton也受到b虫的伤害,因此b虫非常多(由于corn-bred bollworms增加引起的),多到不管基因改良的还是没有改良的一律伤害,因为文章“b虫sustained little
bollworm”,不等于一点伤害都没有啊,所以当b虫奇多时,也可能带来较大的伤害。My
God,这种解释我自己都不信呢,幸好有排除法。请告人给个清楚的解释啊。
甜蜜蜜:
选B.如果没有经过生物工程改造的棉花也大量被毁,则原因有可能是除了B虫之外的其他原因.文章结论不是说不是b虫,而是说是by corn-bred bollworms,因为前提讲了是因为b虫损害的(原因之一的抵抗力被否定了,好像只有量多这个我都不信的解释了)。所以您的推论好像靠不住啊,我其实没有明白您推论的逻辑,但是您发对的结论肯定错了。
Shzzhengfan:若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花也大量被毁,则B虫没有针对性,则经过生物工程改造的棉花有可能就是因为B虫变多而被毁;若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花没有大量被毁,那么B虫就有针对性了,那么经过生物工程改造的棉花被毁就不仅仅是因为B虫变多了。您的解释跟我有点像呢,但后半部分:“若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花没有大量被毁,那么B虫就有针对性了,那么经过生物工程改造的棉花被毁就不仅仅是因为B虫变多了”没看懂,因为有针对性不能更好的解释因为b虫变多了才把这些改良的基因损害的吗?不用找他因啊,而且找他因也不符合前提,呜呼,我对我的解释也不相信了!还请高人解释其中的逻辑!
- Whether other crops that have been
bioengineered to produce their own insecticide successfully resist the
pests against which the insecticide was to protect them别的也产生insecticide的crops成功的抵抗了害虫,无关 - Whether plantings of bioengineered
cotton are frequently damaged by insect pests other than bollworms是否那些基因改造后的cotton经常被除了b虫外的害虫损害。文章说的是被b虫损害,没有提到其他原因,无关 - Whether there are insecticides that
can be used against bollworms that have developed resistance to the
insecticide produced by the bioengineered cotton是否有一些insecticides,这些insecticides能被用来对付b虫,这些b虫又产生了对insecticide的抗药性。无关啊
作者: carolinelmf 时间: 2007-11-1 20:46
一条新思路:完全可以把题目理解为-
A棉花和B棉花,A遭破坏,是虫太多导致的。对此加强-B也遭破坏;对此削弱-B没破坏。所以判断依据为B是否遭破坏。
这题完全和GWD-3-Q38异曲同工:-warbler鸣鸟数量下降,是因为咖啡田少了还是它吃的虫子少了。正确A项中Bo鸟不吃虫但数量也下降了。
可按是否吃虫把鸟分成A鸟(warbler)和B鸟(Bo)。
Kate: The recent decline in numbers of the Tennessee warbler, a North American songbird that migrates each fall to coffee plantations in South America, is due to the elimination of the dense tree cover that formerly was a feature of most South American coffee plantations.
Scott: The population of the spruce budworm, the warbler’s favorite prey in North America, has been dropping. This is a more likely explanation of the warbler’s decline.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls Scott’s hypothesis into question?
- The numbers of the Baltimore oriole, a songbird that does not eat budworms but is as dependent on South American coffee plantations as is the Tennessee warbler, are declining.
- The spruce-budworm population has dropped because of a disease that can infect budworms but not Tennessee warblers.
- The drop in the population of the spruce budworm is expected to be only temporary.
- Many Tennessee warbler have begun migrating in the fall to places other than traditional coffee plantations.
Although many North American songbirds have declined in numbers, no other species has experienced as great a decline as has the Tennessee warbler.
其实棉花是否有抗体只是将棉花分类而已!
作者: echozx 时间: 2007-11-2 00:59
引用liubin1987的话
文章已经给过大前提,说农作物大都是因为B虫而产量减少的,而且给了信息说,自从用了这种生物技术后,一直以来都很少减产,直到去年因为种了很多B虫爱吃的CORN才突然一下出现棉花减产,所以下结论说,棉花的减产是因为经不起B虫的攻击;D实际上是违背了已经假定好的前提去分析,这是错误的;而B,对没有用生物技术加工的,即不能自己产生杀虫剂的棉花分析,拿它的状况和有能力产杀虫剂的进行比较,如果非生物棉花的数量也少(前提里面说过,一般作物减产都是因为B虫)就支持了观点,(且不管也许生物棉花减产得少些,非生物棉花减产得多些,反正都因为虫子减产了)说明是因为虫子的问题,如果不是,则说明是因为其他原因引起的;所以B是最佳答案。
作者: Jocelynsu 时间: 2007-11-10 21:25
这题出得实在很白痴。首先在前面提供信息的部分说了This year the plantings are being seriously damaged by bollworms.这个是作为已知条件的。然后再在推论中说So it is likely that the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms.吃饱了撑着吗?
唉,发现好多如此白痴的题目了。什么时候得弄一个GMAT白痴题目大全
作者: missilezy 时间: 2007-12-1 01:28
回楼上的,这并不是道白痴题,相反它很缜密,请大家注意simply和overwhelmed这两个词和关键。simply是指“仅仅,单单,简单”的意思,overwhelmed是指“压倒性的, 无法抵抗的”的意思,这两个词合起来的意思就可以理解为“仅仅是由于庞大的数量才会产生压倒性的结果”,
cotton被damage有两种原因:
1.B虫产生抗体,即可能不用太多数量的B虫就可以damage cotton
2.B虫无抗体,由sustain little damage可以判断damage尽管小,但还是存在的,如果B虫的数量极大,无限大,完全可以做到由于数量的增多而产生压倒性的impact.
所以原文的推理是:因为没有抗体的产生,所以cotton被damage仅仅是由于庞大的数量而被压倒。
如果对B的回答是yes,则说明原文推理是对的,如果对B的回答是no,及没有杀虫剂的cotton没有被damage,则对有杀虫剂的cotton的damage可能由其他原因造成。
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-12-1 1:32:57编辑过]
作者: lijiahui0422 时间: 2008-5-3 14:53
以下是引用Jocelynsu在2007-11-10 21:25:00的发言:这题出得实在很白痴。首先在前面提供信息的部分说了This year the plantings are being seriously damaged by bollworms.这个是作为已知条件的。然后再在推论中说So it is likely that the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms.吃饱了撑着吗?
唉,发现好多如此白痴的题目了。什么时候得弄一个GMAT白痴题目大全
你想的简单了我觉得
要区分damaged by bollworms 和overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms
作者: langbaobao1031 时间: 2008-6-13 18:19
•Bollworms breed on corn, and last year more corn than usual was planted throughout cotton-growing regions. So it is likely that the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms.
Bollworms breed on corn, and last year more corn than usual was planted throughout cotton-growing regions. So it is likely that the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms.
读题要细心!
A: 1, 虫子一般不吃BC(Bioengineering Cotton). 2, 去年玉米种的多,虫子吃玉米
B: 今年吃BC的虫子太多了,为啥呢? 是因为去年吃玉米长多了虫子.
选项B: A.Whether plantings of cotton that does not produce the insecticide are suffering unusually extensive damage from bollworms this year 可能不是吃玉米哦,可能是吃没经过BC的棉花长出来那么多OVERWELM的虫子,虫子太多,不管BC有毒没毒了,也吃吧.
Whether plantings of cotton that does not produce the insecticide are suffering unusually extensive damage from bollworms this year 可能不是吃玉米哦,可能是吃没经过BC的棉花长出来那么多OVERWELM的虫子,虫子太多,不管BC有毒没毒了,也吃吧.
典型的找他因.
作者: kevintown 时间: 2008-8-5 11:41
总结前人:
B虫无抗体,由sustain little damage可以判断damage尽管小,但还是偶尔存在的,如果B虫的数量极大,无限大,完全可以做到由于数量的增多而产生压倒性的impact. 所以原文的推理是:因为没有抗体的产生,所以cotton被damage仅仅是由于玉米引来了庞大数量的B虫而被压倒。
评价的永远是结论,前面的evidence和已知条件不是评价对象
若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花也大量被毁,则B虫没有针对性,则经过生物工程改造的棉花有可能就是因为B虫便多而被毁;若没有经过生物工程改造的棉花没有大量被毁,那么B虫就有针对性了,那么经过生物工程改造的棉花被毁就不仅仅是因为B虫庞大数量导致的了(有可能产生抗药性专门吃改良过的)。
作者: yaoyaoyao 时间: 2008-10-20 20:29
补充一句:bollworms不止一种
作者: yaoyaoyao 时间: 2008-10-20 20:34
问一句,帮忙解释下D
作者: yaoyaoyao 时间: 2008-10-20 22:56
怎么能说D无关呢?其他insect也是解释啊,按您这么说,B中的没engine的corn 不也无关了么?解释下吧
作者: 听风听雨 时间: 2008-10-29 16:38
刚做了这题,的确白痴题,鉴定完毕。
作者: lijiahui0422 时间: 2008-11-24 12:31
因为题干里说 This year the plantings are being seriously damaged by bollworms. 易经确定了受害的范围就是boolworms 其他虫子没有关系~
作者: 门萨来了 时间: 2008-12-29 13:51
题目说: 不是因为抗体,是因为玉米虫,
B.找不产生抗体的棉花作为实验,实验结果正好能证明了不是因为抗体,是因为其他还是因为只因为抗体
作者: smartsky11 时间: 2009-3-10 10:52
人
作者: TheSolution 时间: 2009-4-12 16:08
UP!
作者: tiffany1102 时间: 2009-4-18 19:18
up
作者: raphael1234 时间: 2009-7-12 17:26
up
作者: raphael1234 时间: 2009-7-12 18:51
up
作者: banke1507 时间: 2009-7-25 08:58
此题异常蹊跷,不可轻视!
作者: rucky521 时间: 2009-7-27 22:14
up
作者: 斯咏 时间: 2009-7-30 16:59
up
作者: inzaghipippo 时间: 2009-11-13 22:12
因为题目的要求是evaluation.故选项的答案无论是YES还是NO都要对题目中的结论有所作用。对于选项B,
若回答是YES,说明确实是由于“the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms"这个原因导致今年corn being seriously damaged;
若回答是NO,说明还有其他原因导致今年corn being seriously damaged。
故选择B.
作者: antoniaworld 时间: 2009-12-27 16:04
导致棉花减产的原因有两个,要么是产生抗药性,要么是虫子的数量有显著增加(因为corn的数量显著增加),要evaluate哪一个是真正的原因,可以引入一个控制变量——examine没有经过生物改造的棉花的情况。
若是因为虫子产生抗药性,观察到的现象应该是:没有经过生物改造的棉花减产的数量和改造后减产的数量差不多(往年也是差不多数量的虫子)
若是因为虫子的数量显著增加,观察到的现象应该是:没有经过生物改造的棉花应该有显著的减产 (尽管没有抗药性,但是还是抵抗不住量多)
作者: chasedreamho 时间: 2010-2-19 11:24
莫非是overwhelmed 和 damage 之间词的程度的差异?不过感觉这样的话这个题目就有点像OG的难度了,而且有点不靠谱
作者: amberdeng 时间: 2010-2-23 19:32
我觉得题目出得不好。
作者: lovepiao 时间: 2010-5-16 15:34
杀了我吧!
作者: zcool 时间: 2010-7-6 01:59
支持17楼
作者: Mandyvic 时间: 2010-7-22 17:27
一条新思路:完全可以把题目理解为-
A棉花和B棉花,A遭破坏,是虫太多导致的。对此加强-B也遭破坏;对此削弱-B没破坏。所以判断依据为B是否遭破坏。
这题完全和GWD-3-Q38异曲同工:-warbler鸣鸟数量下降,是因为咖啡田少了还是它吃的虫子少了。正确A项中Bo鸟不吃虫但数量也下降了。
可按是否吃虫把鸟分成A鸟(warbler)和B鸟(Bo)。
Kate: The recent decline in numbers of the Tennessee warbler, a North American songbird that migrates each fall to coffee plantations in South America, is due to the elimination of the dense tree cover that formerly was a feature of most South American coffee plantations.
Scott: The population of the spruce budworm, the warbler’s favorite prey in North America, has been dropping. This is a more likely explanation of the warbler’s decline.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls Scott’s hypothesis into question?
The numbers of the Baltimore oriole, a songbird that does not eat budworms but is as dependent on South American coffee plantations as is the Tennessee warbler, are declining.
The spruce-budworm population has dropped because of a disease that can infect budworms but not Tennessee warblers.
The drop in the population of the spruce budworm is expected to be only temporary.
Many Tennessee warbler have begun migrating in the fall to places other than traditional coffee plantations.
Although many North American songbirds have declined in numbers, no other species has experienced as great a decline as has the Tennessee warbler.其实棉花是否有抗体只是将棉花分类而已!
-- by 会员 carolinelmf (2007/11/1 20:46:00)
agree!!
作者: 阳光小捷子 时间: 2010-8-7 17:11
GWD-23-Q14 Plantings of cotton bioengineered to produce its own insecticide against bollworms, a major cause of crop failure, sustained little bollworm damage until this year.This year the plantings(指cotton) are being seriously damaged by bollworms.Bollworms, however, are not necessarily developing resistance to the cotton’s insecticide.Bollworms breed on corn, and last year more corn than usual was planted throughout cotton-growing regions.So it is likely that the cotton is simply being overwhelmed by corn-bred bollworms.
In evaluating the argument, which of the following would be most useful to establish?
B.Whether plantings of cotton that does not produce the insecticide are suffering unusually extensive damage from bollworms this year(因为B虫没有对转基因过的cotton的杀虫剂产生抗药性,所以如果那些没经过转基因的cotton也遭受了不寻常的虫害,则支持结论:是因为B虫太多了,一直它除了吃corn,还要吃cotton;但他们如果没有遭受虫害,则经过转基因的cotton就更不可能会遭虫害了,一定是除了B虫之外的原因造成的)
B.Whether plantings of cotton that does not produce the insecticide are suffering unusually extensive damage from bollworms this year(因为B虫没有对转基因过的cotton的杀虫剂产生抗药性,所以如果那些没经过转基因的cotton也遭受了不寻常的虫害,则支持结论:是因为B虫太多了,一直它除了吃corn,还要吃cotton;但他们如果没有遭受虫害,则经过转基因的cotton就更不可能会遭虫害了,一定是除了B虫之外的原因造成的)
作者: mastlight 时间: 2010-8-25 20:47
支持17楼!!
作者: kjia0120 时间: 2012-7-23 17:22
up
作者: viking00x 时间: 2012-12-1 16:42
好像有点明白了,
如果B选项答案是肯定,也就是说没转基因的也遭受巨大损失,那至少说明转基因遭到巨大损失可能是虫子太多的原因(弱加强结论)
而如果B选项答案是否定,也就是说没转基因的没遭受损失(因为文章已经给出前提:虫子并没有抗药,因此如果是虫子太多的原因,吃转基因会死很多,因此更会去吃没转基因的,那么没转基因的应该相比转基因的遭受更大的损失,但此处如果没转基因的反而没遭到损失),那说明一定不是虫子太多的原因(削弱结论)
作者: xdai555 时间: 2013-2-22 16:04
那虫只吃玉米 那棉花还改造个毛抗虫 。。。
作者: xdai555 时间: 2013-2-22 16:12
其实跟杀虫剂没关系啊 我怎么觉得选B 就是为了证明 虫多虫少。。
虫多: 没转基因(没有杀虫剂的)棉花 被吃掉。
虫少: 没被吃掉。。
都没有提到装基因的棉花 会不会被吃掉 。。。 其实这个跟杀虫剂有什么关系!!!
而且这虫喜欢吃玉米啊。。 - - 为了证明虫多-->玉米不够吃 还要吃棉花。。 = =
作者: soulwangh 时间: 2013-11-4 10:52
xdai555 发表于 2013-2-22 16:12
其实跟杀虫剂没关系啊 我怎么觉得选B 就是为了证明 虫多虫少。。 虫多: 没转基因(没有杀虫剂的)棉花 被 ...
Yes, the conclusion has nothing to do with the pesticide. Because, in the premise, the pesticide has already been ruled out as a possibility to cause the damage of cotton.
作者: ssn_wonder 时间: 2014-1-27 22:28
I think we should focus on " unusually" on OA B. If yes, that means normal cotton was suffered more by BW this year. That tells us there are more BW this year than before, supporting the conclusion that BW from corn affects cotton.
If no, that means, the number of BW is not increasing. However cotton was suffered more by BW this year. It might be that BW develop resistance to cotton's insecticide.
作者: 我不爱养宠物 时间: 2014-8-18 00:07
missilezy 发表于 2007-12-1 01:28
回楼上的,这并不是道白痴题,相反它很缜密,请大家注意simply和overwhelmed这两个词和关键。simply是指“ ...
大神,我觉得你说的有理 但是我还是觉得 如果 害虫产生了抗体 所以使得anti棉花减产,这个时候连anti棉花都无法抵抗害虫 那非anti害虫还怎么抵抗呢?请解答下 谢谢!
作者: ritasmiling 时间: 2015-8-13 10:56
Agree!!!!!!
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