OG 语法一题与指代 - ChaseDream

以下是引用gemj在2003-9-27 21:29:00的发言：
答案a中的两个it指代对象在这里会我认为不会有歧义，就是因为分号的缘故，在由分号分隔的前后句子中，同一代词可以指代不同的对象，因为前后是两个独立的句子。再见下例：
In this atmosphere, it is not fair to condemn as failures all attempted experiments; it may be more accurate to say many never had a fair trial.
第一个IT指代to condemn as failures all attempted experiments；
第二个IT指代to say many never had a fair trial。
当然，这个例子与上题有些差距，但我想能够说明问题。

如果两句子间是逗号，那么，我认为IT不可以指代不同的西西；否则会引起混乱，严重的混乱。但如果一个是物主代词，一个是人称代词，则是可以的。请看下面的三个例子（当然，就本题来说，它也可以从下面的三个例子的角度来解释）：

下例中，蓝色的IT (legislature)与ITS (majority)所指并非同一东东。
When an individual or a party is wronged in the United States, to whom can he apply for redress? If to the public opinion, public opinion constitutes the majority; if to the legislature, it represents the majority and implicitly obeys its injunctions; if to the executive power, it is appointed by the majority and remains a passive tool in its hands; the public troops consist of the majority under arms; the jury is the majority invested with the right of hearing judicial cases, and in certain states even the judges are elected by the majority.

230. In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vintners have cut prices; their wines have been priced to sell, and they are.
(A) have been priced to sell, and they are
(B) are priced to sell, and they have
(C) are priced to sell, and they do
(D) are being priced to sell, and have
(E) had been priced to sell, and they have
ANSWER：C

“In general,” they reported, “the ability of the compounds to compete at the receptors correlates with their ability to stimulate locomotion in the mouse; i.e., the higher their capacity to bind at the receptors, the higher their ability to stimulate locomotion.”

上面二例中，their与they指代的也非同一西西。

＂但如果一个是物主代词，一个是人称代词，则是可以的。＂　

159. While depressed property values can hurt some large investors, they are potentially devastating for home-owners, whose equity—in many cases representing a life’s savings—can plunge or even disappear.

如果they 和their可以指不同的事物．那么Ｂ就logical了．their指homeowners．

以下是引用amber0919在2006-3-5 22:47:00的发言：

＂但如果一个是物主代词，一个是人称代词，则是可以的。＂　

如果是这样，那么如下题怎么解释？

(A) they are potentially devastating for homeowners, whose

(B) they can potentially devastate homeowners in that their

(D) for homeowners, it is potentially devastating in that their（A）

(E) it can potentially devastate homeowners, whose

如果they 和their可以指不同的事物．那么Ｂ就logical了．their指homeowners．

请ＮＮ解答！！～～～

你这个例子正好是“一个物主限定词（代词），一个人称代词，可以指代不同的东东”的例子，因此是不矛盾的。其实gemj的意思就是他们两个可以指代不同的东东。

以下是引用似水年华在2004-11-17 11:36:00的发言：

OG 90题

90. Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow investment officers’ fees to be based on how the funds they manage perform, several corporations began paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.

(A) investment officers’ fees to be based on how the funds they manage perform, several corporations began

(B) investment officers’ fees to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations began

(D) fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begun（D）

(E) that investment officers’ fees be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations began

在同一个句子里，前一个they指代officers, 后一个their指代corporation, 应该算代词指代有歧义吧？

7楼的问题找的很好，ＯＧ在解释中说B, C, and D, substituting in that their or because their for whose is wordy and confusing since the antecedent of their might be they, not homeowners

我想这是个例外因为在这三个先项中的物主代词和人称代词分别位于主句和修饰它的从句中

而从句的主语应该是优先指代主句主语的所以ＥＴＳ有了如上解释但这并不与大牛ＧＥＭＪ的结论违背

同时ＯＧ９０在非主句从句关系的情况下完美的证实了ＧＥＭＪ的说法在ＥＴＳ认定的确选项中　逗号前后的they与their代表不同的对象

Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begun paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.

In B, C, and D, substituting in that their or because their for whose is wordy and confusing since the antecedent of their might be they, not homeowners

而从句的主语应该是优先指代主句主语的所以ＥＴＳ有了如上解释但这并不与大牛ＧＥＭＪ的结论违背
只是一个容易被忽视的个例
同时ＯＧ９０在非主句从句关系的情况下完美的证实了ＧＥＭＪ的说法在ＥＴＳ认定的确选项中　逗号前后的they与their代表不同的对象
Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begun paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.
感谢前辈的智慧～～

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-12-25 23:41:30编辑过]

-- by 会员 bloveecho (2006/12/25 23:40:00)

如果两句子间是逗号，那么，我认为IT不可以指代不同的西西；否则会引起混乱，严重的混乱。但如果一个是物主代词，一个是人称代词，则是可以的。请看下面的三个例子（当然，就本题来说，它也可以从下面的三个例子的角度来解释）：

下例中，蓝色的IT (legislature)与ITS (majority)所指并非同一东东。
When an individual or a party is wronged in the United States, to whom can he apply for redress? If to the public opinion, public opinion constitutes the majority; if to the legislature, it represents the majority and implicitly obeys its injunctions; if to the executive power, it is appointed by the majority and remains a passive tool in its hands; the public troops consist of the majority under arms; the jury is the majority invested with the right of hearing judicial cases, and in certain states even the judges are elected by the majority.

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-28 10:12:14编辑过]

-- by 会员 gemj (2003/9/27 21:29:00)