这几道题没怎么看明白，帮忙解释一下，多谢！
13.Defense Department analysts worry that the ability of the United States to wage a prolonged war would be seriously endangered if the machine-tool manufacturing base shrinks further. Before the Defense Department publicly connected this security issue with the import quota issue, however, the machine-tool industry raised the national security issue in its petition for import quotas.
Which of the following, if ture, contributes most to an explanation of the machine-tool industry's raising the issue above regarding national security?
(A) When the aircraft industry retooled, they provided a large amount of work for tool builders.
(B) The Defense Department is only marginally concerned with the effects of foreign conpetition on the machine-tool industry.
(C) The machine-tool industry encountered difficulty in obtaining governmental protection against imports on grouds other than defense.
(D) A few weapon important for defense consist of parts that do not require extensive machining.
(E) Several federal government programs have been designed which will enable domestic machine-tool manufacturing firms to compete successfully with foreign tool makers.
30. The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a pricing method called "historical costing." Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a percentage increase , based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous year's contractual price.
Which of the following statements , if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically sound pricing method for military contracts?
(A) The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
(B) The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
(C) The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of material used for the products.
(D) Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
(E) The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative weapons.
35. Affirmative action is good business. So asserted the National Association of Manufacturers while urging retention of an executive order requiring some federal contractors to set numerial goals for hiring minorities and women. "Diversity in work force participation has produced new ideas in management, product development, and marketing," the association claimed.
The association's argument as it is presented in the passage above would be most strenthened if which of the following were true?
(A) The percentage of minority and women workers in businedd has increased more slowly than many minority and women's group would prefer.
(B) Those business with the highest percentages of minority and women workers are those that have been the most innovative and profitable.
(C) Disposable income has been rising as fast among the population as a whole.
(D) The biggest growth in sale in the manufacturing sector has come in industries that market the most innovative products.
(E) Recent improvements in management practices have allowed many manufacturers to experience enormous gains in worker productivity.
知道多少就告诉我多少好啦!多谢!
呵呵，我估计你是刚开始做逻辑题、还没有入门吧？不要着急，这些题是稍微难一点，你可以选择先做一些简单的题，先找找感觉～～不建议一开始就做很难的题目，因为这样会大大打击自信心的。
这几道题没怎么看明白，帮忙解释一下，多谢！
30. The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a pricing method called "historical costing." Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a percentage increase , based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous year's contractual price.
Which of the following statements , if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically sound pricing method for military contracts?
(A) The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
(B) The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
(C) The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of material used for the products.
(D) Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
(E) The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative weapons.
题目说：政府从military contractors 手中买standard weapons 的价格是由historical costing决定的。这个historical costing是contractors在考虑了通货膨胀的基础上，在上一年contractual price上加a percentage increase 。问的是说哪一个说明这个historical costing不是 an economically sound pricing method。
答案是A.政府将有可能继续为因为以前的资金利用率低继续支付更多的钱。（引用liu9903的回答：如果以前的定和约时的价格太高了，现在还是会继续这个高价，这样政府使用资金的就不是最有效率的。也就是说，不管以前的价格怎样，现在继续。当然有可能造成不合理的情况的啊）
35. Affirmative action is good business. So asserted the National Association of Manufacturers while urging retention of an executive order requiring some federal contractors to set numerial goals for hiring minorities and women. "Diversity in work force participation has produced new ideas in management, product development, and marketing," the association claimed.
The association's argument as it is presented in the passage above would be most strenthened if which of the following were true?
(A) The percentage of minority and women workers in businedd has increased more slowly than many minority and women's group would prefer.
(B) Those business with the highest percentages of minority and women workers are those that have been the most innovative and profitable.
(C) Disposable income has been rising as fast among the population as a whole.
(D) The biggest growth in sale in the manufacturing sector has come in industries that market the most innovative products.
(E) Recent improvements in management practices have allowed many manufacturers to experience enormous gains in worker productivity.
Affirmative action---反歧视行动，坚定行动：通过保证教育和就业平等机会的积极措施以纠正过去的歧视性政策或计划。
这几道题没怎么看明白，帮忙解释一下，多谢！
30. The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a pricing method called "historical costing." Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a percentage increase , based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous year's contractual price.
Which of the following statements , if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically sound pricing method for military contracts?
(A) The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
(B) The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
(C) The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of material used for the products.
(D) Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
(E) The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative weapons.
题目说：政府从military contractors 手中买standard weapons 的价格是由historical costing决定的。这个historical costing是contractors在考虑了通货膨胀的基础上，在上一年contractual price上加a percentage increase 。问的是说哪一个说明这个historical costing不是 an economically sound pricing method。
答案是A.政府将有可能继续为因为以前的资金利用率低继续支付更多的钱。（引用liu9903的回答：如果以前的定和约时的价格太高了，现在还是会继续这个高价，这样政府使用资金的就不是最有效率的。也就是说，不管以前的价格怎样，现在继续。当然有可能造成不合理的情况的啊）
35. Affirmative action is good business. So asserted the National Association of Manufacturers while urging retention of an executive order requiring some federal contractors to set numerial goals for hiring minorities and women. "Diversity in work force participation has produced new ideas in management, product development, and marketing," the association claimed.
The association's argument as it is presented in the passage above would be most strenthened if which of the following were true?
(A) The percentage of minority and women workers in businedd has increased more slowly than many minority and women's group would prefer.
(B) Those business with the highest percentages of minority and women workers are those that have been the most innovative and profitable.
(C) Disposable income has been rising as fast among the population as a whole.
(D) The biggest growth in sale in the manufacturing sector has come in industries that market the most innovative products.
(E) Recent improvements in management practices have allowed many manufacturers to experience enormous gains in worker productivity.
Affirmative action---反歧视行动，坚定行动：通过保证教育和就业平等机会的积极措施以纠正过去的歧视性政策或计划。
解释得很好。
另外，35题选B。推理很明显，可以直推。
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