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标题: 109和181对require 的解释前后矛盾 [打印本页]

作者: xianwharton 时间: 2003-9-21 09:31
标题: 109和181对require 的解释前后矛盾
109. Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario
requires of both public and private employers that pay
be the same for jobs historically held by women as for
jobs requiring comparable skill that are usually held by men.
(A) that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are
(B) that pay for jobs historically held by women should be the same as for a job requiring comparable skills
(C) to pay the same in jobs historically held by women as in jobs of comparable skill that are
(D) to pay the same regardless of whether a job was historically held by women or is one demanding comparable skills
(E) to pay as much for jobs historically held by women as for a job demanding comparable skills
Choice A is best. In choice B, should is illogical after requires, or at
least unnecessary, and so is better omitted; in choices B and E, job
does not agree in number with jobs; and in choices B, D, and E, the
wording illogically describes the comparable skills rather than the
jobs as being "usually held by men." Choices C, D, and E produce the
ungrammatical construction requires of... employers to pay, in which
of makes the phrase incorrect. In C, the use of in rather than for is
unidiomatic, and jobs of comparable skill confusedly suggests that the
jobs rather than the workers possess the skills. In D, the phrase
beginning regardless ... is awkward and wordy in addition to being
illogical.

181. Because of the enormous research and
development expenditures required to survive in the electronics
industry, an industry marked by rapid innovation and volatile demand,
such firms tend to be very large.
(A) to survive
(B) of firms to survive
(C) for surviving
(D) for survival
(E) for firms' survival
The subject of the main clause (such firms) presumes a prior reference
to the firms in question. Furthermore, the logical subject of to
survive and the logical complement of required should be made explicit.
All three demands are met by B, the best choice. Choices A, C, and D,
with no reference to the firms in question, meet none of these
demands. In choice E, the illogical and awkward use of a prepositional
phrase (for firms' survival) buries the needed initial reference to
firms in a possessive modifier.

109和181对require 的解释前后矛盾，不知我是不是看错了，请明示。另外og 181的required of firm to survive如要变成定语从句前面的先行词expenditures放在句中什么位置。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-21 10:27:20编辑过]

作者: xianwharton 时间: 2003-9-21 15:33
up

作者: anchoret 时间: 2003-9-21 18:01
181中of firms修饰的expenditures

作者: braveMBA 时间: 2003-9-21 21:54
也发现过这个问题。查了一下，感觉require of sb to do sth多用在被动的方式，例如：We should go all that was required of us. 例如181就是过去分词表示被动的意味。而sb/sth require of sb to do sth就是错误的，因为那个OF就是多余。
个人看法。

作者: xianwharton 时间: 2003-9-22 09:05
我查了一下google，bravemba兄你说的好像有道理。但还希望大家讨论一下。

作者: mzyzhu 时间: 2003-9-23 02:17
这个贴自问的精彩！答的也精彩！下了不少功夫。

我也来凑个热闹。我的解释是：require of sombody to VI(不及无动词)可以，但是如果动词是机无动词则应该改为require somebody to do something。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-23 2:19:46编辑过]

作者: givemeahome 时间: 2003-9-23 21:50
为什么跟及物不及物有关呢

作者: ditto88 时间: 2003-9-24 14:11
赞同braveMBA的观点。

在现代英汉综合大字典上查到如下例句：
"We did all that was required of us.
我们做了要求我们所做的一切。"

og 181的required of firm to survive变成定语从句如下：
...expenditures that are requested of firms to survive...

作者: dandan74 时间: 2003-9-24 14:52
我也同意。OG-181 可以进一步写成：
Firms require the .. expenditures (in order) to survive...
感觉这里of 和 by有些相似。

很佩服braveMBA的观察力。

作者: epithumia 时间: 2004-8-3 15:13

大家好

我的想法是:

109.题的require of …that, 此时的require当要求(命令)讲, 要接that表示假设法, 因为不一定合于现实, public and private employers 不一定会按法令做, 而其后原本有should + Verb( that pay should be the same), 但照文法规则, should要省略, 因此剩下 that pay be the same, 而181.题的required of firms to survive 则为事实之陈述, 公司在electronics industry要生存必需要有enormous research and development expenditures, 此乃现象之描述, 唯直说法, 故与109.题有所差别.

作者: kathy8446 时间: 2006-7-31 18:32
我觉得这里required of firms是修饰expenditures的，其实是require of sb sth的用法。至于to do，是in order to的缩略，和固定搭配没有关系

作者: jamesyeah 时间: 2006-12-13 18:01
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