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标题: 讨论修饰中的两个含糊的地方: and/or, with [打印本页]

作者: freegirl 时间: 2003-9-20 08:04
标题: 讨论修饰中的两个含糊的地方: and/or, with

节选自山峰的 OG-SC 完全版 (nice job!!!) ：
4. a of b and c ，有歧义，解决办法是c and a of b，t128.

如果 b and c 都是 a of 的介词宾语，a of b and c 算不算对呢？

OG- 53. There is no consensus on what role, if any, is played by acid rain in slowing the growth or damaging forests in the eastern United States.
A. slowing the growth or damaging
B. the damage or the slowing of the growth of
C. the damage to or the slowness of the growth of
D. damaged or slowed growth of
E. damaging or slowing the growth of

Answer is E. My confusion is:　当 a or b + n. 且这个n. 是 a 和 b 的共同对象时，E 的形式会不会让人以为 the growth of 只是 slowing 的宾语而不是damaging 的宾语呢？

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with + n. 只能做独立结构为状语吗？

OG-251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
A. extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
B. extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
C. extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
D. extinction, now with fivefold the numbers they had
E. extinction, now with numbers five times greater than

Answer is A , 如果 with + n. 只能是独立主格结构做状语，为什么不可以是 E 呢？

OG-104. The diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian--vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, and meat rarely.
A. and meat rarely
B. and meat was rare
C. with meat as rare
D. meat a rarity
E. with meat as a rarity

如果with + n. 只能做状语，我就明白了答案是 E, 否则，偶可以理解成 with meat as a raity 用来做形容词修饰 meal cakes, so E is not clear. B should be right. 我的误区在哪？请赐教！

作者: gemj 时间: 2003-9-20 10:33

以下是引用freegirl在2003-9-20 8:04:00的发言：
节选自山峰的 OG-SC 完全版 (nice job!!!) ：
4. a of b and c ，有歧义，解决办法是c and a of b，t128.

如果 b and c 都是 a of 的介词宾语，a of b and c 算不算对呢？

如果是这样，那当然没问题。

以下是引用freegirl在2003-9-20 8:04:00的发言：
OG- 53. There is no consensus on what role, if any, is played by acid rain in slowing the growth or damaging forests in the eastern United States.
A. slowing the growth or damaging
B. the damage or the slowing of the growth of
C. the damage to or the slowness of the growth of
D. damaged or slowed growth of
E. damaging or slowing the growth of

Answer is E. My confusion is:　当 a or b + n. 且这个n. 是 a 和 b 的共同对象时，E 的形式会不会让人以为 the growth of 只是 slowing 的宾语而不是damaging 的宾语呢？

当然不会，因为damaging 是及物动词，它后面的话还没说完啊。
作者: freegirl 时间: 2003-9-20 11:12

哈，明白了。再帮我看看 with + n. 部分吧！谢谢了！
作者: gemj 时间: 2003-9-20 16:06

以下是引用freegirl在2003-9-20 8:04:00的发言：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
with + n. 只能做独立结构为状语吗？

OG-251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
A. extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
B. extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
C. extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
D. extinction, now with fivefold the numbers they had
E. extinction, now with numbers five times greater than

Answer is A , 如果 with + n. 只能是独立主格结构做状语，为什么不可以是 E 呢？

OG-104. The diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian--vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, and meat rarely.
A. and meat rarely
B. and meat was rare
C. with meat as rare
D. meat a rarity
E. with meat as a rarity

如果with + n. 只能做状语，我就明白了答案是 E, 否则，偶可以理解成 with meat as a raity 用来做形容词修饰 meal cakes, so E is not clear. B should be right. 我的误区在哪？请赐教！

我觉得with + n.放在句末，并且前面有逗号分隔的结构，既可以做独立结构为状语，也可以作逗号前的名词的定语。到底作什么成分，要根据句子意思。不能一概而论。
251之所以没有选E是因为它有好几个缺陷：（1）这个结构没有反映出时态；（2）when the use …从句没有着落，WHEN是从句，它的主句是谁呢？（3）它会导致混乱，因为它有两种可能性。而相比之下，A是清晰有效的。
104的E从语法上也会导致混乱。但相比而言，B导致的混乱更大：meat was rare可能意味着“肉是半熟的”，也可能意味着“肉是稀罕的”、“肉是珍贵的”。因为RARE有如此众多的在逻辑上都可以讲得通的意思。而且，E从逻辑上是不可能去修饰meal cakes的。
一点粗浅的看法，还请freegirl小妹及各位大侠斧正。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-20 16:08:40编辑过]

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