除了楼上的问题，为什么Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique ？？？
105. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.
(A) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(B) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, a technique called proton induced x-ray emission
(C) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(D) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying it,
(E) A technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced x-ray emission,
选E？
A
1.can is preferable than has the ability
2.that was... and has...and without... confused
3.what called ... refered to?
嗯.A比E要好.
OG 的正确答案是什么呢?
Rhetorical construction
The original sentence successfully avoids the problems that may occur in a long sentence with multiple modifiers. The sentence opens with the modifier originally developed for detecting air pollutants. This participial phrase is immediately followed by the word technique that it modifies; technique is in turn followed by the phrase called proton-induced X-ray emission. Finally, the non-restrictive clause which ... destroying it is correctly placed next to emission and set off from the rest of the sentence by a pair of commas.
A Correct. The modifiers are all correctly placed
B Placement of two long modifiers at the beginning of the sentence is awkward and makes it difficult to locate the subject, second modifier (having...) actually modifies the first modifier
C Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; relative clause introduced by which incorrectly and illogically modifies emission
D Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; relative clause introduced by which incorrectly and illogically modifies emission; has the ability to is wordy
E Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; has the ability to is wordy
The correct answer is A.
以上是OG的解答，我想问的是C&D都说which不指代 emission，那推测应该是指代technique，可是他们都跟A一样接在emission，怎么办别他是在修饰techniuqe而不是emission？
同问，为什么OG说A,which refers to a technique; C, which refers to emission
A. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
C. A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
confusing.....
up
up
个人觉得是不是因为a中 a technique called ...emission, which 指代emission逻辑上就是指technique
cd中 pollutants, called....emission, which 指代emission逻辑上指的是pollutants
同问，为什么OG说A,which refers to a technique; C, which refers to emission
A. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
C. A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
除了楼上的问题，为什么Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique ？？？
顶一下,不明白为什么A中的which就不能指代emission. 请大牛解惑！！！
我也有同样的疑问呀
为啥在A中，which指代就正确了呢？
我对这题也不明白，见http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&replyid=183500&id=25166&page=1&skin=0&Star=2
和大家一起顶，等解答。
这里OG11对于C选项的解释。
Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; relative clause introduced by which incorrectly and illogically modifies emission
which从句为什么A中的which是对的，修饰technology，而C中的which就是错的，修饰了
emission？？，什么样
的情况下可以跳跃修饰呢
个人觉得是不是因为a中 a technique called ...emission, which 指代emission逻辑上就是指technique
cd中 pollutants, called....emission, which 指代emission逻辑上指的是pollutants
除了楼上的问题，为什么Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique ？？？
同问! 难道是因为called...emission比originally developed...更加essential么？
btw,zombie这名字很有个性！
小发表一下意见。。。
xxxx1 , xxxx2 , which..... none restrictive修饰的应该是他之前的语法单元，这里面的which，就是修饰的xxxx2 而不能跳跃修饰xxxx1
在同一个语法单元里面比如说 X of Y, which ， 这里面which应该修饰的是X而不是Y，因为X是主词，Y是副词。 这就是很多选项 X of Y,which，如果which逻辑指向Y的话，一般被归类成awkard。。。
大家觉得make sense么
有点意思~~是不是就是说当限定的定从的时候，which只能修饰紧挨着她前面的现行词~~？？hehe
大家还是要记住这种ETS喜欢修饰的顺序~~
补充一下，我觉得大家应该记住OG说的
Placement of two long nodifiers at the beginning of sentence is awkward and makes it difficult to locate the subject
我想问B选项中的地解释second modifier (having...)acctually modifies the first modifier.
我觉得此时的having 应该是修饰句子的主语a technology.
因为OG11-102解释在说B选项时说道
B)In her book illustrations, carefuuly coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
B的解释Phrase carefully coordinating...illogically modifies the noun that immediately precedes it (book illustrations)
otter, not the illustrations, did the coordinating; awkward and unclear.
请大牛们解释下阿
我印象中，好几个大N说过，X of Y, which...里面的which并不是固定地修饰X或者Y, 而是两者都有可能，要根据具体句子逻辑意思判断。有待继续探讨～
同问，为什么OG说A,which refers to a technique; C, which refers to emission
A. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
C. A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
除了楼上的问题，为什么Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique ？？？
再问!
以下是引用sunnysmell在2006-6-22 3:56:00的发言：
同问，为什么OG说A,which refers to a technique; C, which refers to emission
A. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
C. A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze ...
which修饰的是最近的一个词，我好像在哪道题中看到过这样的解释，具体记不起来了。
主要是在c中，容易引起歧义，句子表达就不清晰了。
俺觉得，gmat的语法更强调哪个答案更好，而不是简单的正确与否。
I agree.
我印象中，好几个大N说过，X of Y, which...里面的which并不是固定地修饰X或者Y, 而是两者都有可能，要根据具体句子逻辑意思判断。有待继续探讨～
这句话的问题是 你怎么判断它的可能呢？
既然从语法上说 x y都是有可能的 那就是歧义 so wrong....
105. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.
(A) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(B) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, a technique called proton induced x-ray emission
(C) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(D) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced x-ray emission, which has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying it,
(E) A technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced x-ray emission,
选E？
E肯定不可以选，A technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants
and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced x-ray emission,
and 的平行结构，但是 was orignally developed 是被动，而has the ability to ...是主动，所以不可以构成平行结构。
再问一下
which从句为什么A中的which是对的，修饰technology，而C中的which就是错的，修饰了emission？？，什么样的情况下可以跳跃修饰呢
请NN解惑!
这个疑问还是一直没有得到很好的答复呢。顶一下。
see this link
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&replyID=2379865&id=255026&skin=0
同意sunnysmell对A跟C的见解
C中的called proton-induced X-ray emission造成了双重修饰的混淆
另外我想问的是
正确选项A中之非限定形容词子句 ,which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, 这边我认同这样的语法
但OG 11th在选项C中的解释说
relative clause introduced by which incorrectly and illogically modifies emission
为什么一样是修饰emission, A的非限定形容词子句用法成立
而C却不行呢？
难道在A句中并不是修饰emission？ 请NN们搬搬忙了
好象依然没有人知道。
我也同问WHICH什么时候可以跳跃指代.谢谢
确实，刚好把两道题一起拿来查了，都是跟插入语有关。
但是看了上面的讨论，我依然还是不太明白which非限定从的修饰。如果A正确的话，那么C和D中的called也同样是a technique的修饰成分，为什么which就不能修饰中心词a technique了呢？
个人认为:
找清主干, 主语为 technique。
originally developed.../ called proton-induced X-ray emission/ which can ...均修饰 technique。
(A)中originally developed.../ called ...一前一后修饰technique, 而which作为非限制性定语从句，OG中没有讲which 修饰technique, 只是说：“ which...destroying it is correctly placed next to emission and set of from the rest of the sentence by a pair of commas"
per 白勇,which引导的定语从句放在长,宽,高,或called引导的修饰成分后,可以跳跃修饰长宽高或called所修饰的名词或名词短语中心词.以下是引用titatita在2005-12-14 15:24:00的发言：
(C)中technique 后跟两个originally developed.../ called ...造成called...过远修饰。 而which 就更远了，不可能修饰technique, 就修饰emission 了。
(A) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton‑ induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
A选项：可以这样理解a technique (which is called proton‑ induced X-ray emission),which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
called proton‑ induced X-ray emission只是作为修饰主语a technique 的成分可省略，逗号之后的which从句直接指代 a technique
(C) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
B选项：called proton-induced X-ray emission中无主语，逗号后的which只能直接就近修饰
另外我读C的时候就是第一感觉不舒服，不知道是不是语感问题。。。
还请指教
说说我对于A和C中WHICH指代的看法，仔细分析，ETS说得有道理的。大家其实可以看的广一些，也就是说并不要拘泥于WHICH前后的几个词，我们先找出A和C最大的区别是什么？是C将technique和它的同位语proton-induced X-ray分割开来了，那么这样会造成什么结果？就是ETS解释的，在A中which的修饰是正确的，正确的修饰了前面的a technique... emission这个词组，而C呢，C错误的修饰了emission，而不是前面的technique。不知道我说清楚了没有。请指教。
A: Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can
C: A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can
我认为: 定从的指代要看其前面结构的核心词,
A里面核心词是 a technique, 分词called后面的东西是修饰的,属于从属部分,所以which不能修饰emission
C, 单单的一个分词结构, 那么which自然是指代其紧跟的名词, 不能跳跃修饰
关于定从指代的判断, 我自己总结的还有, 如果 名词+介词结构+that/which, that/which也是修饰名词, 而非修饰介词结构中出现的名词
open to discuss
A: Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can
C: A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can
我认为: 定从的指代要看其前面结构的核心词,
A里面核心词是 a technique, 分词called后面的东西是修饰的,属于从属部分,所以which不能修饰emission
C, 单单的一个分词结构, 那么which自然是指代其紧跟的名词, 不能跳跃修饰
关于定从指代的判断, 我自己总结的还有, 如果 名词+介词结构+that/which, that/which也是修饰名词, 而非修饰介词结构中出现的名词
open to discuss
好象有点对, 需要更多例证...
这一题真的有点难, 回头一看, 还是有好多不懂得!!! 继续讨论.
我觉得是不是可以这样理解：
A项 a technique called ... emission, 后面紧跟which的非限定性定语从句，修饰逗号前technique的这部分
C项 注意是 air pollutants, called ...emission，那么其实called引导的部分是修饰逗号前的air pollutants，那么就是air pollutants called ...emission，因此后面用which连接的非限定性定语从句是不对的。
其实ETS的意思不是说emission不对，而是说C项构成emission的不是A选项的technique而是air pollutants。
一点理解，不知对不对，欢迎大家继续讨论，困惑阿困惑
A: Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can
C: A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can
我认为: 定从的指代要看其前面结构的核心词,
A里面核心词是 a technique, 分词called后面的东西是修饰的,属于从属部分,所以which不能修饰emission
C, 单单的一个分词结构, 那么which自然是指代其紧跟的名词, 不能跳跃修饰
关于定从指代的判断, 我自己总结的还有, 如果 名词+介词结构+that/which, that/which也是修饰名词, 而非修饰介词结构中出现的名词
除了楼上的问题，为什么Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique ？？？
同问，which的问题大家讨论得很多啊，这个也解答一下吧
看了这么多解释，我理解啊，c选项中，要是把逗号去掉，变成
C: A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can ........这里which 就是指代a technique了，
因为有这个逗号，C: A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants , called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can 单单的一个分词结构, which指代其紧跟名词emission OG解释也说should not be set off by commas OG解释也说should not be set off by commas
OG解释也说should not be set off by commas
我的观点：
Rhetorical construction
The original sentence successfully avoids the problems that may occur in a long sentence with multiple modifiers. The sentence opens with the modifier originally developed for detecting air pollutants. This participial phrase is immediately followed by the word technique that it modifies; technique is in turn followed by the phrase called proton-induced X-ray emission. Finally, the non-restrictive clause which ... destroying it is correctly placed next to emission and set off from the rest of the sentence by a pair of commas.
1.gmat喜欢修饰语均匀的一前一后的分布在修饰对象的前后。
2.这里由于“名词+called”的结构修饰关系紧密，可以看做一个群体，所以which这里可以跳过called，修饰名词techniques。一般来说，which还是优先“就近修饰”。
A Correct. The modifiers are all correctly placed
B Placement of two long modifiers at the beginning of the sentence is awkward and makes it difficult to locate the subject, second modifier (having...) actually modifies the first modifier
这里第二个修饰短语修饰对象有可能不是technique了，而是前一个修饰短语，逻辑上错误
C Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; relative clause introduced by which incorrectly and illogically modifies emission
这里由于a technique called…没有连起来，关系不紧密，
which还是优先“就近修饰”emission
D Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; relative clause introduced by which incorrectly and illogically modifies emission; has the ability to is wordy 同上
E Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; has the ability to is wordy
The correct answer is A.
继续讨论~~
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