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标题: [揽瓜阁逻辑小分队] day4 [打印本页]
作者: Ysandre 时间: 2022-9-23 10:30
标题: [揽瓜阁逻辑小分队] day4
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作者: dyf冲！！！ 时间: 2022-9-23 10:32
看一下！
作者: 一只小白 时间: 2022-9-23 10:33
顶顶
作者: Pc700 时间: 2022-9-23 10:36
同意！
作者: 一只小白 时间: 2022-9-23 10:47
C 。该worm会使其他对电脑有害的病毒更容易入侵电脑造成损失。B
作者: Shell_liang 时间: 2022-9-23 10:51
看一下！
作者: shirleyliu_46 时间: 2022-9-23 10:56
看一下！
作者: Sophie_Lee 时间: 2022-9-23 10:57
看一下！
作者: 言言不吃盐 时间: 2022-9-23 11:00
同意！
作者: shirleyliu_46 时间: 2022-9-23 11:01
1. C
2. 这个病毒会产生其他损害，例如更容易让其他病毒入侵
3. B
作者: 言言不吃盐 时间: 2022-9-23 11:13
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? C
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia. 取非削弱
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
这个worm会让病毒更容易进入电脑
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有 B
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: Sophie_Lee 时间: 2022-9-23 11:14
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine. 果因推理：因为大部分摄入大剂量咖啡因的人都会比少摄入或不摄入的人失眠，所以失眠是由于摄入咖啡因造成的
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? C
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia. 排除因果倒置（排除因为失眠才喝咖啡因而不是咖啡因导致失眠的情况）
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy. 答案方向：强调这种worm对电脑的危害。这种worm虽然能够对电脑加强安全保护，但是会延缓电脑寿命/造成其他危害
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有 B 果因推理：dirupt的原因是因为是motorized造成的。
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多（排除他因）
作者: Shell_liang 时间: 2022-9-23 11:14
1. 过量摄入咖啡因-失眠
assumption：没有其余的干扰因素 C
2. computer worm- 造成的危害比较大
选一个造成危害大的原因就行，比如人们维修的电脑的成本高，等等
3. non-motorized 维修频率低，涉及数据，要保证样本的一致性，变量是一致的，使用次数应该是一样的才行，选B
作者: Chuu_Ack 时间: 2022-9-23 11:29
看一下！
作者: 邦德王 时间: 2022-9-23 11:48
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
结论：high caffeine - more likely insomnia
Assumption：没有其他因素影响insomnia，或者没有其他目的来影响咖啡因的摄入
选C
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
找到more harm的选项
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
保持样本变量一致，选B
A选项只是样本数量的问题，并没有限制变量
作者: Chuu_Ack 时间: 2022-9-23 11:49
923
1、
P1:有的人说吃很多咖啡因不会导致失眠
P2:研究表明从饮料中摄入咖啡因的人比不吃咖啡因的人更容易失眠
C:咖啡因会导致失眠
GAP:是否有无关变量：前者是从饮料中摄入咖啡因的吗？前后者体质差异？
答案：C
2、
P1:电脑病毒通常是恶意的
P2:有一种病毒让电脑更安全
C:虽然创造者的意图是好的，但他导致的坏处大于益处
GAP：这种病毒除了带来安全是否会带来别的特性？
猜测：这种病毒的传播方式给其他病毒提供了方向
3、
P1:MO-10%
P2:NON-2%
C:想要少disrupt就用non
GAP：使用频率一样吗、损耗率一样吗
答案：B
作者: Ak777 时间: 2022-9-23 11:51
同意！
作者: Ak777 时间: 2022-9-23 12:00
Day 4
1.咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
-C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia. 倒置因果
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
-为了给受感染的电脑增加安全性，蠕虫能甄别出哪些是感染了的电脑，黑客或者其他犯罪分子可以利用此特点筛选出攻击目标，这样后续带来的危害大于security features带来的好处
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
-B他因 M. TM十年用10万次，只有10%维修；non-M. TM十年用10次，却2%维修，显而易见
作者: DonkeyG 时间: 2022-9-23 12:21
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it issometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not causeinsomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has foundthat people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such ascoffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia thanpeople who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of thefollowing is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption ofcaffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely tocause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumptionis the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People sufferingfrom insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming muchmore caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The onlyevidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statisticalevidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone whoregularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer frominsomnia.
C
2. Computer worms
computer worms aremostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds securityfeatures for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computerworm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
一般人不知道这个worm是无害的，结果造成了更大的资源浪费
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorizedTM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
B
作者: 白白有点黑 时间: 2022-9-23 12:24
同意！
作者: charming- 时间: 2022-9-23 12:28
Mark一下！
作者: 白白有点黑 时间: 2022-9-23 12:43
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
——p：摄入含有咖啡因的饮料
——c：失眠
——相关因果中的因果倒置，选C
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
——p：有人设计了增强保护功能的病毒
——c：这种病毒害处更多
——这种病毒促进了不好的病毒传播？这种病毒携带不好的病毒?
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
——p：m有10%维修几率，nm只有2%
——c：如果不想被打扰，就用nm
——答案应该是往这个研究有错误的方向出发，比如说抽样，B
作者: 佛系A子在線讀書 时间: 2022-9-23 12:55
看一下！
作者: 佛系A子在線讀書 时间: 2022-9-23 13:10
1.咖啡因跟失眠之間的關聯
>>C (有失眠的人回答沒有偏頗)
2.電腦病毒加了安全性還是不好，Why
(1)security回不到中毒以前，所以還是會害電腦容易資料外洩
(2)worm本身就不好，不論加多少positive features都改變不了本質
3.不想被disrupt就要選non-motorized TM，assumption
>>B(使用次數多可能會造成機器更容易需要維修)
作者: wannatechan 时间: 2022-9-23 13:22
Mark一下！
作者: zzz1. 时间: 2022-9-23 13:33
看一下！
作者: wannatechan 时间: 2022-9-23 13:34
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
答案:C
相关因果式分析
前提：people with high levels of caffeine consumption，more likely to suffer from insomnia
结论：consuming caffeine at high levels does cause insomnia
猜测方向：因果关系颠倒
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
解释题：找为什么this computer worm more harm than good，可以占内存，损耗电脑寿命等等
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
答案：B
作者: zzz1. 时间: 2022-9-23 13:51
1.咖啡因和失眠
F：摄入过高的咖啡因会导致失眠
C: 喝含咖啡因高的饮料的人更容易失眠
Q：assumption
OA: C
摄入高咖啡因—失眠，C排除了其他会导致失眠的因素
2.Computer worms
F：computer worms通常有害
P：有一种cw给被感染的电脑提供保护
C：尽管创造这个cw出于好意，但是产生的危害更大
Q：explain discrepency
这种cw对没被感染的电脑有害
3.Motorized TM维修
F：m10%要维修，nm2%要维修
P：人们不想被disrupt
C：用nm
Q：assumption
OA：B
两者使用次数相同（样本一致），m更容易坏
作者: dyf冲！！！ 时间: 2022-9-23 13:58
10. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
p：高浓度的咖啡因摄入从饮料中——容易失眠
c：高浓度咖啡因——失眠
选c，因果倒置
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11.
Computer worms computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
p1：电脑病毒通常都是有害的
p2：最近有个病毒能够保护感染了的电脑的安全
c：奇怪的是：虽然出发点是好的，但是弊大于利
解释
猜测: 除了电脑安全之外有什么别的弊端，比如：虽然安全了但总是让电脑死机
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有 A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
p：n-m的十年维修率比m的低
c：大家不想被打扰就应该用n-m
思路：控制变量，使用频次得一样，选b
作者: 筱雅Jane510 时间: 2022-9-23 14:28
看一下！
作者: girigiri_I 时间: 2022-9-23 16:14
看一下！
作者: 盐盐小羊 时间: 2022-9-23 16:26
kk
作者: charming- 时间: 2022-9-23 16:31
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A.Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia. 没谈其他来源的咖啡因会不会造成失眠
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.没谈失眠的来源
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.正确：失眠的人不会因为缺少睡眠去喝更多咖啡
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.错误
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.无关
2.Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
电脑病毒有害--其中一个电脑病毒增加了一些保护但是还是弊大于利
可能答案：病毒保护了电脑安全但是非常占用内存，影响一些软件的使用。
3.Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多--正确，加强
作者: girigiri_I 时间: 2022-9-23 16:52
1. C
∵ 研究表明有来自饮料比如茶、咖啡、软饮的高水平咖啡因的人更容易失眠
∴ 高水平的咖啡因用的多会导致失眠
assumption？
a. 咖啡因就是咖啡因
b.
c. 解决因果倒置
d. 无关
e. 夸大
2. possible reasons
a. the security features added by the worms may not help to deal with particular problems with which infected computers face
b. additional security features may make it harder for owners of infected computers to repair them
c. a worm, even though it is made for good, computer users will get frightened when it comes without being invited
3. B
a. 题中给的百分比，数量不影响结论，除非小样本
b. 用得更多可能更容易坏，正确
作者: 糖醋香芋 时间: 2022-9-23 17:00
看一下
作者: mushroom_GMAT 时间: 2022-9-23 17:05
打卡
作者: 芝麻芋圆 时间: 2022-9-23 17:32
Mark一下！
作者: anduyin 时间: 2022-9-23 17:34
Mark一下！
作者: anduyin 时间: 2022-9-23 17:45
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? C
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.（这个是说失眠症本身不会通过喝咖啡来抵消，这样规避了是失眠症和咖啡因果互换的情况）
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
P：有个病毒可以为感染的电脑提供保护
异常：这个病毒反而造成了更多的伤害，
很多被伤害的电脑没有植入其他病毒，当这个病毒没有遇到其他病毒时，会攻击电脑
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
P1：MTM十年中10%要维修
P2：NON-MTM 2%要维修
C：不想被打扰，用non
答案：B（加强了，两者次数使用一样，乃至non的更多，那么结论就是对的。）
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: 筱雅Jane510 时间: 2022-9-23 17:58
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
P: People who drink more caffine beverage are far more likely to suffer from insomia than those who don't.
C: High level caffeine causes insomia.
Assumptions: The people did't do other things that will cause insomina.
A Weaken
B Negating B will strengthen
C Negating C: lack of sleep ==> so drink more. If so, the author cannot draw the conclusion.
D Negating D will strengthen
E No tie to conclusion
Answer is C
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
P: His computer worms adds security features for infected computers.
C: The creator did more harm than good.
Reason: His warms causes other seriors problems, e.g.massive data lost.
3. Motorized TM 维修做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
P: 10% of M need maintenance in 10y, but only 2% of non-M need.
C: If don't want to be disrupted, then should choose non-M
Assumptions: No other factor will cause disrupt.
A: Irrelevant comparison
B: M use less but need more maintenance. This must be ture, otherwise it means M use more and maintain more, weaken the conclusion.
Answer is B
作者: 糖醋香芋 时间: 2022-9-23 18:18
1.选B：假设不存在反向因果
2.这个computer worms还可能对电脑产生其他的负面影响，并且这个负面影响是要比其增加的security features要重要得多的。
3.B 在使用相同的次数下，产品本身的特性影响他是否更需要被维修这个特点。这个维修是基于使用时常和次数判断的，而不是针对购买者进行判断的。
作者: brownie1101 时间: 2022-9-23 18:32
看一下！
作者: brownie1101 时间: 2022-9-23 18:39
1.C
2.病毒没有遇见其他病毒时会攻击电脑
3.B
作者: mushroom_GMAT 时间: 2022-9-23 19:42
1. 咖啡因和失眠
第一句：尽管有人说摄取较高的咖啡因不会引起失眠，但是数据证明是会的。
第二句：研究表明从饮料中摄取高浓度咖啡因的人比摄取少或者不摄取咖啡因的人更容易失眠。
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
【C选项取反：遭受失眠的人为了应对缺觉的问题，比不失眠的摄取了更多的咖啡因，可以质疑结论。（因果倒置）】
2. Computer worms
第一句：电脑蠕虫大多数是有害的
第二句：但是，有一款广泛传播的电脑蠕虫却给感染的电脑增加了安全性。
第三句：但是，尽管电脑蠕虫的创作者的出发点是好的，他的确带来更多的是损害。
预测答案方向：
（1）这款蠕虫的程序被其他有心的黑客篡改，导致它成为了一个电脑病毒。
（2）虽然增加了安全性，但是这防火墙过于坚固，阻碍了电脑之间正常的交流，例如文件传输等等。
3. Motorized TM 维修
前提：motorized TM的维修率比non-motorized TM高
结论：所以为了不被disrupt or disrupt更少，应该用non-motorized。
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
【B选项取非，买motorized TM的人比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多，也就是说motorized TM的送修频率高是因为使用频率高，并不能证明non-motorized TM就更不容易坏，可以质疑文章结论】
作者: 去很多地方 时间: 2022-9-23 21:02
看一下！
作者: 去很多地方 时间: 2022-9-23 21:10
1.C
2.这种worm传播使容易带上malicious worm；malicious worm会模仿这种worm进行传播
3.B 维修率=维修次数/总数，
作者: PennyWen95 时间: 2022-9-23 21:14
看一下！
作者: PennyWen95 时间: 2022-9-23 21:37
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
Although the unique worm added security features to the infected computers, if the computer has already been infected, then it is easier to get more harm.
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多-加强
两种类型的使用量是一个关键，在同等使用情况下，或者需要更多维修的类型，使用的频率更少—加强
选择：维修百分比与受干扰挂钩的选项
作者: George_chen 时间: 2022-9-23 23:24
看一下！
作者: George_chen 时间: 2022-9-23 23:40
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?C
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
电脑蠕虫大多是有害的，然后有一种对感染的电脑增加保护
尽管这种蠕虫的创造者是善意的，但是他仍然造成了更多的伤害
可能是创造的蠕虫被不法分子利用等；思路：找出这个蠕虫的可能的危害。
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption B
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: 牧鸢年华 时间: 2022-9-23 23:43
同意！
作者: Hazellto 时间: 2022-9-23 23:51
Mark一下！
作者: 鸡麦特焖焖 时间: 2022-9-23 23:53
q
作者: 盐盐小羊 时间: 2022-9-24 00:05
1.C 取非后削弱，削弱方法（因果倒置）
2.这个worm还是会伤害电脑，在除了security以外的其他方面
3.B 还是取非削弱 买m的人比non的用的次数多的话，维修比例并不能代表non好
作者: Hazellto 时间: 2022-9-24 00:57
Day4打卡！
作者: lau9999 时间: 2022-9-24 10:58
看一下！
作者: 花花嘛嘛 时间: 2022-9-24 11:10
1
作者: lau9999 时间: 2022-9-24 11:13
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.因果关系：高浓度咖啡因导致失眠
答案否定了其中的因果倒置的情况，肯定不是失眠所导致的咖啡购买欲望
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
在清除病毒的同时会导致其他致命问题
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
B
作者: 光中雾 时间: 2022-9-24 11:38
感谢
作者: DylanStrawberry 时间: 2022-9-24 12:55
看一下！
作者: DylanStrawberry 时间: 2022-9-24 13:10
Day4
1.尽管有人说摄入过量咖啡因不会导致失眠，数据显示会。研究发现从饮料中摄入过量咖啡因的人更容易失眠。 assumption题
预测：assumption可能是说不存在那些本来就失眠的人更喜欢喝咖啡这种情况，把咖啡因和失眠要正确挂钩。
A无关选项；b太过绝对；c患有失眠症的人通常不会通过消耗比他们没有失眠症时多得多的咖啡因来应对他们的睡眠不足。就是说本身就有失眠症的人不会偏向于喝过多咖啡因（也就是排除其他原因失眠而同样有多喝咖啡因性状的可能性
d only evidence不对；e任何多消费的人都会失眠
2.malicious 恶毒的
一个世界广传的计算机病毒提高了被感染病毒的安保功能，但这个病毒还出还是多于好处。
我的猜想是：加强安保的电脑无法被正常使用，计算机所有者无法正常打开文件，因为安保措施被加强太多
3.B，维修需要考虑的不仅仅是产品质量，还有本身使用频率，使用强度，保养措施等
作者: Muqierrrrr 时间: 2022-9-25 08:37
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
这个worm可能会“免疫逃逸”？还会使得别的病毒也复制他的特征更容易攻击电脑？
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: 洋阳羊 时间: 2022-9-25 10:49
看一下！
作者: 洋阳羊 时间: 2022-9-25 11:18
1.C 取反后因果倒置-削弱
2.这个computer worm使得其他malicious computer worm更容易infect computer？
3.买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: 你板凳倒了 时间: 2022-9-25 13:21
同意！
作者: 你板凳倒了 时间: 2022-9-25 13:52
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
【选择】C【类型】相关因果
【分析】假设题。咖啡因导致失眠。取非削弱。C取非后存在反向因果问题。
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
malicious 可恶的；
【分析】解释题。有一个电脑虫可以增加安全性能，但这个电脑虫的害处比益处大。感觉我自己硬分析不出来 得看选项。。
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
【选择】B【类型】
【分析】假设题。取非削弱。若M用的比NM多的话那M维修是正常的。
作者: hs999 时间: 2022-9-25 21:47
看一下！
作者: hs999 时间: 2022-9-25 22:01
Day 4 打卡
1、咖啡因和失眠
排除他因，或者加强咖啡因和失眠之间的联系
C 排除了反向因果
2、Computer worms
特殊电脑病毒会带来更多的问题比普通病毒更多？影响更大？可以相互沟通，造成更大问题？应该是具备一些特殊性质，从而带来的危害更大
3、Motorized TM 维修
因为质量差，所以维修率高；
B 排除维修率高的其他原因
作者: Ryyoo 时间: 2022-9-26 13:40
同意！
作者: 儂子 时间: 2022-9-26 16:02
看一下！
作者: Skylarmoumou 时间: 2022-9-26 16:03
看一下！
作者: 儂子 时间: 2022-9-26 18:47
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
P: people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
C: statistical evidence shows that it does.
Answer: B
(Ｃ否定了 因果倒置的情况)
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
Fact: one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers.
Fact: although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good.
Resolve paradox: 再創造malicious worms時不小心創出一個好的worm
【答案】
电脑用户因为对这种好蠕虫的好印象而疏于对其他坏蠕虫们的防护。
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
P: motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修
C: 如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized
Assumption: non-motorized TM無其他問題
【答案】
A:做 survey 的这些人，买 motorized 的和买 non-motorized 的一样多
B:买 motorized TM 的人没有比买 non-motorized TM 的人用的次数更多(加 强)
作者: 曼特宁1213 时间: 2022-9-26 19:23
看一下
作者: 曼特宁1213 时间: 2022-9-26 21:11
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.正确
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
已经infect，装了security后更加无法维修/占据过多空间/影响正常装载软件
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
B
作者: dreamsista 时间: 2022-9-27 10:15
看看
作者: dreamsista 时间: 2022-9-27 10:23
1，c
2，这个病毒会让其他病毒更容易感染电脑
3，b
作者: Mertian 时间: 2022-9-28 16:01
1
作者: 黑框旻 时间: 2022-9-30 16:24
看一下！
作者: 黑框旻 时间: 2022-9-30 16:34
1. F: evidence - consuming caffeine at high levels does cause insomnia
people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine
1. 因果倒置—不会是因为因为失眠没睡好，所以摄入更多咖啡因来保持清醒 C
2. 他因削弱—摄入咖啡因过多的人没有其他不良习惯导致失眠
2.F: computer worms are mostly malicious;
one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers
did more harm than good
E: 和其他有害的worms拥有相同的代码部分，不同部分让其更不易被检测出，相同部分也会造成相同破坏；
3. B，他因削弱——使用次数的差异是他因
作者: xkxkxkk 时间: 2022-10-1 13:03
同意！
作者: xkxkxkk 时间: 2022-10-1 13:17
day4
1.
实验发现 那些喝beverages（含咖啡因的）更容易失眠
问assumption
：没有他因、没有因果倒置
C
2.
worms有害
但有人在worms里加了一个security feature
但ta还是恶>善
discrepancy：security 不起作用？或者worm带去了更多的病毒？（有副作用）
3.
motorized和non-motorized用的频率一样高==>B
作者: 问题不大35 时间: 2022-10-1 23:12
看一下！
作者: 考研必过 时间: 2022-10-1 23:43
看一下
作者: JamesDaiii 时间: 2022-10-2 10:40
同意！
作者: 芝麻芋圆 时间: 2022-10-3 17:51
1. C因果倒置
2. computer worms还有其他危害
3. B
作者: ZZhiyan 时间: 2022-10-29 23:39
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? C
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
P：电脑爬虫大部分是恶意的，但是某个电脑爬虫对infected电脑带有安全属性
C：尽管这个电脑爬虫的制造者是好意，但还是坏处多过好处
答案：这个电脑爬虫会对电脑造成其他损害
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: Sharonnnhai 时间: 2022-10-30 08:31
C
security features 与其他security 软件冲突。
B
作者: CCCandice 时间: 2022-10-31 21:06
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? C
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
这些开始是好的worms在后续会被其他影响变坏
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption B
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: Severus. 时间: 2022-11-9 14:53
1.C
P：消耗更多的咖啡因容易失眠
C:从饮料中摄取大量咖啡因的人比很少摄取咖啡因的人更容易失眠
gap：其他因素导致失眠
2.P1:电脑病毒大部分有害
P2:有一个病毒增加了电脑的安全性
C:尽管这个病毒的研发者动机是好的，但利大于弊
gap：这个病毒带来了其他危害
3.B
P:m有10%需要维修，non-m有2%需要维修
C:要想不被打扰应选择non-m
gap：使用频率不一样
作者: CHENOlivia 时间: 2022-11-29 14:28
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
C
因：喝beverages比不喝或者少喝的更容易suffer from insomnia
果：caffeine会导致insomnia
A 提及因以外的东西
B 不对
C 排除了因果颠倒的情况，选这个
D 不对
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
提及这种computer worm的一种致命危害即可。
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
B m和nm要一样才能得出结论
作者: kirsiii 时间: 2022-12-2 21:43
Day 41. 咖啡因和失眠
Althoughit is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not causeinsomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has foundthat people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such ascoffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia thanpeople who consume little or no caffeine.
Whichof the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
P1:很多研究发现从饮料中获取很多咖啡因的人比那些不获取咖啡因的人更容易失眠
C：所以咖啡因会导致失眠
Gap：人群控制（这些喝很多咖啡因的人本身没有睡眠问题）
A.Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks isunlikely to cause insomnia.
B.Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia donot typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeinethan they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D.The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia isstatistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption andinsomnia.
E.Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities willsuffer from insomnia.
C
2. Computer worms
computerworms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms addssecurity features for infected computers. However, although the creator of thiscomputer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain thisdiscrepancy.
P:一个电脑病毒可以帮助受感染的电脑更安全
C：但是这个人即使是抱着好意，他做的也是弊大于利
可能因为这个人的行为导致很多人对电脑病毒有了信任，但是大部分病毒都是恶意的
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disruptor disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
P：调查显示，motorized TM需要维修的比例更高
C：如果想要不被disrupt，就应该用non-motorized
Gap：控制样本了吗？
是否motorized TM的使用率更高呢？
A:做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorizedTM的人没有比买non-motorizedTM的人用的次数更多
B
作者: 断了的弦 时间: 2022-12-4 19:27
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.因果关系：高浓度咖啡因导致失眠
答案否定了其中的因果倒置的情况，肯定不是失眠所导致的咖啡购买欲望
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
在清除病毒的同时会导致其他致命问题
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
作者: PBkk 时间: 2022-12-7 22:33
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
P： people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
C： consuming caffeine at high levels does cause insomnia
相关因果
Support：
- 原理：反向因果：不是因为有insomnia -> 导致caffeine consumption；第三方原因导致了high consumption & insomnia; consumption 如何导致insomnia；
选C
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
C：he did more harm than good.
Support：
- 原理：如何harm: security features碰到worms的某个特征导致无法工作；security features不适用于现在的电脑；
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
C：如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized
Support：
- 因果关系：调查具有代表性，可以证明non-m TM & m TM的差异。
选B
作者: luzitao630 时间: 2023-1-11 14:05
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia (失眠), statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
P: 消费咖啡因的人比起没消费得咖啡因的人更容易得I; C: 咖啡因的锅
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.-取非则因果倒置
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
Computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good.
矛盾点: 为什么又security, 但是harm多过good?
EXPLAIN
电脑病毒可以利用security的特点隐瞒自己, 绕过杀毒软件识别 (特洛伊木马)
做了一个调查, motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修, non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修. 如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少, 就应该用non-motorized.
motorized TM只需要维修10%, 而non-motorized TM需要维修2%; 所以, 应该用non-motorized TM (换句话说就是维修量少)
GAP: 绝对值和相对值的关系如何? 百分比少绝对数量就少?
The argument assumed which of the followings?
A: 做survey的这些人, 买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多-无关选项
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多-YES, 提到了次数
作者: 顾周i 时间: 2023-2-22 22:34
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
P：科学家证实高摄入咖啡因会导致失眠
C：爱喝高浓度咖啡因饮料的人比不咋喝咖啡因饮料的人容易失眠
assumption：不是因果倒置——C
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
解释题补充GAP
P：一种电脑蠕虫可以给中毒的电脑增加防火墙
C：这个电脑蠕虫的坏处大于好处
解释坏处有多坏/坏处大于好处
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
调查题：
从削弱点出发1、实验对象有偏 2、实验条件有偏
取非——实验条件无偏、实验对象无偏——A：强调实验的无偏性
作者: Cocoboyxx 时间: 2023-4-29 20:45
看一下！
作者: Cocoboyxx 时间: 2023-4-30 01:29
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia.
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia.
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.
P：？
C：有很多研究发现高咖啡因摄入的人相较于低咖啡因摄入的人更有可能患失眠
Q：问假设
思路：关联咖啡因与insomnia
选项：A，除咖啡、茶、饮料以外的咖啡因摄入不会造成失眠，讨论咖啡因，咖啡因存在的地方不是重点；B，咖啡因摄入是唯一常见的引起失眠的原因，不能成为假设；C，患有失眠的人不会比不患失眠的人摄入更多的咖啡因，排除了因果倒置，正确；D，？，与数据无关；E，绝对化；
【逻辑思路】F：通常看法——摄入高水平的咖啡因不会导致失眠；统计表明——会
P：？
C：反复研究表明：人们从饮料如咖啡茶软饮料中摄入高水平的咖啡因比少摄入或不摄入咖啡因的人更容易失眠
思路：将高水平咖啡因与失眠关联。排除其他导致失眠的原因
作者假设：高水平咖啡因的摄入与失眠有关
方向：考场上选高水平咖啡因摄入与失眠有关，或排除其他原因的选项
【备选答案】与不失眠的人相比，失眠的人不会因为缺少睡眠而摄入更高水平的咖啡因（否定了因果倒置的情况）
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious（恶毒的）. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
F：computer worms are mostly malicious
P：one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers
C：although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good.
Q：问解释
思路：security features的缺点
方向：security features虽然能保护电脑，但运行起来经常会使电脑崩溃
【逻辑思路】F：计算机如从大多数都可恶。有一种广为传播的蠕虫为受损电脑增加安全因素
P：电脑用户因为对这种好蠕虫的好印象而疏于对其他坏蠕虫们的防护
C：尽管这种蠕虫的创造者是出于好意，他做坏事多于做好事
思路：探寻该蠕虫，该蠕虫创造着的多面性（尤其是负面影响）
作者假设：该蠕虫创造者好心办坏事
方向：考场上选该蠕虫创造者好心（不要选该创造者有恶意的选项）办坏事的选项
【备选答案】电脑用户因为对这种好蠕虫的好印象而疏于对其他坏蠕虫的防护
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
F：一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修
P：？
C：如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized
Q：问假设
思路：调查中的其他因素是否一致
选项：A，调查只要是正常抽样维修率应该都是正常数据，无关接受调查买的人数；B，使用次数也会影响维修次数，正确；
【逻辑思路】思路：使用频次，维修频率，大修与否（因主要与维修费用相关，与被干扰关系不大，故放弃这一线索）
作者假设：调查比较具有可比性，维修百分比少的TM使人们少受打扰，维修百分比少的TM维修频率也低
方向：考场上选维修百分比与受干扰挂钩的选项
【备选答案】A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多（加强）
作者: Shirlin211 时间: 2023-8-5 12:38
C
作者: Turv_vc 时间: 2023-8-7 15:49
1. 咖啡因
P：相关数据统计人们饮用含有咖啡因的饮料跟容易比那些不饮用的更容易失眠
C：人们食用咖啡因会导致失眠
Assumption: 这只确定了咖啡因这么一种变量导致失眠，但是有可能还有压力，什么等也会导致失眠，所以题目的p和c之间要确保只有单一变量，所以这个题目选B
2. 有些时候这种电脑病毒给电脑带来了安全保障但是与此同时，这种安全措施是这个电脑使用更加繁琐，给客户带了来很大的使用困难
3. 选B
A中你购买不够买的人数最终并不会影响的你的维修的比例，只有使用次数才会影响，说不定你用的更多需要维修的更多
作者: Kacerlotte 时间: 2023-9-7 10:33
进阁打卡-逻辑NO.3
Day 4
1. 咖啡因和失眠
Although it is sometimes claimed that consuming caffeine at high levels does not cause insomnia, statistical evidence shows that it does. Study after study has found that people with high levels of caffeine consumption from beverages such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks are far more likely to suffer from insomnia than people who consume little or no caffeine.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Consumption of caffeine from sources other than coffee, tea, and soft drinks is unlikely to cause insomnia. ---无关比较
B. Caffeine consumption is the only commonly occurring cause of insomnia. ---排除他因方向，但没有提及“大量咖啡因”
C. People suffering from insomnia do not typically respond to their lack of sleep by consuming much more caffeine than they would if they did not suffer from insomnia.---无因果倒置
D. The only evidence available to show whether caffeine causes insomnia is statistical evidence showing correlations between caffeine consumption and insomnia.---无关
E. Anyone who regularly consumes caffeine in more than moderate quantities will suffer from insomnia.---无关比较
推理模式：相关因果（加强方向：因果相关/无他因/无因果倒置）
逻辑链：饮料摄取多咖啡因-->所以更易失眠
答案：C
2. Computer worms
computer worms are mostly malicious. However, one of the widespread computer worms adds security features for infected computers. However, although the creator of this computer worm had good intention, he did more harm than good. explain this discrepancy.
解释题：这个电脑病毒能保护电脑-->但是因为“答案”-->坏处更多
答案方向：1. 这个病毒占很多内存让受感染电脑performance变差 2. 这个病毒给其他怀恶意的病毒提供了效仿对象
3. Motorized TM 维修
做了一个调查，motorized TM 十年中10%需要维修，non-motorized TM 只有2%需要维修。如果人们想在日常使用中不被disrupt or disrupt更少，就应该用non-motorized。问assumption
选项有
A: 做survey的这些人，买motorized的和买non-motorized的一样多
B: 买motorized TM的人没有比买non-motorized TM的人用的次数更多
推理模式：因果（加强方向：因果相关/因本身成立）
逻辑链：mTM坏率10%&nmTM坏率2%-->mTM更容易坏-->所以用nmTM
答案：B
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