1. The government has warned of possible travel disruptions this winter because the primary chemical used to keep airport runways free of snow and ice is scarce. There are effective alternative chemicals. However, they are environmentally hazardous and thus require special exemptions from the ban on their use. So if the government issued such exemptions to cold-weather airports, travelers would not have to face the warned-of travel disruptions.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. There will be a sufficient amount of the alternative chemicals to supply all the airports that need them.
B. The number of winter storms bringing snow and ice this winter is forecast to be no greater than normal.
C. The government has an established policy of issuing exemptions from the alternative-chemical ban when the primary chemical is scarce.
D. The supply of regularly used chemicals that was available before this winter's shortage has been enough to keep flights moving in past winters.
E. If disruptions of flights occur during the winter in question, they will not be caused by a lack of the chemicals used to keep runways free of snow and ice.
2.Natural gas was recently discovered in the economically depressed Region Y, and the Fonidol company has drilled a number of wells there. Subsequently, the water in local residents' water supply became somewhat murky. It is likely that the gas extraction process is in part the cause of this, since extraction involves pumping out large quantities of groundwater. However, very few of the affected residents have complained to authorities about the water quality.
Which of the following, if true, would most help to explain why the residents did not complain to the authorities?
A. Total annual rainfall in Region Y has fluctuated over the last ten years.
B. No expert advice has been obtained on behalf of any of the residents to determine whether the water contains toxic substances.
C. Fonidol was attracted to Region Y as part of a local economic-development effort that attracted extremely strong support throughout the community.
D. Most residents of Region Y pay higher water fees than do residents of other regions of the country.
E. The natural gas reserves in Region Y are expected to run out in approximately forty years.
参考答案： 作者: h1hh 时间: 2021-6-27 10:01
AC作者: CaryX 时间: 2021-6-27 10:47
看一下！ 作者: theking0001 时间: 2021-6-27 17:11
看一下！作者: Syvlia 时间: 2021-6-27 20:16
AB作者: 速水愛媛 时间: 2021-6-27 22:34
A B作者: famerica 时间: 2021-6-27 23:03
ab作者: miemie_yang 时间: 2021-6-28 14:31
A B作者: wangminghan 时间: 2021-6-28 17:19
AC作者: Ethan_dai 时间: 2021-6-28 20:34
A B作者: 盼盼la 时间: 2021-6-28 23:09
AC作者: Yanting1 时间: 2021-6-29 09:06
AC作者: 断了的弦 时间: 2021-7-4 22:32
bb作者: james333 时间: 2021-7-5 01:39
看一下！ 作者: ccccherry 时间: 2021-7-21 14:39
AB作者: 大月亮cyn 时间: 2021-10-9 19:45 Day41 1. [Assumption] A
【P1】除冰雪的主要chemical稀缺 --> travel disruptions今年冬天
【P2】alternative 污染环境 require exemptions from the ban
【C】exemptions to cold-weather airports X travel disruptions."
A. a sufficient amount of the alternative 取反，如果连替代品都不够，那还是会face travel disruptions 2. [Paradox] B
【1】Natural gas -- Well gas extraction--> water supply murky
【2】few of the affected residents have complained"
A. rainfall OUTOFSCOPE
B. 其实居民不知道水质里有toxic substance 所以他们没有complain 合理！
C. 干扰选项，F作为当地经济增长手段的一部分，得到了整个社会的支持，如果单单说支持，也不能明确表示，支持这个项目但是对这个项目后续的后果视而不见
D. pay higher water fees？ Strength the paradox
E. natural gas reservesexpected to run out Irrelevant 作者: lfengi 时间: 2021-10-28 13:36
Assumption： A- 取反， 替代化学剂也没有足够多来维持所有需要他们的机场
Explanation: B - 没有专家代表居民去决定水是否含毒素作者: ccjcheng 时间: 2022-3-4 16:24
题目说的是居民没有去抱怨水质（water quality）变差，选项B直接shift到水是否有毒（toxic），不太对吧….作者: 天天练哦 时间: 2023-2-26 08:08
第二题B选项真的很牵强。
水都已经murky了，是一个肉眼可见的变化了，这种情况下向authorities complain还需要expert advice 吗难道？B选项的意思是no expert advice has been obtained whether toxic，又不是说no expert advice show that the water is not toxic。。。我不服气，有没有NN能解释一下啊作者: ChaseGkur 时间: 2023-4-12 21:35
+1
都肉眼可见的murky了，都不抱怨吗？ 作者: EowynXXX 时间: 2023-4-14 16:20
ab
1.政府因为用来化雪的主要化学物质短期警告潜在的travel disruption。有替代物质但是对环境有害，所以需要豁免才能用。如果政府启用豁免权就能避免travel disruption
a.替代物质足量
b.今年冬天的风雪跟往年一样
c.政府有豁免相关的政策
d.原先用的那种化学物质往年都够用
e.如果真的发生了disruption，不是由于原先那种物质短缺造成的
2.经济衰退的Y区发现了天然气，F公司来打井开采。接着当地水源受污染，F的开采可能是部分原因；但是几乎没居民投诉水质。
why
a.当地降水有浮动
b.没有专家判断水里到底有没有toxic物质
c.F来开采复苏经济受到社区的强烈支持
d.Y的居民水费很贵
e.天然气40年内会开采完作者: cynthiage123 时间: 2023-4-19 13:48
Mark一下！ 作者: 祎气呵陈 时间: 2023-10-9 22:13
1: Option C - "Fonidol was attracted to Region Y as part of a local economic-development effort that attracted extremely strong support throughout the community," would most help to explain why the residents did not complain to the authorities. This could suggest that residents were willing to tolerate the murkiness in their water because they supported the gas extraction project and recognized its economic benefits to their underprivileged region.
2: The answer says B, but I also approve C
1: Option B - "No expert advice has been obtained on behalf of any of the residents to determine whether the water contains toxic substances," could explain why residents didn't complain if they weren't aware that the murkiness could be hazardous. However, Option C - "Fonidol was attracted to Region Y as part of a local economic-development effort that attracted extremely strong support throughout the community," could also explain why residents didn't complain, as they may have prioritized the economic benefits over the water quality. Both answers could potentially explain the residents' lack of complaints, but it depends on the specifics of the situation and what the question is aiming to highlight.作者: 祎气呵陈 时间: 2023-10-9 22:15
而且题干中还专门提了 economically depressed，C出于经济利益考虑就很适合啊作者: jk123123 时间: 2023-11-11 23:10
Q1:
A. There will be a sufficient amount of the alternative chemicals to supply ALL the airports that need them
Conclusion: So if the government issued such exemptions to COLD-WEATHER airports, travelers would not have to face the warned-of travel disruptions.
The conclusion doesn't assume all airports. That means if airports do not suffer from cold weather, it is fine that they do not have sufficient chemicals because there will be no disruption.
