1. To decrease the number of crimes in city Y, the city’s Police Commissioner proposed taking some police officers from low-crime districts of the city and moving them to high-crime districts of the city. His proposal is based on city Y crime data that show that the number of crimes in any district of the city decreases when additional police officers are moved into that district. The Police Commissioner’s proposal depends on which of the following assumptions?
A City X experienced a drastic reduction in crime after implementing a proposal similar to that proposed by the Police Commissioner of city Y.
B The severity of crimes committed in any district of the city decreases when additional police officers are moved into that district.
C The number of crimes committed in all high-crime districts of city Y is more than triple the number of crimes committed in all low-crime districts of city Y.
D There are more low-crime districts than high-crime districts in city Y.
E Districts of the city from which police officers are removed do not experience significant crime increases shortly after the removal of those officers.
2. Although there has been great scientific debate for decades over global warming, most scientists now agree that human activity is causing the Earth’s temperature to rise. Though predictions vary, many global warming experts believe that average global temperatures will rise between three and eight degrees Fahrenheit during the next century. Such an increase would cause an alarming rise in sea levels, displacing millions of people by destroying major population centers along the world’s coastlines. Which of the following is an assumption in support of the argument’s conclusion?
A New technological developments in the next century will not divert rising seas from the world’s coastal cities.
B Individuals will not become more aware of the steps they can take to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.
C Rising sea levels similarly affect all coastal population centers.
D Some global warming experts predict a greater than eight degree Fahrenheit increase in global temperatures during the next century.
E Human activity is the sole cause of increasing global temperatures.
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