揽瓜阁做题小分队第48天美国隔离法案 - ChaseDream

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Some of the legal remedies that the United States Supreme Court’s 1955 Brown II decision prescribed to eliminate racially segregated education were faulty because they failed to take into account important findings of a sociological study on community experiences in school desegregation. First, the Court assigned primary responsibility for school desegregation to local school authorities and to U.S. district courts because it believed that these local entities could best change local regulations and thereby accomplish school desegregation. But the study had found that successful desegregation could occur in places where regulations permitted other local institutions to remain segregated. Second, the Court instructed school authorities to admit racial minorities to public schools as soon as practicable, yet it also said that school authorities would be viewed as making good faith efforts if they proceeded “with all deliberate speed,” rather than acting immediately. But the study had found that unclear policies create confusion and facilitate resistance, whereas clear-cut policies administered with resolution and decisiveness early in the process are of great importance in accomplishing desegregation with a minimum of difficulty. Sadly, as a result of such flaws in the Court’s remedies, the opportunity to attend integrated schools was denied to many minority students for up to a decade after the original Supreme Court decision.

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. describe the effects of a Supreme Court decision on school desegregation

B. trace the origins of a Supreme Court decision on school desegregation

C. explain why a Supreme Court decision overlooked certain research findings

D. compare different legal remedies for school segregation

E. give reasons for the limited success of a Supreme Court decision on school desegregation

2.The author of the passage mentions the findings of a particular sociological study primarily in order to establish which of the following?

A. Whether school authorities made good faith efforts to desegregate their schools

B. What kinds of difficulties school authorities faced in desegregating their schools

C. What role local school authorities and U.S. district courts could have played in desegregating schools

D. How school desegregation could have been implemented more effectively

E. How much resistance there was to the Supreme Court’s school desegregation decision

3.The author of the passage suggests that the Supreme Court’s instruction to school authorities to use “all deliberate speed” had which of the following consequences?

A. Schools were desegregated as soon as was practicable.

B. School desegregation was accompanied by a certain amount of confusion.

C. School desegregation proceeded more quickly than the desegregation of other local institutions.

D. School authorities took immediate steps to begin the desegregation process.

E. School authorities made good faith efforts to desegregate their schools.