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标题: 揽瓜阁做题小分队第44天考古新发现会颠覆旧理论 [打印本页]

作者: 小白斩鸡 时间: 2021-5-13 16:26
标题: 揽瓜阁做题小分队第44天考古新发现会颠覆旧理论

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Archaeological discoveries frequently undermine accepted ideas, giving rise to new theories. Recently, a set of 3.3-millionyear-old fossils, the remains of the earliest well preserved child ever found, were discovered in Ethiopia. Estimated to be 3 years old at death, the female child was of the Australopithecus afarensis species, a human ancestor that lived in Africa over 3 million years ago. “Her completeness, antiquity, and age at death make this find of unprecedented importance in the history of paleoanthropology,” said Zeresenay Alemseged, a noted paleo-anthropologist, opining that the discovery could reconfigure conceptions about early humans’ capacities.

Previously, afarensis was believed to have abandoned arboreal habitats. However, while the new fossil's lower limbs support the view of an upright stance, its gorilla-like arms suggest that afarensis was still able to swing through trees, initiating a reexamination of long-held theories of early human development. Also, the presence of a hyoid bone, a rarely preserved larynx bone that supports throat muscles, has dramatically affected concepts of the origin of speech. Although primitive and more apelike than human-like, this fossil hyoid is the first found in such an early human-related species.

1. The organization of the passage could best be described as
(A) discussing a controversial scientific discovery
(B) contrasting previous theories of development with current findings
(C) illustrating a contention with a specific example
(D) arguing for the importance of a particular field of study
(E) refuting a popular misconception

2. The passage quotes Zeresenay Alemseged in order to
(A) provide evidence to qualify the main idea of the first paragraph
(B) question the claims of other scientists
(C) provide evidence to support the linguistic abilities of the afarensis species
(D) provide corroboration for the significance of the find
(E) provide a subjective opinion that is refuted in the second paragraph

3. Each of the following is cited as a factor in the importance of the discovery of the fossils EXCEPT
(A) the fact that the remains were those of a child
(B) the age of the fossils
(C) the location of the discovery
(D) the species of the fossils
(E) the intact nature of the fossils

4. It can be inferred from the passage's description of the discovered fossil hyoid bone that
(A) Australopithecus afarensis was capable of speech
(B) the discovered hyoid bone is less primitive than the hyoid bone of apes
(C) the hyoid bone is necessary for speech
(D) the discovery of the hyoid bone necessitated the reexamination of prior theories
(E) the hyoid bone was the most important fossil found at the site

5. The impact of the discovery of the hyoid bone in the field of archaeology could best be compared to which one of the following examples in another field?
(A) The discovery and analysis of cosmic rays lend support to a widely accepted theory of the origin of the universe.
(B) The original manuscript of a deceased 19th-century author confirms ideas of the development of an important work of literature.
(C) The continued prosperity of a state-run economy stirs debate in the discipline of macroeconomics.
(D) Newly revealed journal entries by a prominent Civil War–era politician lead to a questioning of certain accepted historical interpretations about the conflict.
(E) Research into the mapping of the human genome gives rise to nascent applications of individually tailored medicines.

参考答案：

作者: sssszzzzxccsc 时间: 2021-5-13 20:01
CACCD

作者: rs曦曦 时间: 2021-5-13 21:21
main conclusion: archaeology discovery could change originally wide-accepted theory.
supportive case study: a newly-found 3-year-old AA species initiate two new ideas.

作者: 速水愛媛 时间: 2021-5-13 21:31
A D C C D

作者: 泥里的鱼 时间: 2021-5-13 21:57
ebedb

作者: 193p 时间: 2021-5-14 00:36
Aeeba

作者: Leilanico 时间: 2021-5-14 07:09
BDDDD

作者: pluto1 时间: 2021-5-14 11:06
BDECD

作者: auttoautto 时间: 2021-5-14 11:29
主旨：contrasting previous theories of development with current findings
结构：
P1: Archaeological discoveries frequently undermine accepted ideas, giving rise to new theories. E.G: a set of 3.3-millionyear-old fossils
P2: OLD theory: abandoned arboreal habitats
new theories: gorilla-like arms---- initiating a reexamination of long-held theories
hyoid bone- first found ; dramatically affected concepts of the origin of speech
BACDD

作者: miemie_yang 时间: 2021-5-14 11:45
A B C CB

作者: famerica 时间: 2021-5-14 12:25
bdcdd

作者: Syvlia 时间: 2021-5-16 10:39
Mark一下！

作者: Mavis1017 时间: 2021-5-16 14:04
看一下！

作者: dlwlrma 时间: 2021-5-16 14:40
cdccd

作者: ccccherry 时间: 2021-5-17 16:25
BDCCD

作者: gtertaisha 时间: 2021-5-19 07:09
Daccc

作者: 飞跃重洋2017 时间: 2021-5-27 14:30
BDACD

作者: yutingw 时间: 2021-5-27 14:34
BDCCD

作者: liangabc 时间: 2021-5-27 15:27
同意！

作者: 英语爱我我爱英语 时间: 2021-5-27 20:42
CDCDA

作者: Ivory2020 时间: 2021-5-27 21:44
同意！

作者: 浪浪清 时间: 2021-5-28 20:37
BDECD

作者: 690387114 时间: 2021-6-12 19:45
DD(A)CDD 正答CDCDD题1 D讨论对象a particular field of study一个特定的研究领域
看混淆了，对比a particular field study一个实地研究
题2 ZA的观点，不是evidence，所以排除AC

作者: sjj加油 时间: 2021-6-14 15:26
cdcad

作者: 大月亮cyn 时间: 2021-11-2 11:24
Day44 BDCDD
1. C MainIdea找错了，重点不是这个发现反驳了理论，而是先给出了一个观点：新的考古发现会削弱已有理论，B 是对比以前的发展理论和目前的发现这个是举例内容的具体内容，C是文章主要结构，开篇提出论点，之后用新发现的化石产生这一论点

作者: HelloWorld~ 时间: 2021-11-3 15:28
1, a general idea about archaeological discoveries and a important discovery of a set of remains of he Australopithecus afarensis species
2, How important the new discovery is.

1, C , take me a while to consider about B. Finally cannot "previous theories of development"
2, D , that guy talks about the importance of the finding
3, C , seems "location" is the least important thing of the finding.
4, C , not sure about C/D, i think both C and D are right.
okay, "hyoid bone has dramatically affected concepts of the origin of speech". It seems that it does not mean "hyoid bone" is neccessary for speech.

5, D , new finding changes the accepted ideas

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