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标题: 揽瓜阁做题小分队 第16天 蝙蝠定位 [打印本页]
作者: 小白斩鸡 时间: 2021-4-15 14:00
标题: 揽瓜阁做题小分队 第16天 蝙蝠定位
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解析明晚微信群里公布
Insect-eating bats rely heavily on echolocation, a method of sensory perception by which certain animals orient themselves to their surroundings, detect obstacles, communicate with others, and find food. While using echolocation, these bats emit a series of short, high-frequency sounds from their mouths or nostrils that bounce off objects and surfaces and then return to the animals’ ears. Since high-frequency waves do not diffract, or bend, extensively, these ultrasonic vibrations provide bats with accurate maps of their surroundings. The biosonar of some bats is so advanced that it allows them to fly in complete darkness, snatch moving insects out of the air, or hover just above water level to drink.
For years, scientists have been aware that bats emit slightly different frequencies in differing situations. Recent research has provided insight into how certain physical features help bats use this variability to differentiate among objects in their environments. Many species of bats have elaborate, intricately shaped flaps, or noseleaves, around their nostrils that are adorned with grooves and spikes. Three-dimensional computer simulations of these noseleaves revealed that furrows along the top of the noseleaves act as cavities that resonate strongly with certain frequencies of sound. As a result, the grooves cause different frequencies of sound to discharge in different directions. Lower frequency sounds are spread more vertically, while higher frequency sounds emit more horizontally. The complexity the noseleaves add to the bats’ ultrasound perception could help the bats perform difficult tasks, such as locating prey while avoiding obstacles.
1. Which of the following best describes the relation of the second paragraph to the first paragraph?
(A) The second paragraph discounts the complexity of a process that is revealed in the first paragraph.
(B) The second paragraph clarifies a debate over a biological system that is discussed in the first paragraph.
(C) The second paragraph illuminates the intricacies of a method that is introduced in the first paragraph.
(D) The second paragraph explains the results of a hypothesis that is expressed in the first paragraph.
(E) The second paragraph describes the function of a physical feature that is mentioned in the first paragraph.
2. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion concerning the purpose of bats’ noseleaves?
(A) The range of frequencies that bats hear is much smaller than the range of frequencies that bats emit.
(B) Many bats emit echolocation sounds through their mouths rather than through their noses.
(C) Dolphins rely on echolocation, and they do not have noseleaves.
(D) When their food sources are stationary, some bats rely on eyesight and smell rather than echolocation.
(E) The sound waves emitted during echolocation are limited to a range of fewer than one hundred feet.
3. Which of the following can properly be inferred from the passage?
(A) The sound waves a bat emits during echolocation only travel parallel or perpendicular to the bat's motion.
(B) The spikes found on bats’ noseleaves are rarely utilized during echolocation.
(C) Many insect-eating bats do not possess a well-developed sense of sight.
(D) Low-frequency sound waves diffract less extensively than high-frequency sound waves.
(E) During echolocation, bats do not rely on low-frequency sound waves.
参考答案,做完才看 :)
作者: 速水愛媛 时间: 2021-4-15 14:38
EBB
作者: yyking625 时间: 2021-4-15 16:12
EDA
作者: 123Better 时间: 2021-4-15 17:12
EDB
作者: irisville 时间: 2021-4-15 17:34
cae
作者: puy123 时间: 2021-4-15 18:09
用时8min左右
部分生词,拖累速度
结构
1、食虫蝙蝠会用回声。生物声纳的大致原理和作用
2、蝙蝠会根据环境用不同频率的声波。通过实验,蝙蝠的生理结构如何完成的。
EEC
intricate 复杂的
flap 拍打
nostril 鼻孔
groove 沟;槽
spike 刺
furrow 沟壑
capity 腔
resonate 共鸣
diffract 衍射;折射
第一题,①第二段的第一句是重点,后面的实验都是围绕着蝙蝠可以用不同频的声波而做的,而不是重点介绍什么结构作用;②第一段的重点不是生理结构;
第二题,关键在于鼻叶功能的结论到底定位到哪里?注意看解析。
第三题,定位第一段第三句,high-frequency waves不会衍射,弯曲,为蝙蝠提供定位。反过来想就是低频的波不是这种特性。
做题的时候要回文定位。
作者: Minato66666 时间: 2021-4-15 18:14
1. C or E?
2. A
3. A
作者: rs曦曦 时间: 2021-4-15 18:31
第一段:蝙蝠利用回声系统定位
第二段:蝙蝠如何利用noseleaves发出不同波段的声音,实现三维定位
作者: rs曦曦 时间: 2021-4-15 18:42
intricacy:复杂,纷乱
作者: 再战请勿拦 时间: 2021-4-15 19:33
EBC
作者: 断了的弦 时间: 2021-4-15 19:43
cbc
作者: 半日大哥 时间: 2021-4-15 21:24
ECE
用时6 分钟
1. 蝙蝠通过发射接收高频声波来进行定位。
2. 近期科研成果显示,有些种类的蝙蝠有着非常复杂的noseleaves。 其中有些凸起或者凹陷。 凹陷处会和某些特定频率的声波共鸣来帮助定位。
作者: _Salaxy_ 时间: 2021-4-15 21:44
CEA
作者: N0ire 时间: 2021-4-15 21:50
12min
主旨:蝙蝠回声定位法的声波研究
P1: 蝙蝠借助回声定位法生存,通常认为是发射高频率的声波,接收反射回来的声波来进行分析定位;
P2: 研究发现,不同情况下声波的频率不同,而蝙蝠的鼻孔构造被认为是发射出不同频率的声波的原因。
EAC
作者: miemie_yang 时间: 2021-4-15 22:10
答案:E C A
蝙蝠依靠回声定位法来定位,交流,躲避,或者寻找食物。他们会从鼻子或者是嘴巴释放短高频的声波,科学家们进一步研究,生物特性是如何帮助蝙蝠分辨的
作者: zhangmenghan 时间: 2021-4-15 22:12
EAA
作者: Sibaiyuan 时间: 2021-4-15 22:30
CAC
作者: 肖文静爱学习 时间: 2021-4-15 22:54
看一下!
作者: 阿綠 时间: 2021-4-16 08:20
Nice
作者: XCIVI 时间: 2021-4-16 09:05
看一下!
作者: Jack.Lu 时间: 2021-4-16 09:18
EDA
蝙蝠利用回声定位
P1:引入蝙蝠回声定位
P2:解释回声定位是利用不同波段实现的
生词:
nostril:鼻孔
diffract:vt. 衍射;使…分散;碾碎
vi. 衍射
extensively:adv. 广阔地;广大地
groove:n. [建] 凹槽,槽;最佳状态;惯例
spiky:adj. 大钉一般的;装有大钉的;尖刻的;易怒的;有穗的
vt. 开槽于
vi. 形成沟槽
furrow:n. 皱纹;犁沟;车辙
vt. 犁;耕;弄绉
vi. 犁田;开沟;犁出浪迹
n. (Furrow)人名;(英)弗罗
cavitiy:n. 腔;洞,凹处
作者: CCCGO 时间: 2021-4-16 09:36
EBA
作者: HHHHRane 时间: 2021-4-16 12:36
EDC
第一段:蝙蝠依靠回声定位,并详细讲了在复杂环境中精准定位的回声。
第二段:主要讲了蝙蝠的物理特征能帮助蝙蝠进行复杂定位。
作者: yutingw 时间: 2021-4-16 15:51
EAD
作者: LindsayPark 时间: 2021-4-16 19:04
CBA
作者: LouisTan 时间: 2021-4-16 20:51
CCC
作者: 星v座v书v上 时间: 2021-4-16 23:12
CBD
作者: RxxMewo 时间: 2021-4-17 10:08
EBA
作者: 暴躁少女本人 时间: 2021-4-17 13:45
Mark一下!
作者: connie_123 时间: 2021-4-17 21:01
EBC
作者: 2022Tiramisu 时间: 2021-4-18 20:25
ebc
作者: 大大大kk 时间: 2021-4-18 21:55
EBC
作者: FCAENG 时间: 2021-4-19 09:58
CAD
作者: ccccherry 时间: 2021-4-20 00:50
CCE
作者: sssszzzzxccsc 时间: 2021-4-21 17:03
ABC
作者: 狒狒小姐 时间: 2021-4-22 06:11
ECD
作者: 飞跃重洋2017 时间: 2021-4-28 16:26
CDE
作者: W... 时间: 2021-4-28 16:46
EDE
作者: SchodingerCat 时间: 2021-5-10 23:40
CAE
作者: 张晴雨 时间: 2021-5-11 09:58
我的答案:ECD
正确答案:CAE
用时:9分钟
作者: 690387114 时间: 2021-6-20 00:06
CAB
CAE难点:第二段的lower和higher都是在high-frequency范畴里的微微不同,参见第二段首句 slightly different frequencies
题3 定位While using echolocation, these bats emit a series of short, high-frequency sounds from
作者: 大月亮cyn 时间: 2021-10-28 16:24
Day16 EAE
1. C 选了E,没有注意到 E 说的是 第一段提到的某一特征的功能,这个特征第一段没有提及。(C)第二段阐明了第一段所介绍的一种方法的复杂性。(正确,进一步阐述,说 明复杂的情况) (E)第二段说明了第一段中?到的某一物理特征的功能。(?述鼻叶功能在第一 段未出现过,非正确选项)
作者: Flynnisme 时间: 2021-11-9 16:41
第一段:介绍bats用echolocation,用这个的作用。怎么用。biosonar如此先进帮助bats做一些事情。总的来说这一段就是在介绍bats的echolocation
第二段:讲述的是实验:how certain physical features help bats use this variability to differentiate among objects in their environments。
第一题:结构题
主要是对第二段的理解。第二段主要讲一个身体结构的作用,而这个身体结构又出现在了第一段,所以选e
第二题:取非题
主要是找到purpose of bats’s nose leaves
因为… 所以noseleaves可以帮助bats完成复杂任务
因为noseleaves是和频率共振,然后反射一定频率,所以可以…
第一个选项是正确答案 不敢确定
可以通过排出下面四个选项来做出决定(关键词)
Bmouths和noses
C海豚 可以直接排出
D静止时 文中也没有动时 可以排出(有,但和主旨不同)
E距离,文中没有提及
选A
第三题:细节题
A选项 文中是更直或者更平,也就是相对的,因此A错
B spike 文中就出现过一次,没有说,pass
C sight 文中一句也没说过 pass
D 因为h-f 不diffract 在第一段 可以看出比较错误
E 第一段直接说了 因此是对的
作者: B及站士 时间: 2023-10-14 13:23
P1. 介紹蝙蝠的回聲定位法
P2. 說明蝙蝠的回聲定位其實在不同情況放不同頻率), 近期研究發現noseleaves這個器官可以幫助蝙蝠完成複雜任務
-
P1
1. Context: Insect-eating bats – echolocation – sensory perception
2. Elaborate: emit short, high-frequency sounds from mouths or nostrils – bounce off objects and surface and then return to ears
3. Argument: echolocation is so advanced – fly in darkness, snatch insects, hover just above water
P2
1. Scientists: bats emit different frequency in differing situations
2. Recent research: noseleaves around their nostrils – 3D computer simulations – resonate strongly with certain frequencies of sound – different frequencies of sound to discharge in different directions (lower: vertically ; higher horizontally)
3. Conclusion: the complexity the noseleaves add to ultrasound perception – help to perform difficult tasks
作者: 木柚籽 时间: 2023-10-26 10:15
p1
bat's echolocation -- operation mechanism --- the function
p2
how certain physical features help bats use this variability to differentiate among objects in their environments---noseleave' contruction --function
作者: joliajjj 时间: 2023-12-7 21:07
文章结构:
P1:描述蝙蝠用声纳定位的一些现象
P2: 蝙蝠有复杂的noseleaves,不同频声波共鸣帮助定位
CC(A)E
第二题错:首先得明白蝙蝠鼻叶的目的是向不同方向发出声音,(避开障碍物找到猎物) as使蝙蝠
感知不到复杂的信息,无法完成绕开障碍物找猎物?
作者: andyhhhh 时间: 2024-5-15 22:48
CBA
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